This house was built in 1898 by order of the baker Gauswald for his wife Evgenia Karlovna. The project was created by famous architects Chagin and Schöne. Vladimir Ivanovich Chagin was educated at the Academy of Arts and by the time work began on the dacha, Gauswald had already participated in several major projects, and after the October Revolution he was engaged in the reconstruction and restoration of many architectural monuments. It was he who was one of the first to build buildings in the Art Nouveau style in St. Petersburg, most of which he created together with Vasily Ivanovich Schöne.

Kamenny Island already in those years was a privileged area of ​​St. Petersburg, where many famous and famous people lived. wealthy people: merchant Eliseev, large industrialist Putilov, outstanding scientists.

Dacha Gauswald is the first Art Nouveau building in Russia, most of which is built of wood. At the same time, the asymmetry characteristic of this architectural style, broken roof lines and some other details are observed. The central two-story part of the building is wooden; a one-story building with a semicircular portal adjoins it. The basement is lined with rubble slabs used in the construction of most cottages on Kamenny Island. On the first floor there were residential master's rooms, and on the second - an office and apartments for guests. Some experts are of the opinion that a lot of things were taken from classical English cottage architecture when creating the Gauswald dacha, while others argue that the “Bavarian” style can be traced in the features of the building.

In the first years after the October Revolution, Kamenny Island, by that time renamed the Island of Workers, began to be empty, and in its luxury houses homeless children settled, which over time became more and more. Then, by decision of the authorities, a children's colony was located in the Gauswald dacha. Homeless children lived here until 1923 and took away everything they could get to: colored stained-glass windows with elegant lead inserts were taken apart by the colony's pets for weights for fishing rods and other needs.

In the mid-1920s, the Gauswald dacha housed the dispensary of the Leningrad Metal Plant, and the island of the Workers itself became a place of concentration of dachas for large officials. Throughout the Soviet era appearance dacha Gauswald attracted the attention of the creators of many famous films. In this house, Jan Fried filmed his Don Cesar de Bazan and Die Fledermaus, and in Igor Maslennikov's The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson, the Gauswald dacha turned into Irene Adler's mansion.

After the collapse Soviet Union hard days have come for the dacha. This building was purchased by a private firm, which for twenty years did not use it in any way, and the house fell into complete disrepair. After the study, it turned out that more than 80% of wooden buildings were practically destroyed by mold. Having familiarized themselves with the conclusion of experts, the authorities decided to demolish all the affected wooden structures. However, this did not happen. A few years later there was new check accident rate, as a result of which it was finally decided to dismantle all the wooden parts, and subsequently install a building in their place, designed by the architect Rafael Dayanov.

Now the restoration is underway, the building is promised to return to its historical appearance by the end of 2019.

Remember the movie "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson"?
Here in this window, which is in the photo, Watson threw a smoke bomb at the house of Irene Adler (series "Treasures of Agra")..
This is the Gauswald dacha on Kamenny Island in St. Petersburg.
I was there this Monday..
Is it this Monday???
I can't even believe it... Only four days have passed, and everything around has changed so much...
Okay, I'm not talking about that now...
On Saturday, I walked around Kamenny Island, including photographing this dacha ...
And after the walk, I got on the Internet and read that "it is impossible to save the Gauswald cottage and it was decided to demolish it" ..
I immediately wanted to go there again and take more pictures.
Which is what I did on Monday.
Came and there...

And there, bypassing the cottage from all sides, I wanted to come closer ..
But a low metal fence surrounds it from all sides, the gate is locked...
What to do? I was about to jump over the fence...
But then, by chance, a guard came out of the wing and said that it was impossible to go beyond the fence in any case, that it was now private property and entry was strictly prohibited.
He approached the fence from the other side, a very handsome guy in his 50s, and it turned out that he was not just a security guard, but a true connoisseur of his “object”, who told me the whole history of the Gauswald dacha, with details that I had not seen on the Internet ..
He even showed old photos of the dacha ..
Everything through the fence - he observes his duty as a guard very strictly ....
I wish there were guards like this everywhere!
By the way, if you want, you can see this wonderful person at the very end of this video:
http://www.spbtv.ru/new.html?newsid=381

And the history of this building is extremely interesting!
The dacha was built in 1898 for the wife of a baker, a supplier to the imperial court, Evgenia Karlovna Gauswald.
The authors of the project were architects Vladimir Chagin and Vasily Schone, very fashionable at that time in St. Petersburg.
And the dacha was made in the most fashionable style at that time - in the Art Nouveau style ..
For some reason, there are very few buildings in the Art Nouveau style that have survived in our time ...
Both in Moscow and in St. Petersburg ...

“Their house is notable for its open plan and multi-level arrangement of premises. The corner of the house overlooking the intersection of the alleys is highlighted by a rounded entrance portal, characteristic of the French Art Nouveau trend.

The house, built for the Gauswald family, has a facade decorated with various materials: rubble, yellow brick, wood, and rightfully belongs to the best works of modernism in St. Petersburg.

Domestic filmmakers shot the mansion more than once. In almost every second film-operetta released in Soviet times at Lenfilm, we can easily recognize the main facade of the house by a very characteristic round door.

The metal scroll of the lamp has been lost.
With him, it was a symbolic treble clef, which hinted at the musical tastes of the hostess of the dacha:

It was from here that Mrs. Eisenstein (L. Maksakova) escorted (as she thought) her husband Heinrich Eisenstein (Yu. Solomin) to prison in the film "The Bat". And it is in front of this door that the "adventurer", opera singer and simply beautiful Irene Adler appears for the first time to Holmes and the audience in slow motion."
In addition, the films "Don Cesar de Bazan", "Maritsa" were filmed here.
Stone Island has always been considered a privileged place..
Before Catherine II, it belonged to the chancellors, first to Golovkin, then to Besstuzhev-Ryumin.
In 1765, Empress Catherine II returned it to the property of the imperial family, presenting it to the heir to the throne, Tsarevich Pavel Petrovich. The metropolitan elite immediately lined up for the highest permission for the construction of summer cottages in the vicinity of the residence of the Grand Duke ..
Such an honor also fell to the suppliers of the court of His Majesty - the baker-confectioner Gauswald, the jeweler Gau, the shoe merchant P. Goze and others.
The Gauswald House (2nd Berezovaya Alley, 32) is considered the first building in Russia in this style: emphasized asymmetry, broken lines of the portal and roof. The prototype was the architecture of English cottages.

In 1918, the 3rd children's colony named after Lunacharsky was placed in the mansion. I think it is not necessary to explain what it is?
The homeless children broke off almost all the spears from the metal fence, dismantled the beautiful stained-glass windows in the windows for the sake of lead lintels, from which they made weights for fishing rods, and they simply played with colored stained-glass windows ...
Inside, the dacha was divided into cells, which could accommodate several beds...
A few years later, the dacha was given to the Leningrad Metal Plant, for workers to live in ... But the plant management quickly realized that it would be more convenient to make a sanatorium here.
In this form, the dacha existed until the very restructuring .. Until the time when the factories began to "waste" and get rid of kindergartens, pioneer camps, sanatoriums, and other "ballast" ..
The dacha was acquired by a private company, which actually needed only a plot. But the company could not get permission to demolish the monument of architecture..
Then - "not by washing, so by rolling" - the entrepreneurs simply abandoned the building, it stood for 8 years without heating and all the wooden parts of the dacha were "eaten" by a white fungus ..
So the dacha would have perished, almost perished already .. But ..
The new owner of the dacha, having bought it as an architectural monument, is obliged to restore it ...
And it turned out that this is still possible:
"Deputy Chairman of the KGIOP Boris Kirikov noted that the dacha is the first finished piece in the Art Nouveau style. However, in his opinion, the loss of the wooden part is not such a problem, since it has undergone many cardinal distortions. "The drama of the situation is mitigated by the fact that we are dealing with the result of numerous reconstructions,” he believes, “and restoration will allow her to return to her lost original appearance.” At the same time, the official believes that “it is necessary to hold on to the brick part.” “Well, we don’t know how to make such a brick! he declared in annoyance, “What can be seen on the Kseshinsky mansion.”
Member of the Council Mikhail Milchik noted that if the foundations are dismantled, the object will lose the status of a monument, since a complete reconstruction is a new building. “The tower and the front door need to be preserved and restored,” he said.
Recall that Gauswald's dacha includes 4 buildings. It consists of 80% wooden structures. According to an examination carried out in 2005, it was found that wooden structures were infected with white fungus, which cannot be destroyed through treatment with solutions. The only way to deal with it is to cut out the affected areas and burn it on the side (so as not to infect the surrounding buildings with spores of the fungus). But if you go for it, then 2-3 meters of wood scraps will remain from the dacha. Therefore, experts believe that the wooden structures of the building cannot be restored.
There are uneven subsidences and cracks in the foundation of the tower, however, all stone structures could be preserved when equipping the drainage system, experts say.

So, there is hope that the Gauswald cottage will not die, but will please our children and grandchildren with its appearance for a long time to come.
Here!

Dacha Gauswald is a mansion located on Kamenny Island in St. Petersburg. She appeared here in 1898 and reflected a fresh style - modern, hitherto unknown to the townspeople. Therefore, the mansion became the first building made in the Art Nouveau style not only in the city on the Neva, but throughout Russia.

Exquisite building architecture

The architecture of the Gauswald dacha embodied many character traits modern style. The asymmetry was emphasized in it, the broken lines of the portal and the roof were perfectly traced. Exquisite English cottages served as prototypes of the building.

The building is 2-storey, its main volume is wooden, built on cellars, with a high stone plinth. The dacha is partly made of brick, a complex volume-spatial composition of different-sized volumes is made.

Facade decoration imitates fachwerk - a frame construction of load-bearing pillars and beams that are visible from the outside of the house, which gave it a characteristic look of medieval color.

The north-eastern parts of the building are decorated with a parapet fence of the terrace and a stylized corner tower made of bricks. Various materials were used for decoration: rubble stone, facing ceramic tiles "boar", limestone, wood, ceramic tiles, glazed polychrome tiles.

History of the cottage Gauswald

The dacha was built specifically for the baker's wife, Evgenia Karlovna Gauswald. It was erected by masters according to the project of architects - Vladimir Chagin and Vasily Schone. In 1910-1916, extensions were made to the main volume of the building, but strictly observing all the techniques and forms of Art Nouveau.

In 1918, the 3rd children's colony named after A.V. Lunacharsky found a cozy home in the mansion, which existed here until 1923. After that, the building was occupied for many years by the sanatorium of the Leningrad Metal Plant.

Due to the change in his functional purpose under the USSR, the dacha was repeatedly rebuilt. It underwent the most serious changes in 1984 after the overhaul, as a result of this, some external decor and interior decoration were lost.

In post-Soviet times, the building was owned by a commercial firm. For a long time it was not heated, so by 2008 it was in disrepair. About 85% of the structures were destroyed by a wood-destroying porcini mushroom.

In March 2008, by decision of the Conservation Council cultural heritage the damaged wooden parts of the Gauswald dacha were to be dismantled. But in 2009, the council decided to re-examine. The customer of the examination was to be the Committee for the Protection of Monuments.

But the cart was still there, as they say in the famous Krylov's fable. In 2011, they planned to disassemble and burn the wooden part of the building. They wanted to build a new building on this site. However, by September 2017, the information had changed to the opposite: it was stated that the damage to the wooden parts of the dacha was not as great as previously stated. In October of the same year, restoration work began. In April 2018 due to economic situation the reconstruction of the Gauswald dacha has been suspended.

Gauswald Mansion at the movies

Thanks to the unusual appearance of Gauswald's dacha and its resemblance to tempting English cottages, she got into the national cinema. In the early 1980s, footage for the film The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson was filmed here. The mansion acted as the home of Irene Adler, beloved of the great detective Sherlock.

The filmed dacha of Gauswald looked charming and in place in 2 operettas "Die Fledermaus" and "Maritza". Also, its refined image and interiors were very suitable for the musical film "Don Cesar de Bazan", and the film "Without a Family" was also filmed here.

Address

• St. Petersburg, Birch alley, 32; Big alley, 12-14

Nearest metro stations

• "Black River", "Krestovsky Island", Petrogradskaya"

There are many unusual mansions on Kamenny Island in St. Petersburg. At the end of the 19th century, this place became a popular summer cottage area. Walking along the quiet Stone Island, you get the impression that you are in the Art Nouveau era at the turn of the century. On the advice of friends goldfond And vince_spb I found interesting houses. I will gradually talk about them.

Dacha Gauswald I also decided to sign my photos, it’s a chore and it doesn’t save from network theft, but it gives solidity

Dacha Gauswald gives the impression of a typical english house haunted. Irene Adler's mansion was filmed here in the film The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson.

The dacha was built in 1898 for the baker's wife Eugenia Gauswald. Architects - Chagin V.I. and Shene V.I. After the revolution, the house was a children's colony. After 1923, a sanatorium for party members was located in the house.

Now the building was bought by private entrepreneurs, but the promised restoration has not been done. In 2008, attempts were made to demolish the dacha altogether, but city activists did not allow such vandalism to take place. Difficulties in restoration are caused by the wooden parts of the building, which are affected by the fungus and can crumble during work.

Surely, in such a building, the ghost of the hostess appears, who sadly walks around her possessions, jingling the keys. Perhaps, thanks to her efforts, the dacha has not yet been destroyed. This is a kind ghost that is condescending towards uninvited guests if they do not intend to harm her property.

Dacha at the end of the 19th century

Stills from the movie "Sherlock Holmes", Irene Adler's mansion

For lovers of architectural details - house plan

To be continued about the houses of Kamenny Island

Blog updates in my

Dacha Gauswald is one of the mansions in the elite area of ​​Kamenny Island, built in 1898. It is also known as the house of Irene Adler from the film adaptation of Sherlock Holmes. Despite the fact that the building is recognized as an architectural monument, it is in an unsatisfactory condition and requires major reconstruction.

History of the mansion

In 1898, a baker named Gauswald decided to build a country mansion for his wife. He planned to create a house that looked like a gingerbread house, and invited famous architects V. Shene and V. Chagin to cooperate.

It is not known how the baker managed to get land on Kamenny Island - plots were allocated only to representatives of the nobility and close associates of Emperor Nicholas II. The nobleman Nikolai Sviyagin, eminent psychiatrist Vladimir Bekhterev, financier Alexei Putilov lived on the island. However, in 1900 the construction of the Gauswald house was completed. It became one of the first low-rise wooden buildings in the Art Nouveau style in all of Russia.

After the revolution of 1917, Kamenny Island was called the Island of Workers, and the rich residents left their dachas and moved out, many left the country. Homeless children settled in abandoned houses. The new government, which stood up for equality, transferred the Gauswald mansion and some other houses to the 3rd children's colony named after. Lunacharsky.

Re-education of difficult teenagers was slow. They caused significant damage to the interiors and interior decoration of the house: they broke glass, scratched the masonry, pulled out lead decorative elements and colored glass from the stained-glass windows. Lead went to sinkers for fishing rods, and glass pieces were exchanged for small services.

In 1923, the Lunacharsky colony moved out of the building. It came under the jurisdiction of the Leningrad Metal Plant and was converted into a dispensary.

In 1990, a private company bought the Gauswald house, but did not use it. Until 2008, the building was abandoned. For 18 years of inactivity, wooden structural elements were 85% destroyed by white fungus. At a meeting of the Committee for the Protection of the Cultural Heritage of St. Petersburg, it was decided to demolish the dacha, but for some unknown reason it was not carried out.

House Gauswald in the movies

Dacha Gauswald, thanks to its interesting appearance, has a rich filmography. The building was filmed in the detective story of Sherlock Holmes in 1980 as the home of Irene Adler - the only woman who became a worthy rival to the detective in intelligence and aroused genuine interest in him.

Later, the house appeared in Jan Fried's comedy Don Cesar de Bazan, as well as in the musical film Die Fledermaus and in the feature film Maritza, based on the operetta by Imre Kalman.

Building architecture

The Gauswald Dacha is a rare example of a wooden structure that embodies the features of the Art Nouveau style in its appearance: an asymmetric silhouette, a complex roof line, semicircular turrets with stone windows, stained-glass windows instead of windows.

The wooden part of the building is two-story. From the north, a one-story structure and a semicircular turret with an arched entrance adjoins it, and from the south, two terraces made of wood. Ground floor made on wooden supports and decorated with rubble stone.

The interior of the mansion has been irretrievably lost, but it is known that in the past, the master's rooms were on the first floor, and the study and guest bedrooms were on the second. The southwestern part of the building was used as a service building, with a separate entrance.

On the site were placed outbuildings, none of which has survived.

Forecast for the future

In 2017, the sentence to Dacha Gauswald was reviewed. It was decided to restore the monument of architecture. Builders are already working on the site - they are dismantling interior decoration to understand which structural elements need to be replaced. Later, a metal frame will be built over the mansion to protect it from precipitation and restoration will begin. A complete dismantling of the building is not included in the plans of the workers - they want to replace only the lower rotted crowns of the log house and elements damaged by the fungus.

The work is being carried out under the supervision of the Committee for the Protection of Architectural Monuments of St. Petersburg, whose representatives are confident that the historical appearance of the building will be preserved by 75%.

Where is the cottage

The address of the Gauswald house is Kamenny Ostrov, 2nd Berezovaya Alley, 32. It is closed to the public, you can only see the architecture from afar. The most convenient way to get there is by car, the nearest bus stops are located on the other side of the island.

The second option is to walk from the Petrogradskaya metro station along Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt, cross the Malaya Nevka and, once on the island, turn right onto 2nd Berezovaya Alley. The route takes 17-20 minutes at a fast pace.