Mortgages have become obscenely expensive, but you can save for an apartment until old age. How can an ordinary Russian family improve their living conditions and not end up in debt trap? You can hope for an inheritance, find a third job, or plan to move to a cheaper area. Some citizens with a decision housing issue The state is ready to help. For this purpose, there are special programs for subsidizing primary, secondary and even rental housing. Who can count on government support and under what conditions?

“Housing for the Russian family” - cheap new buildings

The “Housing for Russian Family” program is designed to create an extensive fund of affordable new buildings. As part of this initiative, 25 million square meters should appear in the country in 2014–2017. m of economy class housing with all the necessary social infrastructure at bargain prices. The cost per square meter of such a “primary” building will not exceed 35 thousand rubles, which is 20-50% lower than real market prices (depending on the region).

What is required from participants? First of all, a stable income. According to the terms of the program, the mandatory first payment is at least 20% of the cost of the apartment, and in the future the family must be able to regularly pay the remaining amount within the period agreed with the developer. However, solvency, unfortunately, is not enough. The state subsidy provides for a number of additional restrictions, which seriously narrow the circle of potential buyers.

The program is designed primarily for middle-aged working Russians (25-40 years old) with children and modest living conditions. This means that the standard for providing living space should not exceed the established 18 square meters. m per family member, and income is the maximum level accepted in a particular region. They can count on:

• Families with two children, subject to investment of maternal capital in housing
• Families with three or more minor children
• Families with one child, if the age of the spouses does not exceed 35 years
• Residents of houses unfit for habitation, subject to demolition or reconstruction
• Citizens recognized as needing housing
• Combat veterans
• Civil servants, scientists, military, etc.

One of the serious problems in implementing the program is the too large gap between the indicated cost per square meter and the realities of the market. For this reason, in particular, preferential “Housing for Russian families” in the capital region and cities with a population of over a million is under great question. And in the outback the pace of construction of budgetary square meters So far they are significantly behind the declared ones.

“Young Family” - subsidies for the purchase of an apartment

The federal program “Young Family” is addressed to married couples with children. It differs from the scheme for resolving the housing issue of citizens within the framework of “Housing for the Russian Family” in the age of the spouses: they both must be strictly under 35 years old. In addition, Russians who decide to improve their living conditions within the framework of this program can count not on the mythical “affordable” square meters that the state promises to build, but on specific cash subsidy to buy an apartment. According to officials, this should help with the relocation of more than 170,000 Russian couples. The program operated from 2011 to 2015 and, by decision of Dmitry Medvedev, will be extended until 2020.

In addition to age, there are other requirements for Russians who hope to receive financial assistance from the state:

• No more than 15 square meters of living space for each family member
• Cohabitation of spouses
• Sufficient income (min 21,621 rubles for two, min 32,510 for three)
• Having at least one child

The family must be recognized as needing improvement living conditions. To do this, it is not necessary to be registered or in the city queue: it is enough that the square meters per person will be less than the norm. However, it is important to understand that officials will take into account not only the property of program participants, but also the living space in which they have the right to live based on registration (for example, grandparents’ apartments). Also, those whose living conditions have worsened in the previous 5 years automatically lose the right to a subsidy.

The amount of subsidy that program participants can count on will be no more than 30% of total cost apartments. Specific numbers will depend on the composition of the family: the more people, the more money. For two (single parent with child), the state is ready to allocate 600,000 rubles, for three – 800,000 rubles, and for four – up to 1,000,000 rubles. However, what to spend these funds on is a big question.

Taking into account real prices on the real estate market, the amount is more than modest. Count on buying a marketable apartment in big city no need to. In addition, on this moment The terms of the program for 2015 provide for subsidies only for primary housing and prohibit the use of funds received to repay loans. But there is a possibility that these points will be revised in the future.

Affordable rent – ​​helping those on the waiting list

The authorities are ready to offer special conditions and those citizens who officially need improved housing conditions and are on the waiting list, but cannot yet save up for a new apartment or afford a mortgage. Within state program“Providing affordable and comfortable housing and utilities citizens Russian Federation» a number of measures are provided for inexpensive rental housing for citizens with low incomes. However, unfortunately, there is no dedicated federal subprogram for affordable hiring, and the conditions of state support depend on the specific region.

Eg, capital authorities are offering Muscovites who have been on the city's housing waiting list for years to partially pay the cost of rental property. This makes it possible to practically make people's lives more comfortable. Those on waiting lists can rent an apartment while waiting for a housewarming party, and the city will reimburse their expenses. True, compensation is equal to only 50% of the average market and Moscow region, and the specific amount of the subsidy will depend on the size of the family. A lonely Muscovite is entitled to a living space of 33 square meters. m, for two – 36 sq. m, and for three – 54 sq. m.

There is one fundamental point in the Moscow program of rent subsidies for needy citizens. It is important that, by agreeing to move to a rented apartment, the person on the waiting list does not lose hope and the right in the future to receive ownership of the promised housing from the city, which his family could have been waiting for for many years. For example, in St. Petersburg there is a slightly different scheme for commercial rental of urban housing stock. There, citizens have the right to cheaply and indefinitely rent property from the city at preferential rates, but in return they will have to give up their place in the queue and forever lose the right to a new apartment from the state.

Instructions

Currently, one of the effective options for purchasing a roof over your head is a mortgage. Many citizens are very frightened by the impressive amount of the down payment, namely 20-30% of the cost of housing. If you decide to take it, then you need money, and you can find it by contacting a real estate agency. If you sell an old one for good money living space, then this amount will be the first step towards a new life and a new home.

The future home will one day become your property, and therefore you can according to your taste. But as for the housing you rent, it will never belong to you. And you won’t be able to arrange everything the way you would like. By paying off your mortgage, you are investing money in your future home, but the rent is lost without a trace. However, mortgaged housing will become your property only after 15-20 years, and during this time its value will either decrease or increase. Having analyzed all these points, most citizens come to the conclusion that a mortgage is still preferable. Therefore, you need to decide what is easier for you to pay: pay off your mortgage loan or pay rent.

Young families are in greatest need of housing. And if you are, then you are unlikely to be able to afford a mortgage. In this case, the solution to the problem will be to rent a separate living space. At the same time, a rented apartment is relatively expensive, but most young couples do not consider renting a home a profitable business. Even if we exclude the risks that may be associated with termination of the contract and eviction, then the money that is paid monthly to the landlord simply goes “nowhere,” and mortgage payments gradually bring borrowers closer to full ownership of the apartment as soon as possible. Of course, a mortgage is more profitable in this aspect.

In addition to all of the above, there is a chance that someday in the future you will become the full owner of a home acquired through inheritance. In another case, the housing problem will be solved with the participation of the municipality. In general, there are many different alternative possibilities for solving the housing problem, but all of them are distant in time.

If you have no housing at all, the city administration is simply obliged to provide you with a roof over your head. If you receive a refusal: they say there is no housing, take a room and register it as temporary housing. Demand your living space, go to court.
Be sure to monitor the queue for housing at all times.

To obtain public housing, you must register. You will be put on a waiting list if you live in premises that do not meet sanitary/technical standards. Open Housing Code and check whether there are grounds to register you, for example, if you have benefits.

After everything has been clarified with benefits and meters, submit an application to the administration of your city, to which you attach a copy of your financial personal account, an extract from the house register, certificates from health care institutions, BTI and other documents.

State apartments are provided on a first-come, first-served basis under commercial/social tenancy agreements. Under social tenancy agreements, they are provided to low-income families. You can become the owner of such housing for free after concluding a rental agreement if you do not use the right to privatization. You will have to wait for housing from 5 to 30 years.

Instructions

Shared constructionAn agreement is concluded between the developer and the participant, according to which the person invests money in the project, and construction company must build housing within certain lines. The advantage of this method is that an apartment can be purchased at a fairly low price and there are no overpayments on the loan, since in this case payment is often made in . The downside is that you will be able to move into such an apartment only after all the work is completed and the house is handed over. In addition, there is always a risk that the construction will not be completed. According to the law on “Participation in shared construction multi-apartment and other real estate objects and on making changes to some legislative acts Russian Federation", the construction company must provide participants with guarantees of completion of construction. But they often look for workarounds to this law in order to reduce their liability if something happens. For example, instead of an agreement on participation in shared construction, civil legal acts are concluded, which no longer have the same legal force as the first ones, and accordingly, the protection of participants in shared construction in this case is lower. Therefore, if you decide to participate in such a project, you need to choose very carefully. Preference should be given to companies with a good reputation and who have positive experience in this matter. And before concluding a contract, it is better to consult with a lawyer in order to protect yourself as much as possible.

MortgageIf you don’t want to wait for construction to be completed, but want to move into your apartment today, then you should take part in a mortgage. Today, all banks have various mortgage programs. For some of them you need an initial fee, while others can do without it. When submitting an application for issuance mortgage loan Many factors are taken into account: your family income, your age, education, work experience, whether you own real estate that could act as collateral, and also how much you are claiming. If your family income is small, then some banks take into account the earnings of your parents. Before taking out a loan, decide what you want to buy. You can buy an apartment with a mortgage Vacation home, or you can take the money and build what you want yourself. Housing can be purchased both on the primary and non-secondary real estate markets. Depending on your goals, you should choose mortgage program. Please also note that there are various federal and regional programs, which allow some groups of the population (for example, young families) to take out a loan for preferential terms.

Rent If you are afraid to participate in shared construction or a mortgage, or you simply do not have the funds for a down payment, but still want to live in a separate apartment, then you can rent it. Even in the smallest town there are plenty of advertisements for apartments and rooms for rent. If you have chosen this option for solving the housing problem, then the main selection criteria for you should be your financial position and protection from unscrupulous landlords. To avoid unpleasant situations, it is better to rent housing through a real estate agency, where an agreement will be concluded between you and the owner of the apartment. Or, if you found housing yourself, then it’s still worth taking the time to draw up some kind of agreement and have it certified by a notary so that it has legal force.

IN Questions about purchasing your own apartment, like the one asked below by Denis, are asked to me with alarming regularity.

This question is extremely difficult and painful, emotionally very charged and acutely facing, without exaggeration, ALL people.

Yes, voiced by Denis “apartment” arithmetic is shocking! After all, just the realization that over the next 20-30 years you will have to live from hand to mouth and deny yourself and your family all the essentials ( incl. in good clothes, delicious food and exciting travel and entertainment) – can plunge anyone into severe depression for a long time.

So here's the question I received from Denis :

"Average"salary in our region ( Western Siberia ) - 20 t.r./month. Price studio apartment approximately 1200-1500 t.r. To purchase a home, you need to take out a bank loan of about 1 million rubles.

If you take it for 20 years, then monthly loan payments: 13 thousand rubles. Food + travel costs about 5-7 thousand rubles. There are also utility bills for the apartment: 2-3 thousand rubles.

Thus, minimum living expenses are more than the “average” salary per month and you have to try very hard to work just to complete obligatory payments and don't be hungry.

The situation is absolutely the same with renting an apartment.

Question: what would you advise an “ordinary” employee whose income is not growing very quickly in order to solve the housing problem?

20 years to lead half-starved existence and be actually “in slavery” to the bank? That is, if everything goes “normal,” then by the age of 50 the apartment will finally become “mine.”

You can, of course, make allowances for buying an apartment together as a family, but then you need to take into account that children will be added, the wife will not work for some time, and expenses for food/travel/other things will increase proportionally. Adjustments can be made for income growth and inflation. In general, I would like to hear an expert’s opinion on this issue.

Yes, I forgot to add that it is imperative to solve the housing issue, because it is impossible to rent housing when you retire. That is, you can only live in your own apartment and pay utility bills.

Or maybe an expert can suggest an alternative way to manage money?

Watch my video answer to Denis's question - To watch the video, click on the black triangle in the center

I voiced several options for solving this PROBLEM in my video response to Denis ( watch my video just above).

I spoke in more detail and in detail about various working methods for solving any financial problems. Ibid. specific step-by-step recommendations and tools that have already been tested by many thousands of my students to increase their personal income.

P.P.P.S.

Most people are much stronger than they think. They just forget to believe it sometimes.

Everything will work out for you!

The state helps young families purchase housing. A young family is a very vulnerable part of society. Family budget they usually have quite a meager supply due to low salaries among young people, everyday problems create tension in family relationships, and most of them do not have their own housing. The state tries to support young families as much as possible by providing benefits for obtaining housing with a mortgage, but not every Russian family that has recently gotten married can afford these benefits.

You should be concerned with the issue of obtaining housing for your family immediately after registering your marriage. To do this, you need to go to the administration of your city or village and find out what benefits exist in your region, the standard square meters of housing per person, and how to get on the waiting list for housing.
The federal program, which provides housing for young families, has been extended until 2020, and the regions are developing additional benefits, so you have a real chance to purchase your own home.

But since 2015 there have been some changes. If your family got on the waiting list before 2011, then you can use preferential subsidies and mortgages not only for construction or purchase new apartment or at home, but also to buy an apartment in an old house. Starting this year, state assistance is provided only when purchasing a new or under construction apartment, or building your own house.

After your visit to the administration, you must collect documents to get on the waiting list for housing.
You will need:

• Your passports, and also, if there are children, their birth certificates;
• Marriage certificate;
• Certificates of your salaries;
• Information from passport office about registration and family composition;
• Extracts from personal account;
• Inspection report for your home;
• An extract stating that your family members do not have their own housing.

If in the apartment where your family is registered, the norm of square meters per person is less than the norm of your region, then you must be registered as a young family in need of their own housing.

Minus federal program The point is that the more accessible the opportunity to obtain housing becomes, the longer the queue of young families becomes, which, as the queue progresses, may cease to be young.
But you're in luck, and your turn is about to come. What to do next?

How to get housing?

If during the waiting period you were unable to save the amount needed to add to the subsidy to purchase an apartment, you will have to go to the bank to get a mortgage. You will be given a subsidy only if you present official permission from the bank to issue you a loan. The subsidy amount is 30% of the purchase price for a childless family, 35% for a family with a child.

Your family's income must meet the bank's requirements so that they can be sure that you are able to pay the required amount.
So, to become a participant in the program you must:

• be a young family living in a registered marriage;
• be under 35 years of age;
• be a citizen of Russia;
• have permanent income to pay loan installments, or accumulate (take from parents) the required amount;
• be identified as in need of housing;
• stand in line to receive it.

After receiving a loan and purchasing a home, you can reduce the payment terms. With the birth of a child in your family, the loan amount is reduced by 30%, the second child will bring the exemption closer by another 30%, and with the birth of the third baby, your mortgage will be considered fully repaid, and you will receive the status large family and you will finally become the owners of your home.

You can receive a subsidy in order to:

• pay the first mortgage payment to the bank;
• pay a contribution to the housing cooperative, both construction and savings;
• buy a house or apartment;
• pay for the construction of your house;
• pay off the balance of your mortgage debt if you took out a loan earlier.

As you can see, the program is designed for young families with average incomes, which is a significant disadvantage, because the income of a young family is usually not high. If parents do not come to the rescue, scraping out all their savings or taking out loans for this, an ordinary young family has little chance of participating in this program.

And yet, this is a real opportunity for young families to purchase housing. Let's hope that our government, which continues to work on the problem of affordable housing, will find an opportunity to help those young families who do not have sufficient income to purchase their home through a mortgage.