You have a loan, but you do not have enough money to pay it off. Common situation? And it doesn’t matter for what reason: they made an impulsive purchase, didn’t calculate own budget or suddenly lost their jobs. It is important how to find the right way out of this situation. And there are at least 5 legal ways reduce the burden on the family budget.

Extend loan term

This is perhaps the easiest way to reduce the amount monthly payments. But you need to understand that the longer the loan term is, the greater the amount of interest on the loan will have to be paid. If the increase total amount overpayment does not scare, then you can ask the bank to prolong the loan.
For this you need to come to loan officer bank and clearly state the amount above which it is not possible to make payments now. If the bank approves such a change in the loan agreement, a new payment schedule will be drawn up. By the way, in most cases, such a decision will be approved, because the bank does not want the loan to go into the category of problematic ones, and monthly payments stop coming at all. The chances of extending the loan term increase even if the loan is secured collateral, for example, an apartment.

Refinance a loan

Refinancing is a much more profitable way to reduce the amount of monthly payments, since you can count on more favorable loan terms. In other words, you need to take a new targeted loan to pay off the old one. There is no need to be afraid of such re-crediting. If you can find a good one loan program in another bank (the interest rate on a new loan should be 3 or more positions lower), then the overpayment for such a loan will be less. If desired, you can also adjust the loan term. Suppose the old loan had to be repaid for another year and 7 months, and the new one was taken out for 2 years. As a result, the amount of mandatory monthly payment bank will decrease.

Defer payments

It's not always easy to find a good deal loan offer in another bank. And there is nothing to pay the loan today. How to be? You can ask the bank to defer payments. True, you will have to argue your position: provide documents that indicate a deterioration in material condition. This may be a copy of the work book (transfer to another position, reduction), any certificates confirming the need for expensive treatment, education of the child, and so on. If the bank goes forward, it may be:

• a deferral of the main body of the loan has been granted, but the interest on the loan will still have to be paid;
• a fixed amount is set (for example, some percentage of the monthly payment).

It is important to pay the set amount in a timely manner, since if there are delays in payments, a penalty fee may be charged, according to the initially approved loan payment schedule.

Change loan currency

Let's say the loan would be taken in dollars or in euros. And due to fluctuations in the exchange rate, and even the need to pay a commission for currency conversion, the amount of loan payments becomes unbearable. To be frank, banks don't often change the currency of their loans, as this means a decrease in their projected profits. But it's still worth a try. After all, if you manage to reissue a loan for ruble, then the amount of the monthly payment will decrease, and even will not depend on currency fluctuations. That is, the borrower will definitely win.

The point is small: to convince the bank to change the currency of the loan. In addition to the relevant application addressed to the bank manager, it is also necessary to prepare certificates stating that the borrower is no longer able to pay the existing monthly installments. And since the bank's client receives his salary in rubles, it would be advisable to pay the loan in rubles. True, in practice it is rarely possible to change the currency of a loan. Unless the borrower has a completely hopeless situation.

Go to court

Most borrowers try not to think about the possibility of court hearings, for some reason they have an extremely negative impression. Meanwhile, it is in court that one can achieve not only improvement credit conditions, but also the full write-off of the entire amount of accrued interest! Experienced lawyers advise not to wait for the bank to go to court. After all, the specialists of a credit institution will first try to collect funds in other ways, and it’s not a fact that the case will not fall into the hands of collectors. Therefore, it is wiser to prepare yourself statement of claim. This has several advantages:

• as soon as the case is registered in court, the accrual of interest on the loan and penalties for late payments is immediately suspended;
• in the presence of good reason(significant change financial position, which can be documented) the court may oblige the bank to renew the loan agreement on new terms, of course, more favorable for the borrower;
• in some cases, it is possible to write off the entire amount of accrued interest, that is, the borrower remains to pay only the body of the loan - this is the amount that he borrowed.

It is only important not to avoid court hearings in order to prove yourself a responsible borrower. And then the court can become that magic wand that will solve seemingly hopeless problems with credit.

In a word, there are ways out of the impasse, you just need to want to find them, and not hide from the bank and not shirk your obligations.

Today it is almost impossible to find a person who would not apply for a loan at a bank or any other financial institution. Regardless of the amount of money borrowed, many dream of paying off the institution as quickly as possible, or at least getting a reduction in the interest rate on an existing mortgage loan or a loan for the purchase of cars, equipment and other things. Is it possible to make it official? Consider everything existing options more.

Factors affecting overpayment

Before figuring out how to reduce interest rate on a loan, it is worth understanding the principle of overpayments. This will help answer many questions.

For example, it should immediately be said that it will be quite difficult to significantly reduce the level of overpayment. The fact is that in each bank there is a minimum scale to which such a decrease is possible. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally understand that when issuing loan funds the financial institution expects to make a profit. Based on this, not a single financial institution will work at a loss.

However, there are a number of certain exceptions. One of them is programs. These are the most significant reasons for lowering the interest rate on a loan. In this case, the overpayment is compensated by the state. Accordingly, the bank can significantly lower the interest rate without harming itself.

Also, not everyone knows that percentage overpayments are regulated by the Central Bank. Therefore, there is a certain minimum threshold. However, real data that is received from a financial institution is rarely disclosed to borrowers and bank customers.

Among other things, when talking about how to reduce the interest rate on a loan, you need to understand that when applying for a loan, the bank also takes into account those cash, which will need to be paid to branch employees for servicing equipment in the offices of a financial institution, and so on.

Risk factors and desired profit are also taken into account. The last item is also called the greed factor. It turns out that the possibility of lowering the rate depends on how loyal the bank is to its customers. According to statistics, we can conclude that even with the most serious approach to this issue, it is possible to lower the loan rate by no more than 3-4 points. It all depends on the specific situation.

Any bank focuses on economic situation in the country, as well as on their own well-being. It can be concluded that it is much easier to reduce the overpayment in that financial institution, which is stable. This is about large organizations who have been operating in the country for a long time. There are also other ways to reduce the interest rate on an existing loan.

Early repayment of a loan

This is the easiest way to reduce your overpayment. However, this method makes sense to try to implement only if the borrower annuity payment and he has not yet reached the middle of the payment period. For repayment, not only personal, but also accumulative funds of customers, as well as other possible instruments, can be used. These include maternal capital. In this case, it is not necessary to wait until the child is 3 years old, as funds can be contributed to the mortgage.

Refinancing

In this case, we are talking about another loan (in the same or third party bank) at a lower percentage. This is especially true for those who signed the contract at a time when the rates were especially high. For example, in 2017 interest rates on consumer loans are much lower. Accordingly, in this situation, refinancing is a fairly effective way to reduce overpayments. In other words, the borrower simply issues new loan at the rate of current debt. The amount remains the same, but the overpayment decreases.

New loan with different conditions

In fact, this is another type of refinancing. In this case, not only the interest rate changes, but also other conditions under the loan contract. For example, a client may refuse compulsory insurance or change the currency of payments. However, it should be borne in mind that when you refuse insurance, interest rates, as a rule, on the contrary, increase.

Participation in special programs

In order to get relatively cheap credit, you can consider the current social proposals from the state. For example, many banks have a Young Family campaign. In this case, interest rates may be reduced for couples in which the age of the spouses has not reached 35 years. If the consumer already has an active loan, he can apply for a reduction in the interest rate on the loan in connection with joining this program.

Also today there is military mortgage. This category lending was specifically designed for military personnel. In order to become a member of this program, you must serve on a contract basis for at least 3 years. Then the Ministry of Defense of the country is ready to offset interest rates ranging from 8 to 10%.

In addition, there are programs for young employees living in countryside. In this case, clients financial institutions rather favorable conditions are also expected to reduce the interest rate on loans. For example, in Rosselkhozbank there are special programs, according to which customers can purchase houses outside the city, provided that the work activity will be carried out in the countryside.

By credit card

Everyone knows that credit cards usually earn the most high interest, which can reach up to 59% per annum. In this case, in order to reduce the overpayment, the appeal to the bank is not provided. It will also be impossible to refinance the loan. This is explained by credit cards are a typical personalized product of a financial institution. By and large, there are no effective methods on how to reduce the interest rate on a loan in this case. The only way to reduce the overpayment at least a little is to pre-arrange credit benefits. Or you can try to get another credit card with lower interest in the same or another bank.

How to reduce the interest rate on a loan at Sberbank

Most customers have more confidence in this credit institution. Today in this bank you can get a loan at a fairly low interest, which can be made even smaller.

First of all, you need to contact an employee of the bank branch and declare your intentions. To qualify for a reduction in overpayment, you must provide an ideal credit history. If previous payments were made without delay and in the entire history of lending the client had no problems with financial institutions, then the bank can meet halfway.

Sberbank also lowers interest rates for those who participate salary projects. Clients do not need to provide certificates confirming income and other documents on solvency. If the client participates in this program, then the bank is certainly sure that all funds will be returned to him.

In addition, you can try to attract guarantors or provide property as collateral.

How to renew at a lower percentage

In this case, the only possible variant is to conclude new treaty about refinancing. It should be noted that, starting this year, Sberbank provides preferential terms by this procedure. Therefore, it is possible to close loans from other credit institutions and draw up a new contract. This will be especially beneficial for those who have acquired credit obligations at high interest rates.

What do you need to renew a loan?

To do this, just contact any available branch of Sberbank and fill out the appropriate application. In addition to the application form, you must also bring your passport with you. Russian Federation, contracts of previous credit institutions, certificates confirming repayment and the absence of delays in payments and a work book. If the client is a member social program, then you must provide a certificate of marriage and birth of children. If the borrower is a man under the age of 27, then you must bring a military ID.

Speaking about how to reduce the interest rate on a loan, you need to take into account that the more positive information the borrower can provide about himself, the greater his chances of reducing credit rate and getting more favorable conditions on lending.

Finally

In fact, lowering the interest rate in the bank is quite problematic. Therefore, it is better to think over the profitability of the transaction in advance even before the signing of the contract. Before signing papers, it is necessary to consider all options for mortgage or consumer loans, interest rates in 2017 and what forecasts specialists made for the next period of time. Any information would be helpful.

Money problems can arise for any of us. Taking over credit obligations, no one thinks about the bad, and most citizens are honestly going to pay and repay the debt in full. When financial problems have already arisen, some borrowers begin to wonder if it is possible to reduce the interest on an existing loan at least a little.

Interest rate calculation

To understand the process, you must first understand how exactly the bank calculates interest rates. Three main factors are usually taken into account:

1. Banking risks.

Anyway banking structure understands that a certain percentage of customers will not repay the debt. If a particular borrower provides fewer documents, especially papers confirming his solvency, he will be offered an inflated interest rate.

2. Lending period.

If the borrower wants to get a loan for long term, the bank runs the risk of not receiving borrowed funds due to illness, disability, dismissal from work, and finally the death of the client. All loan agreements with a loan term of less than 3 years are concluded at a lower interest rate.

3. Key rates Central Bank of Russia.

These are factors that customers cannot influence. But just for financial structures they are the most important.

Taking into account all the above factors, banks can increase interest rates in each case, depending on the period for which the loan is issued and the financial situation of the client. Delays in payments also affect the amount of interest. If the borrower wants to influence the amount of interest deductions, one of the ways out may be to go to court.

Judicial procedure for reducing interest rates on loans

A large number of debtors, thinks about how to reduce payments or completely remove interest on existing loans. The first thing to say is that it is impossible to completely cancel interest on a loan. It would break the whole essence of banking relations. Interest represents the profit of financial institutions, due to which they exist. This is a kind of payment for the use of bank funds by the borrower.

What then can be canceled by a court decision? For example, penalties in case of termination of the loan agreement or improper performance by the client of the obligations assigned to him. Such a procedure is rather complicated. It is also possible to lower interest rates on loans. Typically, such a measure is used by lawyers if the bank decided to sue the citizen due to non-payment of debts.

The borrower will be required to provide evidence to the court that credit organization somewhat overestimated in his particular case the percentage for the use of bank loan. The court will carefully consider the materials submitted to it, and if the interest rate is really too high, the bank will be prohibited from charging such high percent from the debtor. However, the borrower will be required to pay interest at the new, established refinancing rates.

In practice, situations arise when a judge, when studying banking agreement may qualify it as an accession agreement. What does it mean? One of the parties to the contract prescribed certain conditions, for example additional payments and services that the client does not need. And the other side could not refuse them just because they were prescribed as mandatory conditions without which the contract could not be signed in its entirety.

Such agreements in fact violate the rights of the client (joining parties). The bank during the trial will be obliged by the court to change the terms of the contract and lower the interest rates on the loan.

Pre-trial methods to reduce interest rates

A deceived client may not wait until it comes to litigation, but try to resolve all issues with the bank amicably. There are 3 absolutely legal method, which allow you to reduce the interest on existing loans:

1. Debt restructuring.

2. Loan refinancing.

3. Loan repayment before the end of the term.

The first method is considered the most effective. Bank employees can enter into the position of the client if he informed them in time about the financial difficulties that had arisen. Then it is possible for the debtor to revise the payment schedule, or to provide special "holidays" for the loan. However, there must be really serious reasons for this. For example, deprivation of earnings and problems with finding suitable job, a serious illness, confirmed by medical certificates.

Refinancing consists in issuing a new loan on more favorable terms for the client than the old one. At the same time, you should avoid pitfalls and carefully study the conditions offered by the bank. For example, often the borrower is required to insure his life. Don't agree like that. Additional services, because then refinancing will not make sense, and no savings will be observed.

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Anyone can face difficult situations in their life. financial situation. This is especially difficult for people who have a valid loan. Is it possible to reduce the monthly payment and what if the bank does not make concessions?

In the practice of Russian lending, there are two ways to reduce monthly payments - restructuring and refinancing.

Restructuring

Restructuring involves changing the original terms of repayment of the loan. When restructuring, there is a decrease in monthly payments due to the extension of the loan term. At the same time, the interest rate remains stable. The disadvantage of this option for the borrower is an increase in the amount of overpayment on the loan.

To restructure a loan, you must apply to the bank with an application and provide documents confirming the inability to pay the loan according to the previous schedule. This, for example, illness or dismissal from work.

It is important to contact the bank before the delay occurs, otherwise the likelihood of refusal to restructure increases significantly. Sometimes the bank provides credit holidays” and allows you to temporarily pay only the interest on the loan or only the amount of the debt.

For example, the Bank of Moscow has the opportunity to arrange vacations for yourself or extend the loan term for consumer and car loans for up to 2 years, for mortgages - within a maximum period of up to 30 years. Raiffeisenbank offers to apply for restructuring online.

But banks are not always ready to restructure loans, since fines and delays are their additional income. If the bank refused, you can try to "refinance" in another bank or refinance the loan.

Refinancing

Refinancing allows you to get a loan from another bank on more favorable terms for the borrower. The goal can be either to reduce the amount of monthly payments, interest rates, or change the currency of the loan. The latter can be especially beneficial in the face of a strengthening ruble.

Today, up to 10% of total lending is accounted for by refinancing. Banks usually refinance loans with a term of more than 6 months. Sometimes among the requirements is listed - payments on loans must be made for at least a year. There are also restrictions on the balance of the debt - to refinance a loan with a balance of less than 30 thousand rubles. will not work.

Mortgage refinancing

The most popular type of refinancing loan is a mortgage. It only makes sense to refinance a mortgage until the five-year repayment period is reached and if the principal balance is greater than 30%.

The fact is that in most banks, the payment schedule is drawn up in such a way that in the first years it is mainly the interest on the loan that is paid off, and not the principal debt.

The benefit to the borrower may consist of both a reduction in the credit burden and a reduction in the rate. So, several years ago, mortgage rates were at the level of 18-20%, but now they are 11-13%. Thus, even with an increase in the loan term, the amount of overpayment may be lower.

The procedure for refinancing a mortgage is similar to obtaining the mortgage loan. The borrower is required to provide a complete package of documents:

• application form for refinancing;
• passports of the borrower and co-borrower;
• documents confirming income;
• pledge documents.

The decision is made by the bank within 5-12 days. For banks, such loans are less risky than original mortgage so failures are less common. The decision to refinance is influenced by financial condition the borrower, the absence of delays, as well as the property itself.

We must not forget about additional costs, which you will have to face when reissuing a mortgage - they can reach up to 45 thousand rubles. This, in particular, is a commission for issuing a new loan, re-registering a property, concluding a new insurance contract.

Despite the benefits of refinancing your mortgage, there may be some challenges. Yes, some loan agreements directly indicate a ban on refinancing, others allow it to be done only for a fee to the former creditor.

But banks that provide loans within the framework of refinancing help the borrower in solving this problem. In case of refusal of the previous creditor, they transfer money at the expense of the borrower, and he fully repays the previous loan and removes the encumbrance from the property.

1. Mortgage "Refinancing" from Alfa-Bank
Loan amount: from 1 million rubles. up to 60 million rubles
Loan rate: from 12.2 - 14%

2. Mortgage "Refinancing housing loans» from Sberbank
Loan amount: not more than the balance of the principal debt and 80% appraised value purchased housing.
Loan term: from 5 years to 25 years
Loan rate: from 13.25 – 14.75%.

3. Mortgage "Refinancing" from "Gazprombank"
Loan amount: from 300 thousand rubles. up to 45 million rubles
Loan term: up to 30 years
Loan rate: from 12.45 - 13.75%.

At the same time, banks, until the moment of registration of a new collateral, either take a guarantee or additional collateral as security, or temporarily increase the loan rate by 1-3%.

A number of lenders, in order to retain a borrower who plans to resort to refinancing, offer the client to reduce interest rates.

Refinancing of consumer loans

Some banks provide the possibility of refinancing consumer loans and credit cards. From the borrower, in addition to standard package documents, it is required to provide a certificate of the refinanced loan (containing the number and date of the agreement, interest rate, amount of monthly payments, debt balance, etc.), as well as a certificate from the account opened for refinancing.

Such a loan is not issued into the hands of the borrower, but is transferred immediately to his credit account.

1. Loan "Refinancing" from VTB24
Loan amount: from 30 thousand rubles. up to 1 million rubles
Term: from 6-60 months.
Rates: from 15-25%.
Remaining term of the loan: at least 3 months.

2. Loan "Refinancing" from "Rosselkhozbank"
Loan amount: up to 1 million rubles.
Term: up to 60 months.
Rates: from 18.5% (in the absence of insurance + 1.75%)

3. Loan "For the refinancing of external loans" from "Sberbank"
Sberbank is ready to refinance up to 5 loans simultaneously. Among them - consumer loans, car loans and credit cards.
Loan amount: from 15 to 1 million rubles.
Term: up to 60 months.
Rates: from 17% to 25.5% (rate 17% for up to a year in the amount of 150 thousand rubles)

There are also refinancing programs in MDM Bank (rate from 14.5%, amount - up to 750 thousand rubles), Rosbank (rate from 16.5-19.5%, in the amount of up to 1.5 million rubles).

The Raiffeisenbank refinancing program allows you to purchase a new car, while the old one is rented to a car dealership and the money for its sale is counted towards the first installment.