Deputy Prime Minister Olga Golodets proposed allowing Russian women to spend this money for any purpose. She instructed the Ministry of Labor to work out this idea together with the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economic Development.
ON THIS TOPIC
Additional payments to the mother capital may be introduced in our country as early as 2018, Life.ru reports, citing a source in the government. Lawyer and founder of the public movement "Parents' Rights" Victoria Dergunova considers it a good idea to expand the list of what mother's capital can be spent on. However, according to her, you need to "do everything within reason."
“This payment is aimed at improving the conditions of the family and children, therefore it should be directed to the child. That is, it is better to exclude options when parents can invest money in entrepreneurial activities or pay their debts,” the expert believes. Otherwise, in her opinion, maternity capital will lose its meaning.
However, many parents still spend the payment from the state treasury on whatever they want. In doing so, they have to circumvent the law. "The most common fraud mechanism is when parents pretend that they want to spend money on improving living conditions, buy housing, and then sell it and divide the money," says Dergunova.
According to the professor of the department of labor and social policy Institute of Civil Service and Management Lyubov Khrapylina, maternity capital there is one more weak side- instability. “When we adopt a law or a decision that is significant for the population, we must not forget that the law must exist for a long time. In our country, the situation with maternity capital is very unstable,” says the professor.
Maternity capital will be allowed to spend for any purpose. Mothers who give birth to a second child under the age of 35 will receive not only maternity capital (now it is 453 thousand rubles), but also an additional payment to it (250 thousand rubles). Moreover, the surcharge can be used for any purpose. Deputy Prime Minister Olga Golodets instructed the Ministry of Labor to work out this idea together with the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economic Development. Surcharges may appear from 2018.
Parents have the right to spend 25 thousand rubles from maternity capital for any purpose even now. The idea of giving parents even more freedom has been discussed for a long time. For example, the other day, State Duma deputies from three parties at once (KPRF, LDPR and A Just Russia) proposed allowing families to spend maternity capital on buying a car. The deputies clarified that it would be possible to buy only a domestic car. It will be possible to sell it only after three years.
The idea to expand the list of what maternity capital can be spent on is not bad, but everything must be done within reason, - says Victoria Dergunova, lawyer, founder of the Parents' Rights public movement. - This payment is focused on improving the conditions of the family and children, so it should be directed to the child. That is, options when parents can invest money in some entrepreneurial activity or pay your debts, for example, it is better to exclude, otherwise maternity capital in the form in which it was conceived will lose its meaning.
According to her, this is illegal, including because it is impossible to cash out mother's capital.
According to Lyubov Khrapylina, a professor at the Department of Labor and Social Policy at the Institute of Civil Service and Management, the maternity capital program has one weakness - instability.
Maternal capital - good tool in order to stimulate childbearing, to solve the colossal population problem in Russia, she said. - But when we adopt a law or a decision that is significant for the population, we must not forget that the law must exist for a long time, without endless shyness. In our country, the situation with maternity capital is very unstable now, they are constantly trying to cancel it, change it, make not a one-time large payment, but monthly installments. This is all extremely inappropriate.
As Lyubov Khrapylina noted, medical workers and social workers should have accurate information about maternity capital to dissuade a woman from having an abortion. But now many simply do not know what to say, because something is constantly changing, either for the worse or for the better.
Indeed, it is rather difficult for parents to understand when the program may end and how the program may change. In 2015, it was reported that it had been extended until the end of 2018. Now the government is discussing the possibility of extending it until 2023.
At the same time, additional payments are not the only possible change. According to Life's source, the Ministry of Labor should also work on the idea of large benefits. A woman who has given birth to two (at least) children before the age of 25 will receive monthly allowance for each child (until he is 1.5 years old) in the amount of living wage(the subsistence minimum for children is now officially set at 9.3 thousand rubles).
Now minimum size allowance for child care (until he turns 1.5 years old) is 2.9 thousand rubles (for the first) and 5.8 thousand rubles (for the second, third, etc.).
Also, the Ministry of Construction should work out proposals on how to stimulate the birth of children in young families who have taken out a mortgage. The maternity capital program has been operating since 2007. According to the Pension Fund, 6.6 million Russian families have already received payments.
How to use the mat capital for the purchase of housing and other needs? What is the term and procedure for using maternity capital funds? Is it possible to use family capital without waiting 3 years?
Hello, dear readers of the HeatherBober online magazine. You are welcomed by permanent site expert Eduard Stembolsky.
We continue a series of publications on maternity capital. Subject this article– competent, efficient and profitable use of funds provided by the state certificate for family capital.
Let's start, friends!
1. General procedure for using maternity capital - terms, conditions, rules and documents
The state incentive program for families with two or more children has been operating since 2007. Initially, the amount of maternity capital (MC) was 250 thousand rubles, at present its size (thanks to annual indexation) - 453 thousand.
The main goal of the program is to increase the birth rate in the country and stimulate natural increase population. You can get a certificate for family capital immediately after the birth (adoption) of the second (or subsequent) child, however, you can use the funds (with the exception of certain situations) only after the baby is three years old.
The amount is not given to parents or children after they come of age: it is not cash, but a kind of financial asset, which can only be used for specific needs. The list of such needs is limited by law.
A few important facts regarding the use of MK:
- one family can receive benefits only once (with the exception of regional programs, according to which you can receive capital again after the birth of the fourth or fifth child);
- you can apply to the Pension Fund of Russia (PFR) at any time after the birth of the 2nd (or subsequent) child;
- a change in the amount of capital due to indexation is not a reason to replace an already received certificate;
- The allowance is given to the parents, not the child.
Certificates are issued by the Pension Fund. This structure also deals with all decisions regarding intended use funds. More specifically, the FIU approves or refuses families' proposals for the use of public funds.
Families with a second baby can apply immediately after this event to regional office Foundation at the place of stay or residence.
There are 3 options for applying:
- Personally.
- Through a trustee.
- By mail (including email).
Women who have given birth or adopted children after January 1, 2007, men who are adoptive parents or single parents have the right to own a certificate.
The following documents are required to obtain a certificate:
- application in the form;
- applicant's passport;
- birth certificates of all children in the family;
- adoption court order.
The application is considered by the Fund within a month (during this time, employees conduct a standard legal check), after which a decision is made on issuing the right to benefits. If the applicant cannot come for the document in person, it is sent to him by mail.
Pay attention to some nuances: capital is issued only for children born (adopted) after 01/01/2007. However, in the “children” column, all children must be indicated, including those born before this date.
Example
The mother gave birth to 3 children - in 2004, 2007 and 2015. When applying for a certificate in 2017, she needs to indicate that the allowance should be issued in connection with the birth of a second child. However, all children, including the youngest, must be listed on the application.
In this case, the family will be able to dispose of the funds immediately after the issuance of the certificate, since 3 years have passed since the birth of the second baby.
The certificate itself is a security bearer: it is not valid without an identity document. The form has several degrees of protection, but the paper itself without confirmation of information in a single state register has no value.
This I mean that document forgery is meaningless - only those who have the legal right to access the funds provided by the certificate can access it. However, there are mother capital frauds: I will talk about them in a separate section of our article.
Important news on the topic:
President Putin proposed extending the maternal program until 2022. In addition, he proposed to introduce a number of changes to its implementation.
Now families that need it will be able to receive maternity capital funds in the first 1.5 years after the birth of a child - in the form of monthly payments of about 10,000 rubles.
In addition, families can use the mother's capital to care for a child in the preschool period, paying for the services of private kindergartens and nurseries.
News video on this topic:
2. Can I use mate capital up to 3 years?
The current legislation states that it is possible to obtain the right to use the funds provided by the certificate only after the baby reaches three years of age.
At first, there were no exceptions to this rule, but practice has shown that it is not practical for many families to wait three years, since money is often needed right now, and not in the near future.
This is especially true for families who do not have their own housing or live in a cramped apartment with two or more children. Governmental support especially important in the first years of the life of the second or next child, and not after three years.
For this reason, the state met the needs of young families and allowed, in some situations, to use maternity capital for up to 3 years.
Early use of money is possible in the following cases:
- if you need to repay an existing home loan;
- if you need to make a down payment on a mortgage;
- if you need to pay a loan received for the construction of housing or its reconstruction.
You can repay the mother's money both the principal amount of the loan and the interest. But pay penalties and fines for late payments state assets forbidden.
In all cases, the decision to transfer funds to bank accounts is made by the Pension Fund. Sometimes employees of this institution refuse to use capital early - for example, if they suspect certificate holders of misappropriation of funds.
3. How to use maternity capital in 2018 - TOP 5 popular ways
Deciding to use family money, parents should carefully consider all the pros and cons, since it will not be possible to receive state subsidies a second time.
Families who have a difficult housing situation - nowhere to live, overcrowding, inappropriate living conditions - do not have to think much. Money needs to be spent on the purchase of real estate or the construction (reconstruction) of a house.
If there are no problems with living space, you should think about the education of children: investing in the development of a child is the most profitable and promising type of investment.
Let us consider in more detail all types of treatment with family capital.
Method 1. Buying an apartment (house)
If the family already has their own savings, but they are not enough to buy an apartment, you can supplement the required amount from the mother's capital.
According to statistics, the acquisition of real estate is the most popular and relevant option for using public funds. Matkapital is used both for a one-time purchase of an apartment, and for the purchase of housing with a loan.
Not all housing can be bought with state assets.
Requirements for real estate objects are strictly regulated:
- apartments and houses purchased with mother capital funds must be located in Russia;
- housing should not be dilapidated and emergency;
- real estate must have the status of a full-fledged residential facility.
The transfer of money to the seller's account occurs only after a positive response from the PFR on the expenditure of funds and the registration of the act of sale and purchase in Rosreestr ( Federal Service state registration).
To protect the interests of children FIU staff are obliged to personally check the acquired housing for compliance with the requirements established by law. If it seems to them that the house or apartment is unsuitable for children, they may refuse to finance the transaction.
Pay attention to a few important facts:
- When buying a home, it is issued for all family members(usually this is dad, mom, 2 children).
- It is not necessary to use the entire amount of capital- part of the funds can be left for other purposes.
- The decision to transfer funds is made by the Fund within 2 months- be sure to calculate the terms of buying a home in advance to avoid conflicts and misunderstandings with the seller.
- Buy on matkapital land forbidden- The land will have to be bought at its own expense.
In fact, housing is taken either in installments (if the seller agrees to wait for the transfer of funds), or the buyer draws up a loan, transfers money former owner apartments, and pays the debt to the bank from the mother's capital.
All the details about acquiring private housing on state benefits are in the article "".
Method 2. Improvement of living conditions - reconstruction and construction
Another way to improve living conditions is to build a house yourself or with the help of contractors. Parent assets can also be used for these purposes.
Previously, it was possible to build houses with family money only with the involvement of professional construction organizations. However, practice has shown that it is more profitable for many families to build housing on their own, calculating the time of work and purchasing building materials on their own.
Money for construction can be requested from the FIU in advance or reimbursed retroactively (if you want to build a house before the baby reaches the age of three). In the latter case, it is important to keep all receipts and documentary evidence of your expenses.
Funds for the construction of the house are issued in 2 stages. First, 50% of the requested funds are transferred, and after six months, the second half falls into the account. An important condition is that in 6 months you must lay the foundation, build walls and a roof of the future house.
I have already described in detail about the use in one of the previous articles.
Now about the reconstruction of housing. This term refers to a real change in the technical characteristics of the apartment in order to increase their efficiency and functionality.
In other words, traditional home renovation - plumbing change, parquet laying, installation plastic windows and stretch ceilings - pay public funds will not work.
What about reconstruction?
- increase in the area or number of storeys of housing;
- changing the technical characteristics of the premises (for example, turning the attic into an attic);
- full update load-bearing structures- in particular, an increase in the height of the ceilings in the house.
All work on changing the characteristics of the building is pre-agreed with the relevant institutions.
Method 3. Loans, loans and mortgages under maternity capital
With the help of mother capital, you can deposit an initial fee on the loan and repay the main part of it. Before applying to the bank for loans under the MK, you should obtain permission to use state subsidies in the PFR.
Only when the employees of the Fund give the go-ahead, it is worth negotiating with financial institutions about issuing a loan. You will not be able to use the funds on your own bypassing the FIU.
The Fund allows the use of money only for the purpose of improving housing conditions. Take consumer loans secured by mother capital is prohibited, although in some regions of the Russian Federation this practice takes place.
IN big banks you can get a mortgage under matkapital. This money is used as a down payment or a way to reduce monthly payments. Mortgages can be repaid up to 3 years of age.
Example
The Petrov family has a mortgage debt for 20 years. 10 years after the start of payments, they have a child. Immediately after receiving the certificate, parents have the right to redirect funds to repay the loan or reduce interest rate by mortgage.
For positive decision for issuing loans secured by MC, borrowers must have fixed income, stable work and clean credit history.
Method 4. Payment for education
Education means not only studying at a university, but also any other training and development programs. You can spend money on education from 3 to 25 years, using government assistance as needed.
The most popular ways to use mother capital:
- payment for kindergartens;
- payment for circles, music and art schools;
- education in higher and secondary educational institutions;
- accommodation of students in a hostel.
Public and private educational institutions work with MK. The main condition is that they must be located on the territory of the Russian Federation. Unfortunately, it will not work to pay for education at a European university with state support.
Method 5. Transfer of funds to the pension account
Experts believe that the allocation of funds for the accumulation of a mother's pension is a profitable and far-sighted decision. Although only a few of the total number of certificate holders use this method, the prospects for this option are quite numerous.
First, this money is invested in general pension savings, which means they are included in circulation and increase the percentage of income.
If you direct these funds to a non-state Pension Fund, you have a chance for a significant increase in funds, since such organizations are engaged not only in storage, but also in investing this money in profitable financial instruments with little risk.
You also have the right to change your mind at any time and withdraw funds from the NPF along with accrued interest.
For clarity, I combined all the options for using MK in a comparative table.
№ Ways to use Advantages Flaws 1 Buying a house New housing at a reduced price Not all developers work with maternity capital 2 Reconstruction and construction Opportunity to radically improve living conditions with public money complex scheme documentation procedures 3 Loans and credits You can make a down payment or repay existing loans Not all banks issue loans against mat capital 4 Payment for education You can use it at any time from 3 to 25 years Not all institutions work with family public assets 5 Contribution to the pension It is possible to increase the amount of capital in private non-state companies Risk of losing part of the funds due to inflation 4. Allocation of the shares of children and husband when using mat capital - legal advice
Many certificate holders are concerned about an important question - how to allocate the shares of the husband and children when using mother capital to purchase real estate.
When buying an apartment and a house, the inclusion of the husband and all children in the list of owners of the object is a prerequisite.
Loan agreements for the purchase of housing are often drawn up by both parents - they are co-borrowers and homeowners.
However, the employees of the Pension Fund will not issue permission for the use of funds without a written obligation of the parents to include all existing children (including adopted children) among the owners of the purchased apartment.
An agreement on the allocation of shares can be drawn up at a notary public or independently. This must be done no later than six months after buying a home or acquiring it on credit.
If such a procedure has not been carried out, all subsequent housing transactions will be considered illegal, as, indeed, the very possession of a house or apartment. The specific size of the shares is not specified by law: the main thing is that all children should be endowed with their part of the housing.
5. Fraud and scams with mat capital - how to avoid fraud
Although MK is not "live" cash, there are plenty of hunters to profit from them. There are dozens of fraudulent schemes developed by scammers in order to use mother's capital for their own purposes.
The main types of fraud:
- illegal cashing out of capital;
- obtaining a certificate by people who do not have the right to it;
- real estate scams: the acquisition of non-existent housing, fictitious sales contracts, the sale of construction shares acquired with mother capital;
- scams of officials who have access to the disposal of assets.
The simplest scheme is a direct deception of certificate holders. The criminals promise to “help with cashing out” funds for certain percentages, but after taking a commission, they disappear without a trace.
Good prospects for fraudsters were opened by operations with mother capital through MFIs. However, since 2015, microfinance organizations have been officially banned from working with maternity capital.
In 2018, families with many children continue to receive certificates for maternity family capital. Changes have been made to the program that expand the scope of the use of funds.
What can you spend maternity capital on?
In 2019, mother capital is allowed to use in 4 different directions. Legislation is constantly improving, the greatest changes have affected families with disabled children.
For the education of children
Maternity capital is issued not for a specific child, but for the whole family, regardless of the number of children. You can spend money for the education of any child over the age of 3.
The use of materiel for education is regulated by the Government Decree № 926 , adopted in December 2007. Funds can be spent on training if there are appropriate grounds:
- the child is studying in Russia;
- the educational institution and its programs have state accreditation;
- the student has not reached the age of 25 when applying for maternity capital, the maximum age for obtaining is 23 years.
Education includes not only schools and universities, but also circles and programs of additional education in public, private and municipal educational institutions. The only caveat is the Pension Fund it will take 2 months to transfer funds at the expense of the organization, this should be agreed in advance.
To pay for kindergarten
Pay for kindergarten completely with the help social assistance It is impossible, regardless of the financing of the kindergarten. must meet the following conditions:
- operates on the territory of Russia;
- works officially and has all the necessary licenses;
- parents and kindergarten signed an agreement;
- paid only for child care.
From the funds of maternity capital, an amount is allocated for the upbringing, nutrition, adaptation, education and satisfaction of the needs of the child.
This does not include the salary of educators, additional circles and sections that operate in some kindergartens. Fees for various activities for children cannot be paid.
Money to pay for education can only be spent after the child reaches 3 years of age.
The kindergarten is open for kids 1.5 years old, but this is not a reason to use maternity capital before the child is three years old.
For the mother's retirement savings
The woman has the right redirect maternity capital to non-state Pension Fund or management company.
Upon reaching retirement age, she will receive monthly payments. All the woman's pension savings will be added to the money for maternity capital.
Moreover, the mother has the right to write an application for the transfer of funds towards the pension, and then change her mind and withdraw the application. The entire amount will be returned to her in full.
According to the law of the Russian Federation, a woman can receive cash in the form of monthly payments after retirement, if she did not express a desire to spend mother's capital earlier.
Pension legislation establishes several methods for transferring payments:
- The entire amount at once.
- As an urgent pension payment for 10 years. This includes not only mother capital, but also any additional insurance transfers for funded part pensions.
- Monthly perpetual payments to be added to the woman's pension.
To purchase a home or improve conditions
According to government research, . Social help can be used to build your house or to pay your share in the contract equity participation. Real estate can be registered for both a woman and a man. The property must be located on the territory of the Russian Federation.
The improvement of living conditions refers to the following actions:
- Pay off the mortgage taken before or after the issuance of the certificate. Mortgage can be taken before the birth of children. The certificate holder can redeem mortgage at any time, regardless of the age of the minor.
- Partially or completely pay for a new home. Funds will become available only after the child reaches 3 years.
- If a family built a house with their own funds after 2007 and then received the right to maternity capital, they can count on building compensation. Work on the expansion of living space is also compensated. Construction can begin before the baby is born. The applicant presents a cadastral passport, according to which the cost of housing is estimated, then the money is transferred to the card. If the house is worth more than the amount of maternity capital, then the balance will not be repaid.
- If the family plans start building a house, then the required amount will be transferred to the card. Only with the improvement of living conditions can you get cash at your disposal.
To help, social development and adaptation of children with disabilities
Maternity capital is allowed spend on disabled children(family and adopted). The certificate is issued once, funds can be used for the development of one or more disabled children. The main goal of support is to carry out adaptation measures prescribed by the child's treatment program.
Ways to sell mother's capital immediately after receiving
Federal Law No. 256 controls the methods and conditions for the use of state aid. Initially, mother capital funds were allowed to be used only after the child was three years old, without exception. However, the government has identified several problems with such a restriction:
- the funds of mother capital for a long time lay on the accounts of the Pension Fund, not taking part in the country's economy;
- large families did not have the opportunity to expand housing in the first three years of a child's life.
In December 2008, the government adopted Federal Law No. 288, which provides for state assistance at any time if you need to do:
- initial mortgage payment:
- payment of mortgage interest;
- pay off most of the mortgage.
What can't be spent on
The government is discussing adding new options for using state aid. However, in 2018 large families They have no right to spend maternity capital on:
- purchase or construction of a country house;
- buying a car (a car loan cannot be repaid either)
- payment for the repair of an apartment, which is not regarded as an improvement in living conditions;
- repayment of a consumer loan;
- repayment of debts, penalties, payment utilities.
- purchase of land.
Some of the above methods are discussed in the State Duma in 2018. The most popular projects are the purchase of a car and the repayment of a car loan, provided that this is the only vehicle from the certificate holder.
How to get 20,000 rubles in cash from maternity capital
Although it is impossible to receive the entire amount in cash, the certificate holder has the right cash out 20,000 rubles for any expenses. To do this, you need to go to the Pension Fund at the place of residence and submit an application. This amount was not increased in 2018.
In May 2015, Federal Law No. 88 was adopted, allowing the cashing of part of the funds. The recipient of funds is not required to report to the Pension Fund or other authorities on the purpose of using this money.
If most of the mother's capital has already been spent, the applicant has the right to receive a one-time payment of the remaining funds (no more than 20,000 rubles).
Since the one-time payment is part of the anti-crisis support program large families, the applicant is entitled to it only if he gave birth to or adopted a minor until December 2015. For other families, this type of assistance is not available.
To receive the payment, the applicant must approach the MFC or the Pension Fund at the place of residence, the age of the child does not matter. The payment is available once and is issued to a family, not to a specific person.
How to use the certificate
To use the certificate, a citizen must go to the pension fund place of residence and submit the following documents:
- original certificate;
- SNILS;
- passport (original and copy).
The employee will provide an application of the established form, in which there is a column for the purpose of expenses. The applicant completes the form and the review process begins, which may take up to 2 months. Recipients of funds are advised to notify of a possible delay. The applicant can apply for a certificate at any time, the term of application is unlimited. If the applicant has lost the certificate, the PF will issue a new one.
It is important to note that a citizen can submit an application an unlimited number of times and use one certificate for various purposes provided by law.
If a citizen changes his mind about spending family capital, he must approach the PF or MFC and write a refusal. These funds can be spent later.
Maternity capital can be received not only by the mother, but also father and adult child(up to 23 years old), who is studying at an educational institution. If a woman has lost the right to a payment, it will go to the father or child. The certificate expires if all funds have been spent, the owner has disappeared or died, lost parental rights, or committed a crime.
Most often, the issuance of a certificate is denied due to problems with documents, so it is recommended check all papers before submitting them to the PF. It will be denied to persons without Russian citizenship who have already received maternity capital or who have lost parental rights.
The main change in 2018 was. The program aims to integrate these children into society and attend treatment activities. In the future, it is expected to increase the areas of use of state support.
According to statistics, only 54.6% of citizens who issued a certificate for maternity capital applied for its use. The rest of the families are still thinking about what they can spend their maternity capital on.
The fact is that budgetary funds are allowed to be used only in certain areas. Let's take a look at what it is allowed to invest in, and which areas are non-targeted in 2019.
The legislative framework
The program has been operating since 2007. She was approved federal law dated December 29, 2006 No. 256-FZ. In the text this document explains how to use maternal capital. In addition, the following changes were made to the law:
- In 2011, the legislator allowed the use of the certificate for the construction (reconstruction) of a residential building with their own hands.
- 2015 brought changes related to the removal of restrictions on spending budget funds in order to secure the initial mortgage payment. Now the certificate can be sent to the bank immediately after receipt.
- In 2016, it is allowed to use funds for the rehabilitation of disabled children.
- From 01/01/2018, you can issue monthly payments for the 2nd child until he is 1.5 years old.
The main conditions for attracting budget money, laid down in the legislation, look like this:
- use of funds is permitted as in in full at once, and in parts;
- the owner makes the distribution in the application form (through the local authority of the Pension Fund of Russia - PFR);
- the allocation of money from the budget is carried out exclusively in a non-cash format;
- basically, it is allowed to apply for funds after the child's 3rd birthday (except for paying off a mortgage loan).
The main limitation is the young person reaching the age of 25.
Where is it allowed to send mother capital in 2019
In addition, the owner of the certificate is not forbidden to spend money in installments in various areas defined by law. These currently include:
- improving the living conditions of the family;
- payment for services educational institutions(for any child);
- contribution to the accumulative pension fund for the mother;
- compensation for the acquisition of rehabilitation means for disabled children (any child);
- monthly cash payments until the child reaches the age of 1.5 years, in connection with the birth / adoption of which a mother's certificate was issued.
On the lump-sum payment of part of the mother's capital
The money was allowed to be spent on urgent needs, that is, the legislator did not determine the goals for them. However, some restrictions were introduced. These included the following rules:
- payment was allowed to be received only once;
- it was considered anti-crisis and was transferred to the account of the owner of the certificate.
Do you need on the subject? and our lawyers will contact you shortly.
Capital for housing
Most citizens, arguing how to use capital from the state, choose to spend on housing.
At the same time, mother's money is allowed to invest:
- in the construction of objects of individual housing construction, residential buildings, including joint efforts (housing cooperative) with or without the involvement of a contractor;
- reconstruction of premises, which implies a change in their intended use;
- payment of the first mortgage installment;
- reimbursement of interest on a housing loan;
- repayment of existing mortgage debt (principal, not including penalties);
- the acquisition of a whole or part of a dwelling, provided that the remaining share is already owned by family members or is acquired simultaneously with this part.
Investing in children's education
In 2019, an order for the use of mother's capital is allowed to be submitted in order to pay for tuition and related services. At the same time, it does not matter for the education of which of the children the budget money is directed (according to the account, according to the degree of kinship).
The following conditions for spending funds are mandatory:
- educational institution must have state accreditation;
- it is allowed to choose only an institution located within the state borders of Russia;
- a novice student should not be more than 25 years old (it is not necessary to enter a paid university immediately after graduation).
In addition, funds family capital can be used to pay for visits by children:
- sports schools and sections;
- musical and art educational institutions;
- foreign language courses.
Kindergarten payment
Many mothers who choose how to implement maternity capital are attracted by the opportunity to pay for their children to visit a good private kindergarten.
This possibility is spelled out in the government decree of November 14, 2011 931. To implement it, the following conditions must be met:
- make sure the preschool is licensed;
- carries out its activities on the territory of the country;
- conclude an agreement corresponding to the established model;
- highlight in it the price of services for the maintenance of the child:
- nutrition;
- upbringing;
- socialization;
- ensuring hygiene standards.
Mom's pension
The entire amount of state support or only a part can be invested in old age, that is, directed to pensions. This method of spending mother capital is the least popular at the present time. In the case of its implementation, the money will be received:
- at the same time;
- as urgent payments (at least 10 years);
- for life in equal shares after reaching the appropriate age.
Where it is not allowed to spend family funds
In society, there is a constant discussion of other areas for investing mother capital. Almost half of the certificate holders have not decided where to spend state aid. Citizens are not satisfied with the directions defined in current legislation. Thus, proposals are made to include in the list of permitted purposes:
- purchase of vehicles;
- the attachment public money to the cottage;
- acquisition of land;
- compensation for the cost of repairing the apartment;
- payment of a consumer loan.
Some of the announced proposals were also discussed in the State Duma. Thus, since 2009, draft amendments to the law dated December 29, 2006 No. 256-FZ are regularly submitted to the legislature, which provides for the purchase of a car for transporting passengers using a certificate.
Important! All of the above methods of using mother capital prohibited by law.
In addition, there are other restrictions on the investment of public money included in the budget for the payment of state support to families with children. So, it is forbidden for them to repay the loan debt formed from penalties.
How to spend maternity capital funds
In order to dispose of state aid, you must contact the local branch of the FIU. The owner of the certificate must do this by providing the following documents:
- certificate (original);
- identity card (copy of passport);
- SNILS.
In addition, you need to fill out an application for the disposal of family (maternity) capital. This is a standardized form that without fail indicated special purpose spending.
The decision to approve and transfer money is made by the PFR specialists within 1 month. Therefore, recipients need to be warned about the delay.
Important! Applications for the disposal of money under the certificate are allowed to be submitted as many as required. If a citizen changes his mind about spending some part of state aid, he should write an application to cancel the previous one.
The package of documents for the disposal of mother capital includes papers justifying its intended use. They are described in government regulations:
- No. 862 dated 12/12/2007 - for housing;
- No. 926 24.12.2007 - for educational services.
Monthly cash payment
At the end of 2017, the President of Russia added another direction for the use of maternity capital funds - monthly cash payments to families in which a second or subsequent children were born (adopted) after 01/01/2018. Conditions for receiving payment:
- The family must permanently reside in Russia.
- The amount of income per family member should not exceed 1.5 times the subsistence level. When calculating the amount of family income, all the money received by family members, before taxes, is taken into account.
The amount of the payment is the amount of the living wage for children. You can apply for the appointment of such a benefit at the territorial branch of the Pension Fund or the nearest MFC. An application for the appointment of a payment can be submitted simultaneously with an application for the issuance of a mother capital. The allowance will be paid until the child reaches the age of 1.5 for which it is assigned.
The funds are transferred to the applicant's bank account, and their spending is not controlled. At the same time, the size of the mother's capital decreases monthly by the amount of the monthly payment.
Which direction of investment to choose
The holders of the certificate will have to decide on the spending of the money allocated from the state. The legislator does not limit citizens in the terms and choice of goals laid down in the legislation:
- family capital can be used even after the end of the program, that is, the certificate will not be lost;
- if the owner does not choose the method of investing funds, they will automatically be attracted to his pension provision after reaching the required age.
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