The minimum wage for 2019 has been increased again. Let's look at how this value has changed over the years preceding 2019 and how it relates to the cost of living.
Federal minimum wage in 2019
The minimum wage (MROT) for state level approved by the relevant federal law. The minimum wage is valid throughout Russia and cannot be less than the subsistence level of able-bodied citizens for the 2nd quarter previous year for the purpose of calculating wages (Article 1 of the Law “On Minimum Wages” dated June 19, 2000 No. 82-FZ). In other words, an employee who has actually worked the standard amount of time established by the labor agreement cannot receive a salary less than the established minimum wage. If an employer pays a salary less than the minimum wage, he faces a fine under clause 6 of Art. 5.27 Code of Administrative Offenses:
- from 10,000 to 20,000 rub. on officials;
- from 30,000 to 50,000 rub. for legal entities;
- from 1,000 to 5,000 rubles. for individual entrepreneurs operating without forming a legal entity.
If previously neither the social nor financial departments of the Russian Federation, nor parliamentarians could establish compliance of the minimum wage with the subsistence level, then in March 2018 the President of the Russian Federation signed Law No. 41-FZ dated 03/07/2018, the norms of which determined that from 05/01/2018 the minimum wage will be equal to the subsistence level of the working-age population for the 2nd quarter of last year.
Results
The minimum wage for 2019 was increased to 11,280 rubles. Since May 2018, the minimum wage has become equal to the subsistence level of the working-age population for the 2nd quarter of 2017 and amounted to 11,163 rubles. Regions also have the right to set the minimum wage, but it cannot be lower than the federal figure.
We have already mentioned more than once in articles on the site that the minimum wage in 2017, if raised, will only be from the middle of the year, and not from January 1, as originally planned. Let's see why this situation has developed, and what is the this moment the size of the minimum wage.
First of all, the news is useful accounting departments. Many are already accustomed to the fact that the beginning of the year is marked by many changes, including an increase in this indicator, which affects many calculations in accounting activities majority of the company. So, from January 1, 2016, the minimum wage became equal to the amount of 6204 rubles (376-FZ of December 14, 2015).
But the state apparatus decided not to rush this time.
The last time the payment rate was increased was last summer. From July 1, it was 7,500 rubles (FZ-164 dated June 2, 2016).
Therefore, at least until July of this year, benefits will be calculated according to the same indicator. And then a slight increase is planned - up to 7,800 rubles. These three hundred rubles, according to the state’s calculations, will be precisely due to the calculated inflation rate of 4%.
Salary according to the minimum wage from January 1, 2017
Let us remind you that the minimum wage is the minimum amount. Accordingly, employees of any companies and individual entrepreneurs cannot receive less than this. This is regulated by Article 133 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
BUT! These are the realities before full calculation and deduction of taxes and various kinds of possible deductions. This means that after recalculation, the employee may receive an amount less than this established minimum amount.
A little more detail:
General indicator wages includes:
- Payment according to employment contract.
- Various types of allowances salary, additional payments, compensation.
- Bonus part of salary.
And the sum of these added parts should not, according to article number 129 of the Labor Code, be less than seven and a half thousand rubles.
As already mentioned, the minimum wage ensures the correct calculation of benefits at enterprises. This is natural in the following cases:
- When the employee’s working time is more than six months.
- AND if the employee’s salary is less than the minimum wage.
Regions
To understand minimum size wages in the region may differ from those established federally to a greater extent. So, for example, if we take Moscow, then from October 1 the minimum wage there is 17,561 rubles (Article 133.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
However, entrepreneurs have the right to submit an application to the Labor and Employment Committee of their region in order to formalize a refusal to follow the regional minimum wage in favor of the federal indicator. Such a statement must contain a justification for such a desire.
Responsibility under the law
It is clear that not every entrepreneur will want to increase pay for their employees. However, with the increase in the “minimum wage”, the salary should also not be less than 7,500 rubles. Therefore, if it is discovered that this requirement has not been met, the employer will face unpleasant consequences.
Specifically, a fine. Moreover, for companies it will start from 30 thousand rubles. The upper limit is up to 50 thousand rubles. If the violation is recorded again, the fine may increase to 70 thousand rubles.
This is for the entire organization. Specifically, the manager and chief accountant also have their own sanctions. Upon initial detection, you can get off with just a warning or a fine of up to 5 thousand rubles. But in the second case - up to 20 thousand rubles.
But in the worst case scenario, disqualification for up to three years may follow. These consequences of dishonesty are regulated by Article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
Minimum wage increase from July 1
As you already know, it is planned that from mid-2017 the minimum wage will increase by three hundred rubles to 7,800 rubles. However, it is interesting to know that a completely different arrangement was originally planned. Thus, at the Eastern Economic Forum in 2016, Deputy Prime Minister Olga Golodets announced that the minimum wage would be as much as 8,800 rubles from January 1, 2017. Alas, the words, as we see, were not just not confirmed, but did not reflect the future situation at all.
IN legislative order Not only pensions and benefits are established. There is another important characteristic that is determined by the authorities - the minimum wage.
Its value in each region is established independently. Naturally, the largest minimum wage is set for Moscow. Below IQReview will understand what the minimum wage is, what it affects, and what the minimum wage for Muscovites is.
Minimum wage(the abbreviation “minimum wage” is also widely used: minimum wage) - a payment threshold below which an employer cannot pay its employee. It can be set in an hour, a month or a year.
Please note: the minimum wage is not a “bare” salary. This is the total salary, which includes the base rate, bonuses and other types of allowances (according to Article No. 133 Labor Code Russian Federation). That is, an employee’s net salary may be lower than the regional minimum wage. Also, the minimum wage is not a living wage.
This regulatory system was proposed and is still used as a means of “protecting” low-wage workers from wage undercutting. In the past, many businesses charged unfairly low prices for hard work. First of all, this concerned physical labor.
In addition, the installation and regular recalculation of the minimum wage is one of the state’s methods of combating poverty. Of course, it is very difficult to live on the actual minimum wage in the Russian Federation, but it is still possible. By the way, citizens must pay taxes on the minimum wage in full.
Most countries of the world have their own minimum wage (established by law). On the international levelit is regulated by the UN International Labor Organization Convention No. 131 (“On Minimum Wages”), adopted on June 3, 1970.
Not all states implement it: By As of the summer of 2016, only 53 countries had ratified the agreement (out of 251). Moreover, it is not the third world countries that are abandoning the “standard” method of regulation; they are not accepting such a system:
Japan: here the minimum wage is not set for the entire country or region, but separately for each industry;
Switzerland, Italy, some Scandinavian countries: do not set a minimum rate at all.
Basic provisions
Do laws regulate the minimum wage? Yes, in Russia this is law No. 82-FZ.
Who adjusts the minimum wage? In the Russian Federation, this is done at two levels of government: federal (a single value is established for the entire country) and regional (a value is established for a particular region, depending on a number of factors).
Does the minimum wage depend on the number of working hours actually worked? When calculating the size, a standard workweek of 40 hours is used.
The regional level administration can change the size of the minimum wage, but only upward (i.e.official salary inregions cannot be lower than the established minimum for the country).
The minimum wage changes regularly and depends on annual inflation. In fact, it should not be lower than in the region (for able-bodied citizens).
The employer's funds are the main resource for payments. U government organizations- This budget resources(local or federal budget).
Why do we need a minimum wage?
This value is used by the state for the following purposes:
For financial protection of citizens who work in low-paid positions (as mentioned above).
As a basis for calculating benefits (unemployment, temporary disability).
Minimum wage in the Russian Federation
Now about specific numbers, for starters - for the Russian Federation (at the federal level):
From January 1, 2017: 7,500 rubles. It did not change with the onset of the new year; before that, it was last indexed on July 1, 2016. Then it was raised from 6,204 to 7,500 rubles.
From July 1, 2017 (already known) there will be minor changes to the minimum wage: it will rise from 7,500 to 7,800 rubles.
It was assumed that from the beginning of 2017, the minimum wage in Russia would be raised to 8,800 rubles. However, due to the crisis situation in the country, such a step was abandoned, and there was no New Year indexation at all. Most likely, after the July increase, wages will be revised next year - 2018.
Minimum wage in Moscow
T Now the most interesting question for most:what is the minimumAre residents of the Russian capital entitled to a salary?
Minimum salary in Moscow in 2017(from January 1) is 17,561 rubles. This value applies to all citizens who work in Moscow companies, in addition to employees of budgetary structures.
For statistics, we present the minimum wage for Moscow by year:
| Period | Size, thousand rubles |
|---|---|
| 2010, from January 1 to April 30 | 9.5 |
| 2010, from May 1 to December 31 | 10.1 |
| 2011, from January 1 to July 31 | 10.4 |
| 2011, from August 1 to December 31 | 11.1 |
| 2012, from January 1 to June 30 | 11.3 |
| 2012, from July 1 to December 31 | 11.7 |
| 2013, from January 1 to June 30 | 11.7 (not changed) |
| 2013, from July 1 to December 31 | 12.2 |
| 2014, from January 1 to May 31 | 12.6 |
| 2014, from June 1 to December 31 | 14 |
| 2015, from January 1 | 14.5 |
| 2015, from April 1 | 15 |
| 2015, from June 1 | 16.5 |
| 2015, from November 1 | 17.3 |
| 2016, from January 1 | 17.3 (not changed) |
| 2016, from October 1 | 17.561 |
And for comparison, here are the data on the minimum wage of Muscovites in the 2000s:
| Period | Minimum wage, rubles |
|---|---|
| 2002, from January 1 | 1100 |
| 2002, from September 1 | 1270 |
| 2003, from January 1 | 1500 |
| 2003, from July 1 | 1800 |
| 2004, from May 1 | 2000 |
| 2004, from October 1 | 2500 |
| 2005, from May 1 | 3000 |
| 2005, from October 1 | 3600 |
| 2006, from May 1 | 4100 |
| 2006, from September 1 | 4900 |
| 2007, from May 1 | 5400 |
| 2007, from September 1 | 6100 |
| 2008, from May 1 | 6800 |
| 2008, from September 1 | 7650 |
| 2009, from January 1 | 8300 |
| 2009, from May 1 | 8500 |
| 2009, from September 1 | 8700 |
What about other countries?
At the current (for the first half of May) ruble-dollar exchange rate, the Moscow minimum wage is equal to$ 300, and the all-Russian -$ 130.
Comparison of minimum wages in Russia with other countries For comparison, we indicate what minimum wages are established in other countries (translated into American dollars):
USA. In 6 states minimum rate not at all. At the state level, you cannot pay less than 7.25 per hour of work. For some large cities, individual (inflated) rates apply. Highest in the District of Columbia (11.5$ per hour).
Australia. In this country, companies cannot pay their employees less$ 2190 per month. However, taxes in Australia are among the highest. Adjusted for all fees, the employee must receive at least 9.5$ per hour.
Luxembourg. Minimum per hour of work - 9.24$.
Belgium - $8.57 per hour.
Ireland - no less than $8.46 per hour.
France - minimum $8.24 per hour.
Czech Republic - no less than $387 per month.
Estonia - no less than $440 per month.
Israel - at least $1200 per month.
Mexico - at least $85 per month.
Netherlands - at least $1850 monthly.
UK - from $1615 per month.
Current news about the minimum wage (video)
Questions related to general characteristics and the concepts of the minimum wage, its minimum size in the current year and a comparison of the minimum wage by region, you can find out after reading this article. Now let's look at each aspect separately.
What is the minimum wage?
This value is established on a national scale and this issue is regulated within the framework of federal law. It represents the minimum wage that is paid to an employee per day, hour or month. The employer does not have the right to pay his employee less than the established value.
This amount increases every year and is indexed taking into account the available amount. There have been cases when this size increased several times over the course of a year. This right is reserved by the state and, at the first opportunity, the minimum wage of employees is increased.
In our country, the minimum wage is the minimum, which is set at current legislation. It is used to regulate wages and is involved in the process of calculating the amount of temporary disability benefits. This amount is used to determine the amount of taxes, duties, and other fees. Even any kind of fine is calculated based on this amount.
Employers must pay their employees wages that are equal to or greater than the specified minimum. Many entrepreneurs and organizations conduct double-entry bookkeeping, officially paying employees the “minimum wage” and disbursing the rest unofficially. This allows them to significantly reduce taxes. But it is worth remembering that this kind of fraud is illegal and criminally punishable.
The minimum wage increases annually by a certain amount. Indexation occurs from January 1 current year. But there are times when the minimum wage increases in the middle of the year. This will be the case in 2017. From July 1, the minimum wage will be increased to 7,800 rubles. The increase cannot be called significant, but in an unstable environment financial situation In the country, this fact is a good indicator of economic growth.
In addition to rising prices, the minimum salary is affected by:
- the number of unemployed in our country;
- economic efficiency of the activities of private entrepreneurs and organizations;
- the situation in the country regarding the level of prices and the rate of their growth.
Please note that the summer increase will not affect the amount of insurance premiums in any way, since they were recalculated at the beginning of 2017. The minimum wage includes not only the established salary amount, but also various bonuses, allowances and all kinds of remuneration.
The procedure for calculating the minimum wage does not depend on the amount of time worked. It relates only to the period worked. For example, an employee worked one and a half shifts all month, but he will still receive payment in the minimum established amount. Experts predict that in 2018 this amount will increase and will be 8,000 rubles.
Thus, as of the beginning of the current period, the minimum wage from January 1, 2017 in Russia is 7,500 rubles. All employers are required to pay their employees wages equal to or greater than this amount. If this amount is deliberately reduced, then the heads of firms and companies will face penalties.
If the salary of one or more employees is less than the established minimum, then the manager must be held responsible for this. He will be subject to a hefty fine, which may amount to from 30 to 50 thousand rubles. If the employer violates the law again, the penalty will double and amount to from 50 to 70 thousand.
Director of the enterprise, as well as Chief Accountant, are equally responsible for reducing the minimum wage. For this offense they face a fine of one to three thousand. In case of repeated violation, it will be from 10 to 20 thousand rubles. In addition, they can be forcibly released from their positions for a period of up to three years.
Minimum wage in regions
It is established at the legislative level and in July 2017 will be increased to 7,800 rubles. However, this amount is not final. In each region this value has its own size. Its formation is influenced by the standard of living in each specific subject of Russia. It is not surprising that in Moscow and St. Petersburg the minimum salary is higher than the regional minimum wage.
For clarity, let’s consider the minimum wage by region in the form of a table:
| Subject of Russia | Minimum wage as of the beginning of 2017 (rub.) |
| Central district | |
| Moscow | 12 500 |
| Moscow region | 17 300 |
| Yaroslavl region | 6,000 – for organizations related to the public sector. 8 021 – for organizations that belong to the extra-budgetary sphere |
| Smolensk region | 6 200 |
| Oryol Region | 9 778 |
| Northwestern district | |
| Saint Petersburg | 11 700 |
| Leningrad region | 7 800 |
| Siberian district | |
| Evenki MR | 19 009 |
Not all districts and regions are represented in the table. For clarity, regions with the largest and smallest values of the indicator in question were selected. Note that throughout Siberian Federal District The minimum wage is much higher than in other regions of the country. This is due to the standard of living and the cost of food, housing and other needs.
In many areas, the minimum wage is divided into 2 indicators: for employees of the budgetary and non-budgetary spheres. For the former, the salary is significantly lower than for employees of organizations that are not public sector employees.
The table shows that in some regions the value in question is lower than the size established by the state. This suggests that regional authorities have the right to independently regulate the minimum wage, setting the minimum bar at a lower, or, conversely, at a higher limit.
Every year in Russia the minimum salary is increased, trying to bring it closer to the subsistence level established by the state. However, this value still remains at a fairly low level.
In Moscow, the minimum wage can change every three months. It depends on the cost of living, which is set for the quarter. We will tell you whether the minimum wage in Moscow has changed and what the minimum wage in the Moscow region has been since January 1, 2017.
Minimum wage in Moscow from January 1, 2017
The minimum wage in Moscow depends on the subsistence level, which is set for the quarter. If the cost of living has increased, then the minimum wage increases to the same amount. But if the minimum decreases, the minimum wage remains at the same level (clauses 3.1.1, 3.1.2 of the Moscow Tripartite Agreement for 2016-2018 dated December 15, 2015).
The Moscow government approves the subsistence level once a quarter. In November 2016, it decreased from 17,561 to 17,487 rubles (Moscow government decree No. 794-PP dated November 29, 2016). This means that until March 2017, the capital’s minimum wage will remain at the same level. Thus, the minimum wage in Moscow has not changed since January 1, 2017 and in the first quarter is 17,561 rubles.
Moscow employers are required to apply a minimum wage of 17,561 rubles (including bonuses and allowances) until the new cost of living exceeds it. It doesn't matter which way the government changes it. If you pay employees less than 17,561 rubles, the labor inspectorate may fine you 50 thousand rubles (Article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).
Increasing the minimum wage in Moscow in 2017
The capital's minimum wage is equal to the regional subsistence level, which is set quarterly. Salaries of employees with bonuses and allowances must not be lower than this amount. The changes were made by the Moscow tripartite agreement for 2016-2018 dated December 15, 2015.
Previously, the tripartite commission established the minimum wage in special minimum wage agreements. The agreement of December 15, 2015 changed the procedure and equated the minimum wage to the subsistence level of the working population. The Moscow government approves this indicator once every three months. The new minimum wage comes into force on the 1st day of the month following the month of entry into force of the next resolution on living wage. And if it turns out to be lower than the previous value, then the minimum wage does not change.
The new minimum wage is exact amount living wage, without rounding. At the same time, companies will still be able to refuse the regional minimum wage and adhere to the federal minimum wage. Reasoned refusals must be sent to the Public Relations Committee within 30 calendar days from the official publication of the Moscow government decree on the living wage.
Current articles on the topic:
Minimum wage in the Moscow region from January 1, 2017
From December 1, 2016, the minimum wage in the Moscow region increased from 12,500 to 13,750 rubles (Agreement on the minimum wage in the Moscow region dated November 30, 2016 No. 118).
The minimum wage in the Moscow region has increased for the first time in a year. The agreement on the regional minimum wage was officially published on December 21, 2016. Companies have until January 19, 2017 inclusive, to write a reasoned refusal from the regional minimum wage in favor of the federal one. Send the letter to the Ministry social development Moscow region at the address: 123592, Moscow, st. Kulakova, 20, bldg. 1. Then you can pay employees the federal minimum wage - 7,500 rubles per month. From July 1, it will rise to 7,800 rubles.
If the company does not refuse the new regional minimum wage, then in December it will be necessary to give employees at least 13,750 rubles. Rostrud believes that the minimum wage can be raised retroactively (letter dated August 12, 2014 No. 2705-TZ). If wages are not raised, there is a risk of a fine of 50 thousand rubles (Part 6 of Article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).
If the salary is less than the minimum wage in Moscow and the Moscow region
Since December last year, underpaying workers has become more dangerous: low wages lead to unscheduled labor inspections.
Make sure that all your employees receive no less than the regional minimum wage in 2017 for full month. Low salaries, as well as delays in payments became the reason for an unscheduled on-site inspection by the labor inspectorate (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 18, 2016 No. 1213).
Labor inspectors carry out the bulk of inspections outside of the plan (86% of audits) and in most cases find violations (79%). Unscheduled inspections because of low wages there were before. But labor inspections were also carried out based on documents, since they did not receive consent from the prosecutor’s office to travel. Therefore, there were one and a half times more documentary checks than on-site checks (see diagram).
Now labor inspectors do not have to coordinate with the prosecutor's office on-site inspections wage violations (Article 360 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). So auditors will begin to visit company offices more often.
Labor inspectorates learn about low wages from tax authorities, funds, complaints, and publications in the media. Rostrud says that now in all these cases they can come with an inspection. If violations are found, they will be fined up to 50 thousand rubles (Article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).