Sberbank of Russia has developed many deposit options with different conditions for its clients. Even with a minimum amount of free money (1000 rubles), a person can open a deposit and receive passive income. But in order to earn money, you need to understand the nuances of the contract.

The client must understand that the main condition for capitalizing a deposit with Sberbank is a ban on withdrawing funds before the end of the period specified in the agreement. They remain untouchable in any case. Having deposited a deposit in a bank, a person must forget about these funds for a certain time.

What are the benefits of capitalizing deposits in Sberbank?

Profitability

The interest rate and overall return on the deposit are influenced by several factors:

• deposit amount (after 100,000 rubles in Sberbank it increases, and then after 400,000 and 700,000 rubles);
• currency in which the deposit is opened;
• deposit term (longer period means higher interest rate);
• the method in which the deposit was opened (if you do this yourself through Internet banking, profitability will increase).

Deposit calculator with capitalization from Sberbank

Sberbank has several options for deposits with capitalization. They differ in such items as terms, rates and the possibility of performing income and expense transactions.

Capitalization without contribution

Not everyone wants to make complex calculations when choosing Better conditions earnings. In addition, not every person likes restrictions on withdrawing their funds. Sberbank offers an alternative option - capitalization without a deposit. The client can open a Social debit card at Sberbank. It accrues 3.5% monthly on the minimum account balance.

Modern banking system includes many financial and credit organizations, whose work is based on competent management, such as own funds, and attracted in the form of deposits. The available funds of individuals and legal entities, while the attraction activity and interest rates depend on how much the bank needs additional resources. For example, the more clients a bank has, the more funds it needs.

There are many types of deposits, but the most profitable for the client is this investment free funds, which provides for the capitalization of interest on the deposit. Therefore, when choosing the appropriate type of deposit, you should clearly understand the meaning of 2 concepts: “deposit capitalization” and “deposit interest capitalization”.

Capitalization of the deposit

When drawing up an agreement to open a deposit, a bank client does not have to face such difficulties as when applying for a loan, for example: granting or passing through, but he will definitely get acquainted with the “capitalization” parameter. What it is?

Capitalization of a deposit is an increase in its amount by the amount of accrued interest.

To explain it more clearly, this is the addition of interest to the deposit balance after a certain period of time.

When capitalizing a deposit, interest is added to the deposit amount, which upon expiration of its term is transferred to the depositor's current account. When capitalizing a deposit, interest is calculated each time on the basis of the initially deposited amount, so their amount does not increase over time.

Types of capitalization of deposits depending on placement conditions:

• Annual– the rarest, it extends to long-term deposits. The interest amount is calculated at the end of each year and added to the deposit.
• Quarterly- occurs more often than the previous one. Interest is calculated once every 3 months.
• Monthly– the amount of interest is calculated at the end of each month.
• Daily- implies the accrual of interest every day. It is classified as a temporary phenomenon, so it can be considered an exception.
• At the end of the term– interest is accrued once, upon expiration of the deposit term, when the depositor receives money.

Example: Let’s say you are entitled to 100,000 rubles at 11% per annum. The deposit period is 12 months. Let's take 2 years as an indicative period.
According to the agreement, interest accrues at the end of the term (after 12 months). Signed for 2nd year new treaty(for the same amount and at the same percentage).

The annual return on the deposit is 11,000 rubles. (RUB 100,000 × 11%/100% = 11,000). With annual renewal of the deposit, income for 2 years will be 22,000.00 rubles. (11,000 × 2).

Simple interest

We have given the simplest possible example, the calculation of which will not be difficult. But what about the monthly or quarterly capitalization of the deposit, when the contract is renewed a large number of times? This is where the formula comes to the rescue simple interest: , Where:

The amount of simple interest ( Sp) is calculated by the formula:

The simple interest formula is used if interest accrued on a deposit is added to it either only at the end of the deposit period, or is not added at all, but is transferred to a separate account.

Example: Suppose the bank accepted a deposit in the same amount as in the previous example - 100,000.00 rubles, but for a period of 30 days. The fixed interest rate is the same - 11% per annum. Applying the formulas, we obtain the following results:


Now let's change the conditions a little: The bank took a deposit in the same amount, but for a quarter (90 days) with the same fixed rate - 11% per annum. Only the investment period has changed.


Comparing both examples, we see that the amount of monthly accrued interest remains unchanged:

Capitalization of interest on deposit

Deposits with interest capitalization have some similarities and distinctive features. Interest in in this case are also accrued at the end of a pre-agreed period of time (year, quarter, month), but they are accrued not on the “body” of the deposit, but on the “body” + previously accrued interest.

Capitalization of interest is the addition of interest to the amount of the deposit, allowing for the subsequent accrual of interest on interest.

In case of placement of funds with the possibility of capitalization of interest on the deposit accrued interest is not only added to the deposit amount, but also participates in further calculations. This means that with each subsequent accrual, the deposit amount increases by the amount of accrued interest. As a result, interest is calculated on interest, due to which the effective rate on the deposit increases significantly.

Example: Let's take the initial data. In the case of capitalization of interest on a deposit, the table will look like this:

At the time of prolongation of the deposit for the 2nd year, its amount, taking into account the capitalization of interest, amounted to 111,000.00 rubles. The return on the deposit for 2 years amounted to RUB 34,210.00. (11,000.00 + 23,210.00), including the profitability only due to interest capitalization compared to the previous option amounted to RUB 12,210.00. (34,210.00 – 22,000.00 = 12,210.00).

Compound interest

The given example of calculating income on a deposit that provides for capitalization of interest is as simple as possible. To calculate income under conditions of any complexity, use compound interest formula:
,Where:

To calculate compound interest only, apply the following formula: ,
Where Sp- this is the amount of interest (the remaining values ​​\u200b\u200bare the same as in the previous formula).

The compound interest formula is used if interest on the deposit is accrued at regular intervals(every month, every quarter), that is, the calculation provides for the capitalization of interest (when interest is accrued on interest).

Example, how to calculate compound interest and the amount of a bank deposit with compound interest. The bank took a deposit in the amount of 100,000.00 rubles. for a quarter (90 days) with the same fixed rate as in the previous examples - 11% “annual” and with monthly interest accrual. This means that in 90 days 3 (90:30) operations will be carried out to capitalize accrued interest.
So we have the following data:
I= 11%; K= 365 days; J= 30 days; P= 100,000.00 rub.; n = 3 periods. What will be the amount of interest (Sp)?

Now let's determine the amount of this deposit:
S \u003d P + Sp \u003d 100,000.00 + 2736.93 \u003d 102,736.93 rubles.
Let's check the correctness of the calculation using the compound interest formula:

Now let’s compare income for the same period and with the same interest rate (3 months, 11% per annum) in the case of simple and compound interest. In the first case, the amount of the deposit amounted to 102,712.33 rubles, and in the second - 102,736.93 rubles. As you can see, there is a slight divergence in favor of capitalizing interest (compound interest). If the capitalization period and, accordingly, the number of periods are longer, the difference will become noticeably more noticeable, as can be seen from the graph below.

Capital growth: simple interest and compound interest (11% per annum)

conclusions

If we compare deposits that involve periodic interest payments and deposits with interest capitalization, the advantage of the latter is more high level income. Such a profitable placement of available funds is an ideal option for clients who do not want to withdraw interest at the end of the month (quarter, year). Those who want to learn how to make more complex financial calculations should familiarize themselves with.
Regarding the topic described in this article, a deposit with monthly interest capitalization and a small interest rate is obtained more profitable than a deposit, implying a high interest rate, but accruing interest, for example, every six months.

Real income for a specific period and the interest rate are two different things, so you need to objectively evaluate tempting and high interest rates by deposits.

Publication date: 02/20/2019 4597

Good day, dear readers! Nowadays, banks have a wide range of deposits: with and without replenishment, with partial withdrawal, with capitalization. You just have to choose the most profitable of them. And it would seem that everything is very clear. But there is one but. The question arises: " What is the capitalization of a deposit?»

And in this article we will talk about what capitalization of interest on a deposit is, talk about a replenished deposit with capitalization of interest, and also find out which deposit with capitalization is the best.

What is deposit capitalization

Deposit capitalization is a term from the field of finance, which is supported by mathematical formulas. That is why not everyone can understand the meaning. In this article you will learn everything about this term. We have tried to explain everything as clearly as possible and plain language. And you will definitely understand everything, even if you do not have any knowledge of economics and banking.

Capitalization — This is the accrual of interest not only on the initial deposit amount, but also on all previously accrued interest.

Let's say you put 10 thousand rubles at 5% per annum. By simple calculations, we get 10,500 rubles in the account after 2 years. And you decide to leave them on the account. Then after 2 years you will receive an increase of 500 rubles, after 3 another 500 rubles and so on.

Subject to annual capitalization, after a year you will also receive 10,500 rubles, after 2 years you can already withdraw 11,025 rubles, after 3 years - 11,576.25 rubles.

All mine calculation of deposit with capitalization were made using a very simple formula:

• After 1 year we will receive: 10,000 * (1 + 0.05) = 10,500 rubles.
• After 2 years: 10,000 * (1 + 0.05)^2 = 11,025 rubles.
• After 3 years: 10,000 * (1 + 0.05)^3 = 11,576.25 rubles.

Deposits with replenishment and capitalization: income accrual

In the examples above, we looked at annual capitalization, however, besides it there are several more types:

• monthly,
• quarterly,
• daily.

The calculation formula will change its appearance slightly:

The letter n appears - this is the frequency of income accrual. With monthly accrual n = 12, quarterly n = 4, daily n = 365 or 366. When comparing all data, namely all types of capitalization frequency, we can notice that the level of income directly depends on the frequency of accrued interest. At first glance, the difference is insignificant, but it is worth taking into account all capitalization factors:

• Initial deposit amount.
• Interest rate.
• Accumulation period.
• Frequency of income accrual.

The above formula can be applied to absolutely any frequency, even daily. However, when studying the offers provided by banks, you are unlikely to find such conditions. But now you can carry out all the calculations without outside help.

Deposit capitalization formula

Often, those who invest need to compare non-interest calculation options. They need to calculate the amount of deposits with and without capitalization. It is worth noting that the formulas remain the same. However, there is no longer any need to use them and calculate everything yourself. There are special calculators that calculate everything automatically. You only need to enter the parameters you need. Thanks to this you can calculate and compare conditions in different banks. All you have to do is choose what suits you and what is beneficial for you.

Profitable deposit with capitalization, or what is an effective rate

The effective rate is the rate taking into account capitalization. She is always higher than usual. It is convenient to use when you compare profitability across several banks. Below is the calculation formula. However, for those who are not interested in mathematics, special calculators always come to the rescue.

Bank deposits with interest capitalization

You can also look at this issue from a slightly different angle. Let's look at the alternative side of bank deposits. We are talking about the well-known debit card. For better understanding, let's look at a clear example. Let's say you need to allocate money to different accounts. And your main goal is to save money for personal expenses. After analyzing all possible banking offers (according to the criteria that you need), you have chosen the following options:

Deposit "Renaissance Accumulative" in the bank of the same name.

Conditions: rate of 6.75% per annum with monthly accrual of income, the possibility of replenishment, but without debit transactions. The deposit period is 1 year, during which the rate does not change. At the same time, we replenish it monthly, but do not withdraw money.

A debit card from the same bank with interest accrued on the balance.

Conditions: free service with a balance of at least 30,000 rubles. And monthly accrual income of 7.25%. It turns out that if you do not carry out transactions on the card, then every month income is accrued both on the initial amount and on previously accrued interest. And the amount of income is much greater than from a deposit.

Based on the fact that both the deposit and the card were opened with the main purpose of saving, therefore, you did not make any transactions related to expenses. Each of the two products was regularly replenished at monthly intervals. And knowing all this, you can deduce and understand what benefits a debit card provides you:

• possibility of replenishment and withdrawal if necessary without any penalties,
• higher income than on a deposit,
• The card is always at hand, you can use it on any day of the week and time of the day.

But there is also a minus: the interest on the account balance can change at any time.

However, there are not many offers that provide debit cards with interest on the balance, but they still exist, and it is possible to find them.

Online deposits with capitalization: pros and cons

And not taking into account all the advantages of capitalization, which are simply obvious, manifested first of all in a higher yield (in comparison with the usual interest calculation), it also has disadvantages:

• In most cases, the bank imposes certain restrictions on the mobility of funds. What does it mean? And this means that you do not have the opportunity to use your own money throughout the entire term of the contract. Naturally, no one will give you a refusal if you declare that you are closing the account and withdrawing all available funds. However, you will not receive exactly the amount that you originally expected when opening your account. And it is worth considering that not all banks have the ability to withdraw money without losing all or part of the income.
• Banks often charge more low rate on deposits with capitalization. That is why the process of calculating the effective rate and comparing it with offers in several other banks is of great importance.
• To achieve a truly noticeable effect, you need to spend a lot of time. And if you are 100% sure that in the near future you will not need large quantities funds, then you can safely proceed to opening a deposit with capitalization. If you don’t have such confidence, then it’s better to take a closer look and give your preference ordinary deposit, but necessarily including the possibility of withdrawal.

In some cases, banks may offer their clients to choose a very interesting option for calculating income. What does it consist of? It means that you can leave it in your account or withdraw it in cash (make a transfer to a card or account). If you have chosen to "withdraw interest", there can be no talk of any capitalization. Because it simply won't be. This is because you leave on your account only the amount of investments that was originally.

Algorithm for selecting the best deposit with capitalization

Let's look at what it is and what it consists of:

1. First you need to determine main goal deposit opening. The following are all possible goals: savings, short-term or long-term accumulation, passive income.
2. The second step is to define the conditions. They can be: with the possibility of replenishment, partial withdrawal or without, the initial amount, terms and interest rate.
3. We select several banks that best meet our criteria.
4. We calculate the effective rate for each offer and make the final choice.

It is important not to forget about analysis debit card with interest on the balance. However, if you are very impulsive and some momentary weakness can push you to spend all the money, then it is better to avoid choosing this option. Well, if there is a really clear goal and you are ready to go towards it through all the obstacles, then nothing can stop you. It is so?

Results

In conclusion of this article, I would like to say that before making any important decisions, it is necessary to analyze everything several times. possible options, weigh the pros and cons and draw the appropriate conclusions based on this. If you have any questions about this topic, you can always ask us. You are always happy to answer all your questions. We wish you good luck in all your endeavors! Have a nice day!

Banks have attracted and will continue to attract deposits. If you go to make a deposit, then usually banks offer 2 types of deposits, depending on what happens to the interest accrued on your money. The first type of deposits is a deposit without capitalization. In this case, the interest of each payment interval (monthly or quarterly) is paid to your deposit account.

The second option - interest on the deposit is added to the amount of the deposit and further accrual in the new period for the amount of the deposit + interest from previous period. IN general case The second option is more profitable and the income from it will be higher. But there is one BUT. Typically, the rates on deposits with capitalization are lower than for deposits without capitalization. To choose the most profitable deposit, you need to calculate the effective interest rate on the deposit. In the case of a deposit without capitalization, the effective rate = the initial rate of the bank.

Formula and example of calculating a deposit without capitalization

For an example of calculation, let's take the deposit of the KRK of the Kopilka bank
Under this offer of the bank, an interest rate of 9% per year is provided.
Let's say the amount of the initial deposit is 200 thousand rubles.
Duration - 6 months or 182 days
The payment date is December 12, 2012.

The contribution provides monthly payment interest on the client's current account with the Bank, i.е. without capitalization%.
We will try to receive payment on the deposit in January, February and March 2013.
To do this, consider the formula for calculating payments on a deposit without capitalization:

• Where Amount - the amount of funds deposited from the contract
• Interest rate - deposit rate
• The number of days in a year is 365 or 366, depending on whether it is a leap year or not.
• The number of days in the period is the difference between the 2 next payment dates (or the date of the first payment and the date of contribution)

It should be noted that although payments are made once a month, the bank accrues interest every day. Eventually, monthly income depends on the number of days between the 2 payment dates or on the actual number of days during which the money was in the bank.
The second nuance to consider is the interest rate per day. Since 2013 and 2012 have different numbers of days, the formula should take into account the number of days in a year.
Thus, the interest formula for the period December 12, 2012 - January 12, 2013 will look like:

By substituting our data into this formula, we can obtain the payment amount on January 12, 2013 from KRK Bank.

Where S is the amount of the deposit payment that you will receive in your account. That is, for the first month the income will be 1526.21 rubles.
Next, we calculate the payment for the period January 13, 2013 - February 12, 2013.
Here both dates are in the same year, you can use the first formula. You just need to calculate the difference between the dates

12.01.2013 — 12.02.2013 = 31

Substitute this difference and get the amount of interest in February

200 000 * 0.09*31/365 = 1528.77

And finally, let’s calculate the payment for February 13 - March 12, 2013 using the same formula.
We have a period of 28 days between February 12 - March 12
The income from your savings will be

200 000 * 0.09*28/365 = 1380.82

Similarly, you can calculate your income in subsequent months. Let's check our calculations using .


The payment schedule shows that the results obtained manually coincide with the results of the calculator. But it's not that simple. A rate of 9 percent is a fairly low rate. Let's consider the calculation of deposits with high rates.

Taxation if the deposit rate is higher than the Central Bank refinancing rate +5%

Now in all large banks deposit rates are low. There is no crisis and banks are not raising money. Another thing is the crisis, when banks offered deposit rates of up to 20%.
It's pretty profitable proposition. But it should be noted that with a rate of 20% you will not receive 20% of the deposit amount at the end annual period. The fact is that income on a deposit at a rate higher than the Central Bank refinancing rate + 5% is subject to a 35 percent tax. This is only for ruble deposits
For foreign currency deposits— if the rate exceeds 9%, then you need to pay tax on income. Those. the government takes its share of your savings income. At the same time, the effective interest rate decreases and it is no longer equal to the initial one specified in the deposit agreement.
The Central Bank set the refinancing rate as of September 14, 2012 at 8.25% per year.
Thus, we will determine the rate on which interest will be charged a tax of 35% of income.

20 -(8.25 + 5) = 6.75%

Let’s say the percentage on our deposit is not 9%, but all 20%
Let's try to calculate the interest on the deposit for the first period.
It will consist of income based on a rate of 20% minus 35 percent of income at a rate of 6.75%
Let's consider the calculation process


Moreover, the tax is rounded to whole numbers.
S1 - amount of income before tax
S2 - amount of withholding tax

Calculation for residents and non-residents.

It should also be taken into account that tax rate depends on whether you are a resident or not.
Non-resident is if you are a citizen of a state other than the Russian Federation.
For non-residents the tax rate is 30%. For residents - 35 percent.
For example, let’s calculate the first payment of our deposit at 20% for a non-resident.
The first payment in this case will be calculated according to the formulas

Those. S2 has changed because The deposit tax rate has changed. The accrued interest S1 remained the same.
The effective interest rate on such a deposit will be equal to 17.970% (Taken from the results of calculations of the deposit calculator)
It should be noted that these calculations can be easily implemented in Excel or using the deposit calculator mentioned above. It will be able to calculate the deposit without capitalization, and will also allow you to take into account deposits and withdrawals.