Perhaps the most popular type of summer holiday in Russia is a dacha, a garden or a kitchen garden. Contain land in all regions of the country in all climatic zones from Altai Territory to Yakutia, from the Kaliningrad region to the Khabarovsk Territory.
Despite such a massive coverage, for some reason, the owners of gardens and orchards do not even realize that there are rules and regulations for garden construction, they equip their summer cottages without complying with building codes and regulations.
General provisions
Problems begin with the fact that country or garden plot must have an area of at least 6 acres (0.06 hectares). Territories from 6 to 12 acres are recognized as standard sizes. This requirement is not met in all associations, often the area of allocated land does not exceed 3-4 acres. In this case, it will be difficult to fulfill all the requirements of SNiP, SNT and SP for the development of the territory.
In addition to these documents, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations and clarifications on planning proposed by self-government bodies. You also need to understand the difference between a summer cottage and a garden plot.
In the first case, land is purchased for recreation, while the tenant has the right to grow crops, as well as build residential buildings and other necessary economic activity structures. Gardening plots are acquired for growing fruits and vegetables, while it is also allowed to rest here and build the necessary buildings.
In most cases, country lands are equipped with residential buildings, where the owners can live intermittently without registration. As soon as the owner registers, the building is reclassified as a residential building.
Distance between residential buildings
Perhaps the most stringent rules and regulations apply precisely to this point, since the correct distance guarantees fire safety in SNT.
The following table will most clearly display the dependence of the distance between residential buildings on the materials used:
The building must comply with these requirements. The distance is measured from the wall of a neighbor's house or from elements protruding more than half a meter, for example, a roof slope or porch.
Also, when building a house, you need to consider the location of the red lines. The distance to the street must be at least 5m, and to the passage - 3m. There must also be at least 3m to the border of the neighboring site. It is unacceptable to equip a drain from the roof in such a way that water enters the neighboring area.
Location of buildings and other large objects
Also, SNiPs regulate the distances between non-residential buildings. These standards must be observed when planning. So, all objects they must retreat from the neighbor's fence by at least 1m. At the same time, the water drain must be oriented within its own site; rain runoff into the neighbor's territory is not allowed.
And sheds for livestock and poultry should be at a distance of 4m. Tall trees should be planted 4m from the neighboring territory, medium ones - 2m, and shrubs 1m.
The distance is measured from the basement of the building, in its absence - from the wall. If there are decorative or other objects protruding more than half a meter, then measurements are taken from them. If they are at a high altitude, then it is allowed to make a projection on the ground and measure from it.
To comply with sanitary and hygienic norms and rules, it is necessary to maintain the following distances between buildings inside the summer cottage:
- from the house to the outdoor toilet, bath or shower should be at least 8m;
- at the same distance there should be a compost pit;
- it is important to territorially separate the well from the latrine and compost pit, since drains and toxins can get into drinking water, there should also be at least 8 m between them;
- latrine and compost pit can be located close to each other;
- outbuildings for keeping livestock and poultry must be carried 12m from a residential building;
- if outbuildings are adjacent to the house, then they must be equipped separate entrance located at a distance of at least 7 m from the main porch;
- garages can be located relatively freely on the territory. They can be either built-in or freestanding. It is allowed to attach these objects to the main house.
The indicated distances must be observed not only within your own site, but also when planning adjacent ones. That is, the barn should be removed 12m from the residential building on the site, as well as from all residential buildings in adjacent territories.
When building, you need to remember that in areas ranging in size from 6 to 12 acres, it is allowed to occupy no more than 30% of the area with buildings. This includes not only residential buildings, utility sheds, garages, but also paths, blind areas, as well as other hard-surfaced areas (for example, a concrete parking area).
The controversy about fences
Most disagreements between neighbors arise when arranging a fence. The SNiP states that the fences must be transparent, freely transmitting light to the site. The use of other materials for arranging fences is possible only by mutual written consent. Moreover, their height should not exceed 1.5-2m.
The same goes for external fences. They are recommended to be made of transparent materials. The use of profiled sheet, iron, slate and other materials is possible only if it is permitted by the charter of SNT or such a decision is made on general meeting members of the SNT. Their height is also limited to 2m, unless otherwise provided by the decision of the meeting of gardeners.
Network engineering
Of all the communications in the summer cottage, there should be only water. The presence of heating, sewerage, gas pipelines, etc. is optional and may not be available. SNT can be supplied with water, both from central system, and from autonomous. It is also allowed to equip each site with an individual well or well.
The norms and rules for the supply of water for irrigation per day are painted. For vegetable crops, it is considered the norm from 3 to 15 liters per square meter, for fruit trees - from 10 to 15 liters per cubic meter.
In addition, the water supply system should provide the following consumption rates for household needs per 1 person:
- when using water supply - 125 - 160l;
- when using columns and wells - 30-50l;
There are minimum requirements for the arrangement of the restroom. It can be an outbuilding equipped cesspool or a dry closet, the use of a portable room is acceptable.
For heating, the use of autonomous systems, such as stoves and fireplaces, is considered sufficient. Radiators are also allowed.
Electricity is supplied to summer cottages using overhead power lines.
If there are any deviations from the norms and rules during development, they must be coordinated with local authorities.
Requirements for residential buildings
Minimal requirements are imposed on houses, or rather their layout, erected in summer cottages within the SNT. The ceiling height is 30 cm less than with IZHS - only 2.2 m. Room sizes are not regulated. There are no special requirements for stairs. They can be located both inside and outside the building. Cellar height from 1.6m.
As you can see, the requirements for the internal arrangement of garden houses are minimal. But when objects are located on the territory, the norms practically do not differ from those provided for individual housing construction. This is due to the need to ensure a sufficient level of hygiene, fire safety in summer cottages.
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M Many residents of megacities dream of buying a plot and a comfortable house outside the city, albeit a small one. In some cases, it is easier and cheaper to build a house yourself than to buy a ready-made one. Do right choice projects of country houses for 6 acres will help, photos of which are in in large numbers presented in our review. It is believed that building a house is very difficult. But some projects of country buildings are distinguished by their extraordinary simplicity.
Comfortable cottage building of small size
Projects of country houses for 6 acres: photos, options and building requirements
To create a solid and durable building, you need to choose a quality project for a country house for 6 acres. Photos of the best options can be seen in the interior. Before choosing, you should decide on the materials and a convenient place for the future design.
What building materials are used in the construction?
For erection suburban buildings a wide range of different materials can be used. The most commonly used options are:
- It belongs to the most popular. Such buildings are built during the season and are distinguished by simple technology. The frame system is assembled from a bar, which is sheathed with special plywood or clapboard. Refers to the best options in terms of quality and price. Also, this material is characterized by a long service life.
- Some buildings are made from profiled timber. It takes several months to build the structure. Also, about six months is allotted for shrinkage. Such structures do not require external finishing.
- Stone buildings are made of, and cinder blocks. Such structures require long terms erection, as a powerful foundation is used and the walls are built in rows. Before construction work, it is necessary to prepare a detailed project. Houses made of stone and brick are distinguished by increased strength and reliability.
Helpful information! The choice of building material is influenced by its cost in a particular region, personal preferences and the type of foundation. Frame buildings and structures made of timber are mounted on screw or columnar bases.
Video: small houses for a plot of 6 acres
How to build a turnkey country house inexpensively: prices
For those who do not want to spend a lot of time on construction works The best option can be a turnkey country house inexpensively. Prices for structures can be seen in a special catalog of the selected construction organization. There is a suitable option for any budget. The cost of the structure is influenced by the type of structure, material and dimensions of the structure.
A 5 * 5 m house made of lining and timber will cost about 100 thousand rubles. A building with a porch and a canopy or veranda will require a larger investment, more than 200 thousand rubles.
Related article:
Features of mounting a house with your own hands
Peculiarities installation work depends on the choice of a particular material. The structure of the timber has many positive qualities. Such material is treated with stain and various protective compounds. Under the design, you can use a lightweight version of the foundation. In this case, the roof can be gable.
A dacha is, first of all, a place that urban residents use to grow fruit and vegetable crops. However, often on such a site there is also some kind of building intended for recreation. In the event that when buying land there were no buildings on it, it is quite possible to build them. At the same time, you need to understand that any buildings, even on private property, must comply with all the rules and regulations of SNiP. Therefore, before starting work, you need to study all the existing requirements and understand which house is allowed to be built on a summer cottage.
Buildings in the country
Many people, having acquired a cottage, begin construction on it. At the same time, they do not think about what buildings can be erected on such land plots. And in vain! After all, unauthorized construction of buildings, even on land that is private property, can cause problems with the law.
It is important! In order to build a residential house on a suburban land ownership, it is necessary to obtain permission from the construction services, providing a project. Ignoring this rule can lead to the appointment of various sanctions to the owner of the house, up to the demolition of the structure.
The suburban area is primarily intended for growing cultivated plants on them. Despite this, it is allowed to erect residential buildings on the territory of such an allotment. However, it is important to consider that, according to the law, all buildings in the country should not occupy more than 30% total area territory. The rest of the land should be used for its intended purpose, that is, planted with plants.
There are a number of buildings that can be built in the country. At the same time, choosing a building of one type or another, it is necessary to study all the requirements for it.
What houses can be built in the country:
- Residential building up to three floors;
- Garage;
- bath;
- Various commercial buildings.
At the same time, when building a residential building, it is necessary to comply with all the requirements of SNiP for residential buildings. Otherwise, it will not be possible to register in it.
Documentation for registration
Before you start planning the construction of a building on the site, you need to make sure that all required documents. Otherwise, the owner land allotment legal problems may arise. That is, you must have documents confirming ownership.
What documents confirm ownership:
- Contract for the purchase / sale of a land allotment;
- A completed and notarized will;
- Gift;
- Documentation on the privatization of the dacha;
- Lease or permanent use agreement.
Also, in order to register a house and register in it, you must obtain permission from construction firms. To do this, you need to provide a project drawn up in accordance with all the rules of SNiP.
Requirements for the location of the building
Of great importance is the location of the house on the site. There is quite an impressive list of rules for this. It is important to understand that these laws are for safety and must be followed.
Rules regarding the location of the building on the site:
- First of all, you need to consider the distance that must be observed between residential buildings. There must be a distance of 6 meters between structures made of non-combustible materials. Between the buildings, partially trimmed with wood - 8 meters. Between the building made of wood and the building made of non-combustible materials - 10 meters. Between two wooden buildings - 15 meters.
- The house must be located at a distance of 3 meters from the border of the land allotment. In this case, it is necessary to retreat 15 meters from the forest.
- Sheds for livestock must be built at a distance of four meters from the fence.
- The restroom should be located at a distance of 12 meters from residential neighboring buildings and at a distance of 8 meters from neighboring saunas and baths.
- The height of the basement should not exceed two meters.
- Outbuildings can be located a meter from the neighbor's fence.
At the same time, buildings located on the same site can be built at any distance from each other. However, it must be remembered that their total area should not exceed 30% of the total allotment.
Minimum allowable dimensions
Such a site should have a minimum area of \u200b\u200b6 square meters. Therefore, it will not be possible to build large houses on such sites, observing all the laws.
When constructing a residential building, it is necessary to comply with the norms of SNiP regarding its contents. From here you can calculate its minimum dimensions.
What should be in a residential building:
- Common room from 12 sq. m;
- Bedroom from 8 sq.m;
- Bathroom - 1.8x0.96;
- The width of the corridor must be at least 0.9 m;
- Ceiling height at least 2.2-2.5 m.
In this case, the height of the building cannot exceed ten meters. The number of floors can be no more than three.
Location of buildings
Requirements for connecting communication systems
It is also important to comply with the requirements for communication systems. This part of the project is of particular importance. After all, the safety of the owner of the house and neighbors depends on it.
Communication rules:
- Electricity is supplied to the house centrally. It is necessary to conclude an agreement with the supplier and install a meter.
- Water will be supplied through a centralized water supply. You can also organize an autonomous water supply system.
- When organizing home heating, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the requirements for the selected type of heating;
- Usually, gas is not supplied centrally to summer cottages. In this case, it is allowed to use cylinders up to twelve liters. For large cylinders, you need to build a separate room.
- You also need to take care of the sewerage. You can build a dry closet, septic tank or cesspool. Each location has its own requirements.
The sun is shining brighter and brighter, which means that the suburban and summer season is just around the corner. It's time to think about future construction and choose the right one. garden (summer) house.
A summer house will help solve some temporary household problems.
It can be used as a summer residence or as temporary housing during the construction of the main house for permanent residence. After the completion of construction, the summer house will be useful on the site as a summer kitchen or as a guest room, for holding home holidays or as a place to store garden equipment and equipment.
The construction of a summer house for a summer residence is inexpensive, but we recommend planning the construction to the smallest detail, because it has its own characteristics that distinguish a building from a house for permanent residence. The main feature of such a structure is that in winter it is not heated, which means that it must withstand freezing and thawing for more than one season.
You should not approach the choice of a garden house, based only on external attractiveness and the total area. It must meet the maximum number of requirements. And each family has its own: everyone likes to spend their leisure time in different ways. And the number of family members is different for everyone. It is important for someone to have a separate room for everyone, but for someone the main thing is the presence of a large living room where everyone would fit at the same time. For someone, minimal amenities are needed: water, a heater, tiles, and everything else is on the street, while someone needs all the amenities in the house.
A seemingly small garden house has a lot of functions.
What else is important to consider when planning a summer country house? Let us turn to the experience of the owners of such buildings.
- Whether the summer house is built by hand or hired construction team, it is necessary to choose the right technology for its construction. Price plays an important role.
- The most budget option is a trailer house. Many put it, and then attach additional premises to it. But this option is not the most convenient in terms of further operation.
- Second in price - frame houses. Of these, up to 80% of summer houses are being built.
- Further - buildings made of logs and timber. IN last years it is houses made of timber that are gaining the greatest popularity.
- Summer houses made of stone they are rarely erected, they are expensive, and it will take at least a day to warm up such a house in winter. Yes, and the stone does not like freezing and thawing - it collapses faster from this.
A sample of a summer house from the company "TopsHouse"
Garden house with a veranda in the form of a gazebo.
A small summer house with an attic.
The exhibition "Low-Rise Country" presents samples of garden and temporary houses, which clearly demonstrate the relevance of the above tips. One of them is an exhibitor from the TopsHouse company, shown in one of the photographs. At the exhibition, you will not only get acquainted with the choice offered by manufacturers, but also better understand what exactly you want to see in your building.
The first characteristic of a house that a builder faces is its area. And the first desire that often arises in relation to the area is more space! “Now then, in your own house you can allow maximum free space!” For those who grew up in cramped one-story apartments, this desire is fully justified. In fact, in this matter, oddly enough, you can overdo it.
Too small and unreasonably large
Square meters are not the most important characteristic that determines whether a house is large or small for you. For one family of two, a house of 150 m2 will be small, while for another family of four, a house with a garage of 110 m2 is enough.
A house is too big if it has unused rooms. Perhaps they do not interfere with life, but they need to be “fed”: heated in the winter, they take up space near the garden on the site, which is especially noticeable if the building is one-story, and the financial resources invested in extra square meters were wasted. If finances allow, it is better to spend them on interesting architectural solutions, expensive facades and better quality materials. Carefully consider the layout, weigh your needs - let the rooms be large, but there will be no extra space.
The house is too cramped if it is difficult to organize a comfortable life in it. There is no place for bicycles, sledges, boats, no way to accommodate friends who came to you for the weekend. In this case, it is better to choose the project of the simplest house with a gable roof without complex architectural elements, to abandon the facade windows in the attic in favor of lucarenes. Such a house is easier and cheaper to build.
Optimal house size
To correctly calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe house, we suggest using the following cheat sheet:
Entrance hall 6-9 m2
Living room and dining room 20-50 m2
Kitchen + pantry 10-20 m2
Technical rooms 6-15 m2
Bathroom 6-15 m2
Room/bedroom 10 – 25 m2
Office/guest room 8-15 m2
Bathroom with shower 3-6 m2
Garage for one car: 18-30 m2
Connecting premises (corridors, halls, stairs) + 10 - 15%
The indicated areas are an example that can be taken as a basis, but it is not necessary to follow it exactly. Based on this example, a house with one bedroom, one office, without a garage is 76-164 m2. In each case, of course, the area and number of rooms must be determined based on experience, your lifestyle and budget. At the same time, do not forget that the comfort of everyday life significantly depends on the relative position of the rooms, i.e. from the functionality and practicality of the layout.
For a small family of two, in most cases suitable projects of houses up to 100 m2. Although here, the functionality of the layout also affects a lot. Projects of houses of 100 sq m with very small outbuildings will be able to satisfy a family of 3-5 people. But then the missing technical premises will most likely need to be placed in a separate garage. The area of such compact house can be visually enlarged by floor-length windows overlooking a balcony or terrace, an open space above the living room, combining the living room, dining room and kitchen into a single space. But still, for a family of 4-5 people, house projects up to 150 m2 will be more optimal. At the same time, take into account that the larger the house, the cheaper the cost of building it. square meter. Therefore, some house projects of 150 sq m and house projects up to 200 sq m may require the same sums of money for your implementation.