Mortgage loans offered by numerous banks, like any other product where there is a choice, hide certain differences that ultimately promise savings or overspending for the borrower.

To choose the right mortgage program, you need to initially answer the following questions:

1. What is the purpose of the loan? Purchasing an apartment on the primary or secondary housing market? (The approach to finding a mortgage depends on this; it is fundamentally different). Or purchasing a house with land, plot, room, townhouse, etc.?
2. Which an initial fee can you pay?
3. For how long do you want to take out a loan?
4. Is a loan secured by your existing property acceptable to you?
5. What is profitable - floating or fixed interest rate? What is she like now?
6. Which payment is more convenient – ​​differentiated or annuity? And this is not a complete list of questions, answers to which you should definitely find out.
7. Can I find a mortgage myself?

Of course, you can choose a mortgage yourself. But this requires: time, patience, knowledge supported by practice. For a quality choice, you will have to call 10-15 banks (preferably no less), wait for them to answer the phone, explain the purpose of your call, then the call center operator will transfer your call somewhere else, you will have to answer the same questions again as the operator . In practice, it turns out that a potential borrower can make 3-4 calls at most. With this approach, after spending time and effort, you decide on a loan, but its terms may not be the most favorable.

The result of the meticulous work of taco specialists is that they offer their clients the most profitable mortgage products, which include:

• minimum costs before receiving a loan;
• rational interest rate for using a mortgage;
• possibility of a mortgage without a down payment;
• receiving 2NDFL without a certificate;
• mortgages for individual entrepreneurs and business owners;
• obtaining a loan secured by existing real estate;
• use of maternity capital;
• early repayment;
• refinancing.

Improvement living conditions is a basic need for everyone modern man. Mortgage lending programs in banks can solve the problem of almost every person. Of course, there are basic requirements for borrowers, such as a permanent place of employment, a certain length of service and size monthly income. But in many situations, citizens of our country have the right to receive financial support from the state.

In this material we will consider the main mortgage lending programs in the housing sector. Which banks provide the most favorable and comfortable conditions for potential borrowers. Advice will also be given on how to apply for participation in various government support programs.

Main types of modern mortgage loans

First, let's look at the main types of financial products offered by banks without state support and participation. These types mortgage loans include the following offers:

• standard loan with a down payment and a weighted average interest rate;
• loan without down payment;
• financing the purchase of a new property secured by an existing one;
• A loan with deferred payments, in the first year the borrower pays only the accrued interest.

Also mortgage credit programs are divided according to the type of monthly payments:

1. annuity payments (interest on the use of borrowed funds is calculated immediately for the entire term of the mortgage, then they are added to the principal body of the debt, and the resulting amount is divided by the amount provided for by the agreement monthly fees);
2. differentiated system (interest is charged on the actual remaining amount of the debt, therefore monthly payment is not fixed, as in the case of an annuity scheme, but constantly decreasing).

The next parameter for classifying residential mortgage loans is the type of property being purchased. A mortgage can be issued for the purchase of the following objects:

• apartment in a secondary housing stock (please note that a new building registered in the state Companies House and put into operation, is already considered a secondary housing stock);
• on share in residential multi-storey construction under a standard DDU agreement;
• to a finished residential building or cottage located on a separate plot of land;
• for construction country house or a cottage built on a separate plot of land;
• share in a townhouse;
• garage, parking, underground parking;
• office or retail commercial space.

All these types of mortgage housing loans can be issued on different conditions. Standard scheme: making a down payment and providing certificates confirming the availability of monthly income. Also for these types of loans it is required compulsory insurance the purchased property. The borrower will have to assess the market liquid value of the apartment or house at his own expense and pay for all types of state duty and rent a safe deposit box. These types of additional financial expenses should be anticipated in advance.

Types of mortgages with government support

Now let’s look at the current types of mortgages with support from the state. First of all, it is worth highlighting social housing lending. It can be used by low-income citizens. Military mortgages and the Young Family support program are also very popular. Now let’s look at all the intricacies of these types of programs.

Social mortgage lending program

The state is concerned about the housing conditions of low-income and socially vulnerable categories of citizens. They do not have their own housing or are forced to live in municipal housing in violation of all existing social and hygienic standards. Therefore there is a special social program mortgage lending. It consists of the following provisions:

• citizens in need of improved housing conditions should receive low-income status;
• then in housing department you need to get on the waiting list to improve your living conditions;
• then the municipality makes a decision, either gives a certificate stating that the state undertakes to pay interest on the mortgage loan, or enters into an agreement with the citizen social hiring.

In the first case, you will need to have your own cash for making them as a down payment on a mortgage. When concluding a social rental agreement, a citizen has the opportunity to subsequently privatize housing (if he has not previously participated in privatization).

Social housing is built using budget funds and is intended to satisfy citizens queuing for improved housing conditions. But issuing a social mortgage is a more acceptable and faster solution.

The social mortgage lending program can be used by low-income citizens, public sector employees, young professionals, spouses with many children, people living in dilapidated housing, etc.

Mortgage for a young family

Mortgages to improve living conditions for a young family are provided on very favorable terms. There are two directions at work here at once. In Sberbank, VTB and a number of other large financial institutions with the support of the housing mortgage lending agency, special financial products called "Mortgage for a young family." This mortgage program provides the maximum profitable terms in the form of a long term loan, minimum size down payment, reduced annual interest rate. Young borrowers are subject to loyal requirements, minimum work experience, lack of large monthly income, etc. are allowed.

The most important advantage of the “Young Family” mortgage housing program is the ability to use the funds provided by the face value of various certificates to make a down payment or to repay the loan amount early.

And this is the second direction of government support. There is a program under which every Russian family can join the “Young Family” program. To participate, the age of at least one spouse must not exceed 34 years at the time of receipt of the certificate. For each family member, a certificate is issued with the denomination required to purchase a certain quantity square meters. The amount of money is calculated based on the market realities of the city in which the young family lives. Thanks to the “Young Family” certificate, you can close more than ¾ of your mortgage early.

Military mortgage

A military mortgage is a measure of social housing support from the state for all military personnel who have entered into a contract. In 2020, this program will completely replace all currently existing types of improving the living conditions of military personnel.

Action military mortgage was started in 2005. The program consists of opening a personal savings account in the savings mortgage lending system for each warrant officer or officer. Within the first three days, contributions are received into this account in the amount approved by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. After three years, the serviceman can use these funds as a down payment to obtain a mortgage to purchase an apartment.

The purchase of an apartment can be carried out in any locality Russian Federation. The purchased property is the sole and undivided property. In the event of a divorce, the military spouse does not have any property rights, and the apartment is not subject to division by court.

After obtaining a military mortgage, a serviceman is required to serve for at least 20 years. During this period, the entire amount of the mortgage loan is repaid by the state. Maximum size mortgage is 2,600,000 rubles. This is the price you should look for an apartment for.

It is allowed to involve a spouse as a co-borrower. In this case, the amount of the mortgage loan increases, and the purchased apartment becomes joint property. You can also increase the cost by making a down payment from your own accumulated funds.

These are not all mortgage home lending programs. Availability needs to be checked special conditions lending at residential mortgage lending agencies at your place of residence. AHML has all the latest information on all conditions of mortgage lending in the region. Contact their offices and get professional advice completely free of charge.

Look at the video review of mortgage housing programs in modern banks:

A mortgage can be provided by a bank on a commercial basis. In this case, you should contact the appropriate bank and carefully read the terms of the loan.

According to the information site - Mortgage online, there is also social mortgage. It is provided by the state in the form of subsidies, preferential real estate prices or reduced interest rates. However, it is worth understanding that not all categories of citizens can qualify for participation in such a program. Sufficient evidence must be provided to demonstrate that there is indeed a need for such assistance. This may be a certificate stating that a person or family lives in an apartment with an area that does not meet standard standards.

Type of property, interest rates, down payment

The interest rate and mortgage terms in banks directly depend on the market in which you plan to purchase housing. It is generally accepted that a loan for housing on the secondary market is less risky for the borrower and is somewhat cheaper. On the other hand, housing purchased during the construction phase also allows you to save money. Therefore, the secondary is increasingly fading into the background. The main disadvantage of a loan for new housing is that not all banks work with this type of real estate. Often, only two or three banks can provide a loan on one property.

Floating interest rates are a lottery game. Many people take out a mortgage with this type of rate, hoping that over time there may be changes in the real estate market and the interest rate will decrease. Is it worth counting on such miracles if the issue concerns large sums of money. There is still an opinion that it is not far financial crisis, which will only provoke an increase in interest rates. The first option is chosen by those who are willing to take risks or plan to pay off their mortgage in the near future without considering long-term prospects.

Most banks are ready to provide a mortgage of a maximum of 90% of total cost purchases. But borrowing such amounts is quite risky for the borrower. You need to soberly assess your financial capabilities, in particular your ability to pay all fees on time. In addition, to obtain a loan in this case, you will need to pledge existing property. To avoid unnecessary risks, people prefer to take smaller amounts as collateral. The smaller the loan, the more realistic it is to repay it in a short time and avoid unforeseen situations.

Public government subsidies

When choosing a mortgage, it is worth remembering that young borrowers can use government payments in the form of maternity capital. This good way get real support when buying real estate. In particular, many commercial banks provide the opportunity to use maternal capital for a down payment on a mortgage. Practice shows that this is tangible help. However, not all banks work with such schemes. First you need to find out all the terms of the mortgage, methods of repayment, and discuss the topic of maternity capital.

These questions are not exhaustive when choosing a mortgage. These are only the first steps that will help you correctly navigate in this direction. Having decided on this part, you can form the minimum amount of knowledge necessary to obtain a loan to purchase real estate. You can expand your knowledge by carefully studying the offers of banks and receiving necessary information from a mortgage consultant.

Commercial banks offer loans with different conditions. If you have overdue loans, you can check and correct your credit history. If at the initial stage you decide on your financial capabilities and requirements, it will be easier not to get confused with offers and choose a truly suitable mortgage.

The question of receiving additional benefits, tariff features, and the presence of commissions is important. You need to carefully study the conditions for obtaining a mortgage, familiarize yourself with loan agreement and other features of the loan. A rational approach in this matter will be an excellent assistant.

Welcome! Selecting a mortgage is a very serious process. Usually, average term payments in Russia are 8-8 years. During this time, anything can happen. To make the right decision and choose mortgage Individually tailored to your needs, we recommend that you read this post to the end.

Selecting a mortgage loan consists of a number of steps that must be followed. Otherwise, you risk missing out on more profitable proposition on the market or receive it securely instead mortgage partner(bank) a big problem.

A simple example. You receive a salary from Otkritie Bank. The rate on a new building is there for salary project 12%. If you decide to buy an apartment for 3,000,000 with a down payment of 20% for 20 years, then the monthly payment will be 26,426.07 and the total overpayment for the entire period will be 3,942,256.13. At the same time, if you had looked at other mortgage options, you could have found a rate of 10.4% at Sberbank. Then you would already have a payment of 23800.12 and an overpayment of 3312028.74. Agree that it makes sense to spend some time and choose the right mortgage program and transfer money to another bank once a month to save 630,000.

Right choice Mortgages take place in the following steps:

1. Decide on the object of lending;
2. Specify special programs and current state support programs;
3. Understand what funds you have for a down payment;
4. Find out what your credit history is
5. See how much loan you need;
6. Analyze the bank’s conditions and requirements for the borrower;
7. Calculate the payment and required income;
8. Finally decide on the loan term;
9. Pick up profitable way submitting an application.

Lending object

Before you even bother with a mortgage, understand what you need to buy. Currently, the following residential properties can be purchased with a mortgage:

1. Apartments;

We wrote about all these lending options earlier. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with them. The fact is that each property has its own lending characteristics and bank requirements for the property and the borrower. Just click on desired object and read the detailed article.

Once you decide on the object type, you can move on to the next step.

Special programs to support mortgage borrowers

There are a number of programs that help you get a mortgage for preferential terms. This list includes:

1. - support for military personnel. The state will pay the mortgage for the military man and provide money for the down payment;
2. — benefits on interest and down payment for families under 35 years of age;
3. – support for families with two or more children;
4. – support for preferential rates and down payments for citizens of socially significant professions.

On our website you can familiarize yourself with the terms and conditions of these programs. There are certain requirements for participants. If you qualify, you can count on more favorable conditions and additional support measures in paying off your mortgage.

Down payment

The topic of the down payment is very important. You must have some savings on hand. The amount of money you have will determine not only the size of the loan, but also the interest rate, as well as, in general, the likelihood of getting a mortgage.

Currently mortgages are provided by:

1. No down payment;
2. With a low down payment of 5-10%;
3. Standard mortgage 15-20% PV;
4. Simplified mortgage with a down payment of 30-50%.

Amount of credit

Look at the market to see how much your property is worth. Compare this with the money you have on hand. Their difference will make it clear how much loan you need.

It is worth understanding that the bank has its own requirements for the maximum and minimum loan amount. See the summary table for this parameter.

Bank	Minimum mortgage amount, rubles	Maximum mortgage amount, rubles	Nuances
Sberbank	300000	15000000	Increased mortgage amount the bank gives for the purchase of housing in Moscow, St. Petersburg and relevant areas
VTB 24	600000	60000000	It is possible to purchase housing under construction, finished or already mortgaged in the bank
Raiffeisenbank	500000	26000000	For the Moscow region the minimum has been increased to 800,000 rubles
VTB Bank of Moscow	600000	8000000	The maximum is the same for all lending programs
Gazprombank	500000	45000000	Minimum - not less than 15% of the total cost of the loaned object
DeltaCredit Bank	300000	20000000	For Moscow, the first payment is 600,000
Rosselkhozbank	100000	20000000	The amount and rate are the same for the primary and secondary markets
Bank "Saint-Petersburg	500000	30000000	To obtain maximum funds, it is necessary that the mortgage be issued for already completed housing (resale) for a shortened period of no more than 15 years
Bank "Revival	300000	30000000	Down payment up to 80% is allowed
Absolut Bank	300000	20000000	One size for primary and secondary markets

Payment and income

After you have chosen the program and the bank, you need to calculate payments. There are two fundamentally different types of payments:

1. Annuity.
2. Differentiated.

The first allows you to pay in equal payments and increases the likelihood of positive approval even with a low income. The second allows you to save money, but at the same time, the first payments will be quite large - you may not meet your income.

For calculations, use ours. It supports both types of these payments and also has calculation functions early repayment under different parameters.

We wrote in more detail about what it should be like earlier.

Mortgage term

To achieve the required amount of income, you need to play with the loan term. Long-term allows you to reduce the amount of the monthly payment, and this directly affects approval.

Don't overestimate your strength regarding monthly expenses. A lot of important events for your budget can happen in life: marriage, the birth of a child, dismissal from work, loss of ability to work and loss of loved ones. All of this can dramatically impact your ability to pay.

Don't be afraid to take out a loan for a long term. Give yourself some wiggle room. Do minimum payment due to the long term, which will not bother you. When they appear available funds, just make early repayments in large amounts. The bank will recalculate your interest.

Important! Has already positive decisions courts in relation to claims of borrowers against banks for overpaid interest, which close the loan ahead of schedule using the annuity method of repayment. Sign up for free consultation contact our lawyer to find out the likelihood of suing the bank for a tidy sum.

Filing an application

When the choice of several banks has been made, you should submit an application. The classic option is to collect all necessary documents and a trip to the bank. But here there are a number of nuances that allow you to save:

1. A number of bank partners (developers and real estate agencies) offer discounts on mortgage interest, and also have preferences for the down payment. Check with your home seller to see if such partners exist.
2. A remote application on the bank’s website brings additional discount on interest.
3. – has knowledge of most mortgage programs on the market, allows you to save time on trips to banks and gives certain mortgage preferences for your clients.

Now we are waiting for your questions in the comments. You probably have them. We would be grateful for rating the article and reposting it on in social networks and a subscription to our project. We hope that choosing a loan using our service will be quite comfortable.

Mortgages have long been familiar to everyone and, today, are quite widespread, because for the majority of the population it is practically the only opportunity to purchase housing.

A huge number of banks offer dozens of developed schemes under which you can take out a loan to purchase real estate.

But, as you know, any financial transaction involves a certain risk. How to choose the right mortgage program so as not to lose in the end?

Mortgage is a system of long-term loans issued for the purchase of a particular type of housing,

in this case, the purchased real estate itself acts as collateral. Currently, our country has a federal mortgage lending program created by the government, the conditions of which are the same throughout Russia. And, if some banks, having received accreditation from Federal agency on mortgage housing lending, issue loans for the purchase of real estate only within the framework of this program, while others work according to their own developed financial schemes and offer slightly different mortgage terms. Of course, such developments only slightly expand or narrow the basic requirements federal program, namely, depending on the assessed risk, the bank increases or decreases the term and size of the loan, down payment, annual rate and other components. Thus, in all the variety of existing mortgage programs, it is not at all difficult to get confused and confused. Therefore, in this difficult matter, you need to slowly figure everything out so that in the end it does not cause excruciating pain...

All banks work according to the same schemes,

but in some financial structures choice credit products diverse and wide, in others it is modest and for many borrowers not entirely convenient. Mortgage programs are developed focusing on following criteria, namely, the target market, the size, term and currency of the loan, the down payment, the annual interest rate, the time of consideration of the application and the amount of all additional expenses to receive a loan. Thus, in accordance with each of the criteria, having decided on the most important parameters for you, you can choose the optimal mortgage program.

And first of all, you must soberly and impartially assess your capabilities, and, based on this, choose the type of housing available to you. In addition, having chosen a particular mortgage bank, find out whether it is ready to lend to borrowers of your age, and also pay attention to the requirements for work experience, your income level and how to confirm it. For example, some banks issue loans only to persons over the age of 21, although the Russian Mortgage Bank agrees to lend to any adult Russian citizen who has official confirmation of monthly income.

Using a mortgage loan, you can purchase an apartment, both in a new building and on the secondary housing market, as well as buy ready-made cottage or use all the funds received to build a country house. IN in this case, it is necessary to take into account that for each type of housing, many banks usually develop different programs regarding the down payment and the annual interest rate. Minimum purchase deposit individual houses is 30-40% of the cost of housing, and for apartments in new buildings or on the secondary market it does not exceed 15-20%. As for the interest rate, in the primary real estate market it will be 2% higher than in mortgage lending programs for the secondary housing market.

So, if the conversation turns to the down payment and the annual interest rate,

then it is worth saying that these points need to be given close attention. The down payment is the amount that the borrower must pay on his own (the remaining money, accordingly, is already contributed by the bank). The standard contribution is 30%, but, depending on the property being purchased and the mortgage program of a particular bank, it can range from 10 to 50 percent. Undoubtedly, the minimum down payment - 5% is approved in the mortgage program of Sberbank of Russia "Young Family", in addition, it is considered uniform, both for the purchase of apartments, houses, and land plots. But in this case, to receive a loan, one of the spouses must be under 30 years of age.

The base interest rate is approximately 10.5 - 11% in foreign currency and 15-17% in Russian rubles. For many banks, it may depend on how your income is verified. Almost everywhere, a certificate from Tax return, it makes your income look fairly secure and lowers your interest rate. Also, the percentage of annual payments may depend on the loan term and its size (than longer term loan, the higher the interest).

The annual interest rate and down payment are closely related. In almost all cases, when the down payment does not exceed 10%, it is accompanied by a higher interest rate than in a similar mortgage program with a standard payment of 30 percent. After all, in this financial transaction, not only the borrower, but also the one who issued the loan can lose, so the bank thus provides itself with guaranteed protection in the event of default.

A mortgage opens up a wide range of opportunities for you,

After all, you can take out a loan in both rubles and dollars, for almost any period you need and of any size. Of course, there are certain limits on the terms and sizes of loans. Mortgage banks provide loans for terms from six months to 30 years. But too much long terms quite rarely practiced by both banks and borrowers. Usually, a loan is issued with the expectation that the client will be able to repay it before retirement age, but sometimes banks set a higher age limit - up to 75 years. In this case, it is worth paying attention to the fact that the shorter the term, the lower the interest rate, that is, if you take out a loan for a period of 1 to 15 years, you will pay from 12 to 14% per annum, and from 15 to 30 years - 13 - 16%.

The loan amount depends on your income and estimated value purchased housing and can be issued from 5 thousand to several hundred thousand or even millions.

Don’t forget to also inquire for what period of time your application will be considered, since some banks give their consent already on the third or fifth day (Rosbank), others think about 18 days (Sberbank of Russia), and some cannot decide on a decision and within a month. Well, of course, pay attention to all the additional payments accompanying the loan (various commissions and services of realtors and appraisers).

Of course, choosing a mortgage program on your own is not easy, therefore, in order to avoid mistakes, you can seek help from credit brokers who, based on your wishes and capabilities, will select the truly optimal option.

If you have made a persistent decision to use mortgage services to purchase a home, you need to define all the goals you are pursuing and develop a clear path that will lead you to the right choice of a mortgage program, and therefore to a successful outcome of the entire enterprise.