To overcome the muddy road near our own dacha, we build and strengthen the road with our own hands

About the two notorious Russian problems oh many have heard. And if it is practically useless to fight one of them, then the second, concerning the lack of roads, can be completely solved independently. This is very relevant on a relatively small scale related to one’s own suburban area and the surrounding area.

In this article we will look at ways that, with some effort, will allow us to strengthen the road and make access roads to a suburban area with our own hands.

Dimensions of a dirt road

Dirt road width common use must be sufficient for two to pass at the same time vehicles. Ideally, it should be 4...5 meters. If the road leads directly to the gate of your dacha, and only you will use it, then 2 meters wide will be enough for such a dacha path.

How to build a road with your own hands: an economical option based on crushed stone and slag

First, a little advice: if you do not want the construction of the road to fall entirely on your shoulders, and after that everyone who is not too lazy will start using it, it would be right to unite with your neighbors before constructing the dirt road and share with them financial, as well as related construction costs. expenses.

In order to get rid of dirt and slush, it is enough to cover the driveways with crushed stone, gravel, slag or asphalt chips. According to the experience of numerous builders, this option is quite practical, especially if it is implemented correctly.

Here's what one of our forum users writes about this method of arranging a dirt road.

PiZZa

My experience in building a road without the use of nanotechnology. 30-40 meters to the site actually lay through a swamp, which dried out at least by July.
How I made my way to the site with my own hands:

• A 1 m deep ditch was dug along a section of the road - an excavator (RUB 700);
• The dirt was spilling onto the road;
• One and a half KamAZ of large rubble (I was lucky - they changed the curbs in the city - practically a freebie) - 3-4 t. R;
• 3 KamAZ asphalt crumbs - 12 tr.

Total, approximately 16 tr. The road turned out to be no worse than in the city. The observation period is 4 years. No changes were noticed. Perhaps only a small rut from heavy equipment and unevenness from the uneven distribution of asphalt.

But this is a special case. To create a cheap dirt road with your own hands, a reliable and time-tested technology has long existed, and in most cases it will be correct to use it.

The construction of such a road is carried out in a certain sequence. First of all, a fertile (vegetative) layer 25-30 cm thick is removed from the soil surface. This is done using a grader or other specialized road-building equipment.

The result is a kind of trough, the bottom of which should be made in the form of a gable profile. This is done to drain rainwater from the roadway into small ditches formed along the edges of the future road.

The bottom of the profiled “trough” can be compacted with a soil roller, after which a sand cushion should be created on its surface. It is designed to improve the drainage qualities of the future road. The thickness of the sand layer should be 15–20 cm. The sand should be compacted and a layer of crushed stone should be laid on top of it. You can also use gravel, slag or asphalt chips as a top covering. The thickness of the top layer should be within 20 centimeters in the middle of the road and about 10 cm along its edges.

Layers of sand and top covering should be made in the form of a mound and care should be taken that these fractions do not fill the side drainage ditches.

How to strengthen the road at the dacha

After carrying out the listed activities, the dirt road to your suburban area can be considered ready. All that remains is to compact its surface with a roller or, on extreme case, a freight transport that was used to transport gravel. Although this type of ground covering is relatively reliable, its durability may be questioned (especially under intensive operating conditions) and will soon require repairs. Here's what our forum member says about this.

mama User FORUMHOUSE

Crushed stone fraction 40-70 10 cm went into the ground after spring, I am observing the second season. It’s about the same with secondary crushed stone. The car doesn’t get bogged down, but the soul is no longer happy, walking is dirty.

At FORUMHOUSE you will learn how to do it yourself and who should pay for it in a holiday village.

Conclusion: in order for bulk coatings not to spread over time, and their layers to be clearly separated from each other, it is correct to use more advanced, but also more expensive technologies. They require the use of materials such as geogrid or volumetric geogrid.

How to build a dirt road correctly - use geotextiles

Geotextile (doronite) is a special synthetic fabric used in road construction to separate bulk layers. It is highly durable and easily allows moisture to pass through. If the foundation of the future road lies on hard and stable soil, then during its construction you can get by using geotextiles and bulk materials listed in the previous chapter. Geotextiles are spread on clean and compacted soil, after which they are covered with a layer of sand and gravel (crushed stone, slag or asphalt chips can be used instead of gravel). This avoids mixing the underlying soil with the bulk layers. As a result, the gravel will not mix with dirt, and the road is guaranteed to serve you for several years without much repair. It will be easy to drive on it in both dry and rainy weather.

The construction industry is not only about buildings and structures. It is much broader and also includes the construction and repair of roads, bridges, tunnels and other means of communication. Many people like to joke that in Russia the asphalt disappears along with the snow. But in reality, severe weather conditions greatly affect road surfaces. Russia has made significant progress in road construction over the past last years, but this area still remains very relevant, and accordingly, road construction specialists are extremely in demand.

In this article:

Reasons to choose a career in the construction industry

In the first part of the article about construction professions, we described in detail the advantages of working in this field. In addition to being a very lucrative and respected profession, it is in high demand. Road construction specialists are needed absolutely everywhere. As cities expand and new settlements form, the first thing that is needed is communication routes. Without roads, no other construction will make sense.

At the same time, road construction involves the development of new technologies and materials that will be effective for our climate: high humidity, severe frosts, sudden temperature changes. This will be taught at universities of transport and construction universities. Road construction can be divided into:

• Construction highways
• Construction of railway tracks
• Bridge construction

Road construction

Construction of highways

IN different countries Waste materials are used for road construction, which significantly saves money and solves the issue of recycling. For example, in China, 6 million tons of construction waste were used to build the foundation of one expressway, which saved $47 million, 3.4 million cubic meters of sand, 32 tons of coal and 200 hectares of land that were needed for waste disposal.

In Holland, they are building a road surface from plastic waste caught from the oceans. This method helps not only to save on asphalt, but also to solve the problem of pollution environment and waste disposal. This technology has proven itself well for the construction of pedestrian areas, since for highways plastic does not provide good traction, especially during rain.

In America, recycled old rubber tires have long been successfully used for road construction. This increases grip and reduces braking distance by 15%. This method also helps to improve the environment by recycling old tires.

In 2018, 684.5 billion rubles were allocated for road infrastructure. New technologies are also being introduced in Russia, which you can master by enrolling in a university of communications. You will have a highly paid, in-demand profession and future prospects.

Road junction planning

Construction of railway tracks

We live in the largest country on the planet. Transportation of large cargo is more profitable and faster by rail than by road. And traveling by train is much more comfortable than by car. Therefore, railway communication has a huge role for transportation.

Construction technologies railways differ significantly from highway technologies. Railway construction work is physically demanding and is more suitable for men. It is carried out outdoors in any weather, so your health must be good.

Basically, professions in railway construction are associated with engineering specialties, such as: railway engineer, design engineer, explosives engineer, railway operation engineer, and others. Therefore, if you love physics and mathematics, this profession is for you.

Railway construction

Bridge construction

Our greatest common pride in bridge construction is the Crimean Bridge, which is considered the longest in Russia and Europe. It was a global project on which thousands of builders and engineers worked. These professionals created an engineering masterpiece in just 2 years, which was very difficult.

And this means that our construction universities graduate specialists high level training that can compete with many Western builders. If you want to participate in the creation of such grandiose construction projects, choose transport universities.

Construction of the Crimean Bridge

The specialists needed for any road and pavement construction

The construction of roads, railways, bridges and tunnels is not complete without the following specialists:

1. is engaged in the development of basic design solutions, design and working documentation, participates in the collection and analysis of initial data for design, performs complex drawings and calculations. average salary civil engineer - 60,000 - 70,000 rubles.
2. Construction technician- is a specialist who develops and designs roads and airfields, designs project documentation, makes calculations of technical and economic indicators of construction. The average salary of a construction technician is 50,000 rubles.
3. Asphalt concrete worker is a specialist in laying concrete and asphalt. The average salary is 25,000 - 30,000 rubles.
4. Road worker works directly on road construction. He is also called a road builder. The average salary of a road worker is 25,000 - 30,000 rubles.
5. Bulldozer driver from the name it is clear that this is a bulldozer driver on construction work. His salary is on average 55,000 - 60,000 rubles.

In order to start your career in road construction, it will be enough to graduate from a road traffic college and start earning good money. If you want to improve your skills, you can continue your studies at a construction university and become an engineer. In the future, you can grow to chief engineer and receive from 100,000 rubles per month.

List of railway universities

Traffic specialties offer 2 specialist training programs, which you can study at the following universities:

List of traffic colleges and specialties

If you decide to start your journey into road construction with secondary vocational education, check out the list of specialties and colleges:

Name of specialty	College
01/08/23 Brigadier-traveler	Novosibirsk College of Transport Technologies named after N.A. Lunina
02/08/05 Construction and operation of roads and airfields	Ekaterinburg Automobile and Highway College
	Moscow Automobile and Highway College named after A.A. Nikolaev (MADC)
	Novosibirsk College of Automotive and Road Maintenance
02/08/06 Construction and operation of urban transport routes	Academy of Urban Environment Management, Urban Planning and Printing
	Moscow College of Architecture and Urban Planning (MCAG)
02/08/10 Construction of railways, track and track facilities	Yekaterinburg College of Transport Construction
	College of Railway Transport of the Ural State University of Transport (UrGUPS)
	College branch of SamGUPS in Nizhny Novgorod
	Kyzyl Transport College
	Novosibirsk College of Railway Transport of the Siberian State University of Transport (SGUPS)
	St. Petersburg College of Railway Transport
	Ural Railway College

By choosing a construction specialty, you definitely won’t go wrong. You will have good prospects for development and career growth. In order to start working in road construction, it is enough to graduate from a motor transport college, and you can immediately start working and earn good money. If you decide not to stop there, then railway universities will improve your qualifications, and you are guaranteed to become a sought-after employee with a high salary.

Since the topic of road construction is considered one of the two ill-fated Russian problems, then it deserves more than close attention. Residents of the Russian outback and residents of numerous holiday villages will especially agree with this. Sometimes the most burning question for them is the following: who should build roads in their hometown?

A detailed answer to this can be obtained by referring to paragraph 5 of Chapter 1 of Article 14 Federal Law dated 06.10.2003 N 131-FZ “On general principles organization of local self-government in the Russian Federation." It clearly states that the construction of public roads (this also applies to stops and other engineering structures) within a populated area is the prerogative local administration. Moreover, it must be carried out at the expense of funds local budget. It is a completely different matter if local governments are trying their best to delay the unforgettable moment that represents the completion of construction. In such cases it is quite possible to obtain judgment turning stories of scarcity budget funds as a naive excuse. But sometimes you have to try hard for this.

Beetle member FORUMHOUSE

And the question of who should build roads in rural settlement(not in SNT or DNP) - not a question: of course, the administration. There is another question - timing. In what time frame and what kind of roads should be built by the administration of the rural settlement.

What to do to make the administration hear you

In order for the heads of local settlements not to remain aloof from your problem related to the construction of a public road, remember: never waste time corresponding with such people. Having received the first notification about the impossibility of resolving the issue “in an amicable way,” contact the servants of Themis. This is what our forum member, who has considerable experience in solving such issues, thinks about solving this problem.

tor28 FORUMHOUSE member

I would generally send their reply to the prosecutor’s office with a complaint. Corresponding with them is a waste of time. If you do write to them, then, of course, it should be addressed to the head. Must be sent by registered mail with notice. To quickly receive a new unsubscribe, you can duplicate it with soap.

So here's what we have. If roads, ramps and similar structures (for example, bridges) are shown on the plan of a populated area, then all of them must be built and maintained using the funds and efforts of the local administration. Of course, no one argues that these efforts are always very extended over time.

All of the above fully applies to roads that provide direct access to the site. They are also called exits from public roads.

But pay attention again! One can only hope for some action on the part of the administration if the roads have already been marked on the general layout.

If not, here's an opinion worth considering.

Dozen member FORUMHOUSE

When the administration allocated plots to you, it had to include in the project where the roads should be. It is necessary to “shake” the administration about where the roads should be.

At this stage, in principle, there should be no problems. Moreover, land plot with capital buildings or the right to erect them must be provided with access to it. This is stated in Article 27 of the Federal Law of July 24, 2007 No. 221-FZ “On state cadastre real estate."

And this is exactly the case when the administration will most likely meet the residents halfway. If not, then no one has yet canceled the possibility of contacting the prosecutor’s office.

For those who want to build a road on their own

Some residents of small villages, who are tired of knocking on the doorsteps of the administration, decide to build a public road on their own. Almost always such a step is economically unjustified.

Indeed, well, think for yourself, where does construction begin? From the development of the project, from the creation of design estimates - with further approval of all documents in government agencies at various levels. And this is just a list of “paper” work that precedes labor-intensive construction. What can you expect after all this trouble is over? This may not always turn out to be something good. For example, responsibility for any accident that occurs on this road can easily fall on the shoulders of the builders themselves. Even this fact alone will be enough for many readers to seriously think about the feasibility of such an undertaking.

We conclude: no matter how hardworking you and your like-minded people are, the best thing to do is to force local governments to fulfill their direct responsibilities to provide the settlement with high-quality and reliable roads.

To ensure that your own success in the fight against bureaucratic obstacles does not leave you in doubt, read Article 15 of the Federal Law Russian Federation dated November 8, 2007 No. 257-FZ. It says that inaction officials, responsible for activities in the field of construction and operation of highways, these days can be severely punished by law.

For those who, despite everything, decided to build, there is a suitable article on our website. If someone wants to “measure their strength” with representatives of the local administration, then it will be useful for him to visit the section dedicated to road construction. And you can take part in discussions on the topic “” in the appropriate section. For everyone who wants to take part in equally interesting discussions on the presented topics, we have opened the “” section.

A poor man from Bihar literally made the mountains part. Dashrath Manjhi, a landless resident of the small village of Gehlor, located in northern India near the city of Gaya, single-handedly cut a road right through the rock. For many centuries, the local population was forced to vegetate in isolation due to the peculiarities of the natural landscape. The culprits of the troubles were the mountains that separated the village from the developed area of ​​​​Wazirganj, where schools and hospitals were located. Moreover, only there the majority of community members could find at least some kind of work. Dashrath was no exception. Every day he, like everyone else, had to travel along a narrow mountain path to his workplace, children to school, women to market. Well, if someone became seriously ill, the unfortunate person was forced to take a 75 km detour to the nearest doctor.

His wife Falguni also used the same dangerous route to bring her husband lunch by noon. But one day she appeared before him all in tears and empty-handed. It turned out that while overcoming a steep descent once again, she fell and was seriously injured, and lost all her luggage into the cliff. Soon after this incident, Falguni fell ill and died suddenly. They simply didn’t manage to get her to the hospital in time. After this terrible blow, Dashrath's patience came to an end. After all, we were talking about the woman he loved, whom he lost overnight.

In 1960, a 26-year-old stubborn man decided to independently build a short, and most importantly safe road through the hated mountain, so that it could no longer cause misfortune to anyone. Did he know then that this would take him 22 years of his life? He sold several goats - the only wealth he owned, and with the proceeds he bought a hammer, a chisel and several crowbars.

At first, the neighbors only laughed at him and called him crazy, but later they appreciated the good intentions and perseverance of their fellow villager, began to feed him and even helped him buy new tools. Thanks to their help, Dashrath was able to finally quit his previous job and switched to fighting the mountain. In 1982, he finally won the main battle of his life. Almost with his bare hands, he carved out a road 110 m long, 9.1 m wide and 7.6 m high in the rock. It still faithfully serves the residents of more than fifty godforsaken villages, shortening the path between the Atri and Wazirganj districts in total up to several kilometers.

After Dashrath's death in 2007 from cancer in a top hospital in New Delhi, the Bihar state government built two small access roads, which he had so requested during his lifetime. An annual two-day holiday was also established in honor of the hero. Based on this story, an Indian film company made a feature film about a man who destroyed a mountain in the name of love. The film, titled “Manjhi - the mountain man,” will first appear on screens on August 21.

Road for bachelors

Another amazing incident related to road construction occurred in 2009. And again in India in the same state of Bihar. The cause of the commotion was a real revolution - the “revolt of bachelors.” About 1.5 thousand people from the village of Barvaan Kala, lost high in the mountains among the jungle, with outside world Only paths connected. In earlier times this was nothing unusual. The men of the village easily found wives in neighboring settlements and transported them to their homes.

With the advent of civilization, everything changed. Women increasingly agreed to move to the wilderness, where there is not a single teacher, and the nearest hospital and police station are located 45 km away. And later they began to completely refuse to marry forest hermits. Year by year, the number of unemployed bachelors aged between 16 and 80 years in Barwaan Kala has been growing alarmingly. The government refused to build a road only 6 km long, under the guise that its construction through the lands of the state reserve was impossible.

In 2005, during the election campaign, one of the officials promised not to get married until he achieved a road for a bachelor village. But as often happens, having taken up his post, he immediately forgot about his words and celebrated a magnificent wedding. And one day, more than a hundred potential suitors realized that they would have to realize their dream of the “road of love” on their own. They set to work together, armed with shovels, hammers and chisels. The state authorities immediately bombarded them with accusations of violating environmental laws, but they did not pay any attention to this. It became theirs to bring weddings back to the village main goal. After all, the last such joyful event was celebrated here almost 50 years ago.

In just 1.5 months of almost round-the-clock work, the restless bachelors built 3 km of road. Some paved the way, others crushed boulders, and others paved the foundation with stones. The remaining 3 km were also completed in record time. And now at least 10 thousand residents of not only Barvaan Kala, but also neighboring villages use the “bachelor's road”. After all, it shortened the path to civilization from the previous 40 km to only 6 km. So once again love proved to the world that it is not afraid of any obstacles.

For grandma's million

One of the main problems of Russia, as we know, is roads, or rather the lack thereof. Fortunately, our country also has its own heroes who care about this disaster. A simple farmer from the village of Preobrazhenka, Cherlak district, Omsk region, Vasily Zagorodny, is proof of this. On own funds he built an asphalt road that connected his village with the ferry crossing. Everyone was pretty tired of the old primer. During muddy times, it turned into an insurmountable obstacle for any type of transport except a tractor.

The inspiration for the project was the grandmother of a local hero. From the age of 14 she worked on a collective farm, but apart from certificates and gratitude, she saved nothing for her hard many years of work. Shortly before her death, the state allocated her about a million rubles as compensation for her work on the home front during the Second World War. And the grandmother immediately bequeathed them to her grandson, strictly ordering him to build a road on them, which she had dreamed of all her life. Unfortunately, she herself did not see how her dream came true. But the grandson did not disappoint. He kept his promise. Despite the fact that in addition to his grandmother’s million, he had to invest approximately the same amount of his own personal money into the construction. A brand new asphalt road 1300 m long and 4.5 m wide was built in just 10 days. All local residents participated in the work to the best of their ability; there are about 200 of them in Preobrazhenka. The head of the settlement helped as best he could, paying for four days of work for the grader.

When everything was ready, the village held a real celebration with a concert program in June last year. Like in the good old days, everyone gathered at a common laid table to celebrate a grandiose local event. The only question a little worried the main character of this celebration, Vasily Zagorodniy: will the district authorities take the road into account, because he built it without official permission. In any case, he himself pledged to monitor the condition of the roadway in the future as much as possible. This is how a simple farmer, who, among other things, also provides work for several dozen of his fellow villagers, gave people a road at the suggestion of his beloved grandmother.

Hello road workers

But 62-year-old Briton Mike Watts built his road last summer for a completely different reason. The motive was not his selflessness. As soon as the section of the highway between the cities of Bath and Bristol was closed due to a collapse in February 2014, he realized that he could make some money on it. They relied on the sluggishness of the UK road services - they promised to restore normal traffic only by Christmas. So Mike became the first private person in more than a hundred years to build toll road In Great Britain.

The construction took only ten days and the strength of three hired workers. The 365-meter detour with a 7-meter width passed through land he rented from a local farmer. Mike invested 150 thousand pounds in his brainchild, the same amount he spent on maintaining the road in working condition and on the salaries of two employees. Locals, having no alternative, they gladly began to use the route of the newly-minted road tycoon - otherwise they would have needed to make a detour 22.5 km long.

According to Mike's calculations, by the time the repaired section of the highway was put into operation, he should have returned all the investments made and increased his capital. But local authorities unexpectedly changed their plans, found the funds needed for repairs ahead of schedule, and the road opened a full five weeks earlier. So unlucky Mike only helped his fellow countrymen survive difficult times off-road, and for the authorities to reduce the degree of social tension. The unfortunate businessman himself found himself on the verge of bankruptcy, because with the consent of his wife, he mortgaged the house for his project.

How the wind blew away

But a completely egregious incident occurred in 2013 in the Komi Republic, when a 40-year-old resident of the city of Syktyvkar simply stole the road leading from the village of Parcheg, Syktyvdinsky district, to the Vychegda River. Perhaps this theft would never have been solved, but the vigilance of the traffic police helped. At night they detained three suspiciously overloaded trucks without accompanying documents. The drivers did not deny it and immediately told everything as if in spirit. A quick check confirmed that the attacker, under the cover of darkness, using a manipulator, had indeed dismantled the entire road, which consisted of 82 reinforced concrete slabs. Damage to the state exceeded 200 thousand rubles.

You can remember such stories a large number of both in Russia and abroad. But no one will ever say a single kind word about the hunters for easy money, but those who, despite all the obstacles and difficulties, selflessly paved new roads in the name of people and for their benefit, will be remembered for years.

P.S.: Tell us in the comments what handmade roads or crossings you encountered.

You can think about your dream car for a long time and even buy it one day. But the joy of owning it can be ruined... by broken roads or a complete lack of roads. The heroes of this article are people who could not put up with such a formulation of the question. They all adhered to the principle “if you want to do something better, do it yourself.” And it seems they succeeded. We are publishing a selection of stories in which a person built roads and thereby even saved the lives of others. However, it was not without selfish motives.