Plastic cards - is the most requested banking product. Almost every bank customer has a credit and debit card, and even more than one. But all cards can have their own characteristics and differences, so it’s worth considering the types in more detail. bank cards. The classification of "plastic" will help in the future to make right choice product.

What is a bank card

We have been familiar with this payment instrument for a long time, in simple words"plastic" is the key to a debit or credit bank account. With it, you can manage money at a distance, pay in stores or on the Internet. In addition, having a plastic card, you can replenish via Internet banking mobile phone, pay public utilities, fines and fees.

But, due to the fact that there are quite a lot of banking offers, it is difficult for potential customers to make a choice. Let's try to consider as accurately as possible what types of payment cards exist, how they differ.

Card types

Currently, there are the following types of bank cards:

1. Personal. The owner of the plastic can only be an individual, it is issued for inappropriate use.
2. Salary. This type cards are issued for a specific purpose - transfer wages, that is, it is not credit.
   Corporate. This is a payment instrument, usually linked to the company's current account, used by an authorized person in order to ensure the activities of the organization.
3. Prereleased. This is an unnamed “plastic” of an instant release, its main difference is that there is no last name and first name of the owner on the front side.
4. Prepaid. The card has a certain limit that can be used, then you can not replenish the account.
5. Gift. This is an alternative gift for the holiday, the bottom line is that there is a certain amount on the card account that can be spent on purchases, but not withdraw cash. It is also disposable, without the possibility of replenishment.

So, plastic cards of banks are divided into replenishable and non-replenishable. Let's take a closer look at the features of these cards.

Classification by settlement operations

All payment bank cards are divided into debit, credit and overdraft. Credit cards require the use borrowed money bank, in other words, one of the forms of lending. Accordingly, the user is obliged to pay interest for using loans, with the only difference being that there is no payment schedule and a fixed amount payable. In addition, each bank offers borrowers Grace period during which no fee is charged.

Another, no less popular type of banking "plastic" is a debit card. There are no borrowed funds on it, and its owner can only replenish the account and use it to pay for goods and services. Salary cards are also debit cards, with the only difference that the account is replenished not by the owner, but by his employer.

Classification of plastic cards

Debit cards are simpler in design, in order to become the owner of "plastic" it is enough to come to any bank with a passport and fill out a questionnaire.

An overdraft card has similar features to a credit and debit card. Usually an overdraft facility is available to members salary project. The essence of an overdraft is that the user, after the end of his own funds, can use borrowed funds. Overdraft debt (overspending) is written off at the first replenishment of the account.

Classification depending on the global payment system

Here we are talking about choosing a global payment system, we will consider only the most popular of them, namely Visa, Master Card, American Express. The most widespread and demanded all over the world is Visa. Its main currency is the dollar, that is, when paying for purchases abroad, this fact must be taken into account. For example, if the user pays for purchases and services in dollars, then currency conversion is performed at no additional cost. And when paying for purchases in another currency, a double conversion will occur, first into dollars, then into another currency.

The Visa card is available to users in more than 200 countries of the world, it can be opened in any currency, and several accounts can be linked to one card at the same time.

The "native" currency of the Master Card card is the euro, that is, it is more relevant for those who often use this particular currency abroad. Otherwise, the card has a lot of advantages - bonuses and discounts from partners, the ability to use it anywhere in the world, transfer to any currency.

American Express is an American company, one of the largest in the world. financial companies. In our country, American Express is less common than Visa, MasterCard, however, it is the choice of some bank customers that falls on it. The main advantage of American Express is that they are accepted anywhere in the world.

The choice of a payment system is important mainly for those who often travel abroad, those who use the card within our country, this criterion does not matter much.

Classification of cards by status

Everyone who is a bank customer knows that all bank cards have a certain status, or, in other words, all plastic can be divided into several classes: Standard, Gold, Platinum, Premium. The entry level is Standard, as a rule, these are cards that have a limited range of features, although they are also accepted both in Russia and abroad, not all of them are suitable for paying for purchases in online stores.

Classification of bank cards

"Plastic" class Gold, Platinum, Premium differ significantly from the standard version in that its owners can count on premium round-the-clock service, a huge number of bonuses and discounts in our country and abroad. As well as service anywhere in the world, including cash in case of loss of a credit card, travel insurance and many other benefits. By the way, all premium cards are embossed, that is, on the front side there is the name of the owner, which indicates a high degree of security of funds, for example, in order to pay, she must enter a PIN code.

Notice what more possibilities gives a banking product, the more expensive its maintenance.

How to make the right choice

There is no need to talk about the number of banking offers, there are so many of them that each potential client will definitely find the one that has the optimal set of functions and will correspond to the maximum individual requirements. Special attention among other things, it is worth paying attention to security, insofar as we are talking about money, no matter your own or borrowed. Modern system 3-D Secure makes online shopping more secure.

Another fact that users often pay attention to is bonus programs, which are offered by banks and payment systems themselves. Cash Back, that is, a refund to the account when paying for purchases, may also seem like an attractive offer.

The most important thing when choosing a banking product is that the cost of its maintenance should be comparable to the volume of opportunities provided.

And these are not all types of bank cards, besides, the sphere banking services are developing rapidly, new products are appearing and familiar to us are being improved. Today, the user can not only get a real plastic card, but also a virtual one (it does not have a physical medium, only a set of details), it is convenient to use it for those who prefer online shopping.

Mosoblbank credit card bank card

Whatever international payment system they belong to payment cards , and no matter how attractive the design used by banks when issuing them, the principles of operation of the cards are subject to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the banking legislation of the Russian Federation and are set out in the Regulations Central Bank RF.

The main principles of the functioning of payment cards are set out in the Regulation of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation "On the issue of bank cards and on operations performed using payment cards" (approved by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on December 24, 2004 N 266-P) (as amended on September 23, 2008).

In accordance with this Regulation of the Central Bank, each credit institution may issue bank cards of the following types:

1. Settlement (debit) card- intended for transactions within the established amount of funds (expenditure limit). Settlements on such a card are carried out at the expense of the client's funds in his bank account, or at the expense of a loan provided to the client in accordance with the bank account agreement in case of insufficiency or temporary absence of funds in the bank account (overdraft).


2. Credit card- intended for transactions, settlements for which are carried out at the expense of funds provided by the credit institution - issuer to the client within the established limit in accordance with the conditions loan agreement.


3. Prepaid card- is intended for its holder to perform transactions, settlements for which are carried out by the credit institution - issuer on its own behalf, and certifies the right of the holder of the prepaid card to claim the credit institution - issuer for payment for goods (works, services, results of intellectual activity) or for the issuance of cash.

Bank payment card is a universal payment instrument with which individuals (cardholders) can carry out the following transactions:

• receive cash cash in currency Russian Federation or foreign currency on the territory of the Russian Federation;


• receive cash in foreign currency outside the territory of the Russian Federation;


• pay for goods (works, services, results of intellectual activity) in the currency of the Russian Federation on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as in foreign currency - outside the territory of the Russian Federation;


• other transactions in the currency of the Russian Federation, in respect of which the legislation of the Russian Federation does not establish a prohibition (restriction) on their performance;


• other transactions in foreign currency in compliance with the requirements of the currency legislation of the Russian Federation.

Bank payment cards (for material carrier) conform to certain design standards and have a format defined by ISO 7810 ID-1:

• width - 85.6 mm,


• height - 53.98 mm,


• thickness - 0.76 mm.

You can see more details about the size of a bank card and the material for its manufacture.

Symbols and design elements on a bank card

Front layout and reverse side conditional bank payment card looks something like this:

The front side of a bank card may have the following elements and designations:

1. Name and surname of the card holder - in Latin transcription.


2. Card expiration date - month and last two digits of the year


3. The name and logo of the payment system with which the card is serviced.


4. Card number - consisting of 16. Card number can have 18 - 19 digits


5. Chip - additional card protection


6. The abbreviated company name of the bank, uniquely identifying it.


7. Logo of the issuing bank that identifies the bank.

The reverse side of a bank card may have the following elements and designations:

1. Bank name - repeated at the bottom of the card


2. Paper strip for owner's signature


3. CVV2 or CVC2 - authentication code, not found on all categories of cards. On American Express cards, the code is located on the front side (four-digit number above the card number)


4. Magnetic stripe (black)

Appearance of bank cards

Which appearance cards choose a bank? For example, I will give the types of bank cards of the three most popular banks among the population:

When considering the given samples of plastic cards of the above banks, it can be stated that, despite the presence of various color patterns, images are clearly visible on all cards: the name and logo of the bank, the logo and name of the international payment system (VISA, Maestro, MasterCard), card number, etc. .d.

On the front side of the card, any specific pattern can also be applied, and the logo and name of the bank can be located on top, but in any places determined by the bank's designer (on the right or on the left). As a rule, the main color scheme and pattern of each bank has its own peculiarity peculiar only to this bank.

A bank card can be issued to an individual, regardless of his citizenship (both resident and non-resident). Issuance of bank cards to the client and execution of transactions on bank account with their use, is carried out on the basis of an agreement

Plastic cards occupy a significant place in the settlement system of many industrial developed countries. IN last years different kinds plastic cards began to be used in Russia.

plastic card- is a plate of standard sizes (85.6 mm, 53.9 mm, 0.76 mm), made of special plastic, resistant to mechanical and thermal influences. From the above, it is clear that the main function of a plastic card- ensuring the identification of the person using it as a subject.

Classification of plastic cards of banks

There are many features by which plastic cards can be classified.

According to the material from which they are made:

• paper (cardboard);
• plastic;
• metal.

At present, almost ubiquitous spread of plastic cards. However, paper (cardboard) cards sealed in a transparent film are often used to identify the cardholder. These are laminated cards. Lamination is a fairly cheap and easily accessible procedure, and therefore, if the card is used for payments, then in order to increase security against counterfeiting, a more advanced and complex technology for making plastic cards is used. At the same time, unlike metal, plastic can be easily heat treated and pressured (embossed), which is very important for personalizing a card before issuing it to a client.

For general purposes:

• identification;
• informational;
• for financial transactions.

This division is not mutually exclusive. For example, big company may issue a card to each of its employees, which:

• is a pass allowing access to certain areas of the enterprise (identification function);
• on the same card, any important information about the cardholder - information function;
• in addition, such a card can also be used for settlements in canteens and shops of this company - a settlement function.

System using multifunctional cards really exists abroad, and it is obvious that combining many functions in one plastic card is promising, since such a multifunctional card is convenient for the issuer and for the holder.

Based on the calculation mechanism:

• bilateral systems— arose on the basis of bilateral agreements between participants in the settlements, under which cardholders can use them to purchase goods in closed networks controlled by the card issuer (department stores, gas stations, etc.);
• multilateral systems- provide cardholders with the opportunity to buy goods on credit from various merchants and service organizations that recognize these cards as a means of payment. Multilateral systems are led by national bank card associations as well as travel and entertainment card companies (such as American Express).

By type of calculations:

• credit cards associated with the discovery credit line in a bank, which enables the owner to use credit when buying goods and when receiving cash loans. Owner credit card a special card account is opened and a credit limit on the loan account is set for the entire validity period of the card and a one-time limit for the amount of one purchase; within the one-time limit, payment for the purchase can be made without authorization;
• debit cards designed to receive cash from ATMs or to pay for goods with settlement through electronic terminals. The money is debited from the cardholder's bank account. Debit cards do not allow you to pay for purchases in the absence of money in the account.

Some authors single out payment cards as a special category as a type of credit cards. The difference is that total amount debt when using payment card must be repaid in full within a certain time after receipt of the statement without the right to extend the loan.

By category of clientele the issuer is targeting:

• ordinary cards;
• silver cards;
• golden cards.

Ordinary cards are intended for an ordinary client. These are Visa Classic, Eurocard / MasterCard Mass (Standard).

Rice. 14. Visa Classic and Eurocard/MasterCard Mass

Silver card (Silver, Business) is called a business card and is intended for individuals, employees of companies authorized to spend their company's funds within certain limits.

Rice. 15. Visa Business and Eurocard/MasterCard Business

Gold card (Gold) is intended for the wealthiest wealthy clients.

Rice. 16. Visa Gold and Eurocard/MasterCard Gold

The VISA and Europay systems have cards that can only be used at ATMs to receive cash and electronic terminals: Visa Electron, Cirrus/Maestro. They are valid within the limits of the account balance, as a rule, they do not provide credit to the cardholder, and therefore they can be issued to any client, regardless of his level of security or credit history.

By nature of use:

• individual card, issued to individual bank customers, can be standard or golden;
• family card issued to family members of the person who has entered into the contract, who is responsible for the account;
• corporate card issued legal entity, on the basis of this card can be issued individual cards elected persons (managers, chief accountant or valuable employees). They open personal accounts "linked" to the corporate card account. Responsibility to the bank corporate account has an organization, not individual owners of corporate cards.

Rice. 17. Cirrus/Maestro and Visa Electron

By affiliation with the issuing institution:

• bank cards issued by a bank or a consortium of banks;
• commercial cards issued by non-financial institutions: commercial firms or a group of commercial firms;
• cards issued by organizations whose activities are directly the issuance of plastic cards and the creation of an infrastructure for their maintenance.

By area of ​​use:

• universal cards are used to pay for any goods and services;
• private commercial cards are used to pay for a specific service (for example, hotel chain cards, petrol stations, supermarkets).

By territorial affiliation:

• international, operating in most countries;
• national, operating within a state;
• local, used in part of the territory of the state;
• cards valid in one specific institution.

By time of use:

• limited by any time period (sometimes with the right to prolong);
• unlimited (unlimited).

According to the method of recording information on the card:

• graphic record;
• embossing;
• bar coding;
• magnetic stripe encoding;
• laser recording (optical cards).

The earliest and simplest form of recording information on a card was and remains graphic image. It is still used in all cards, including the most technologically sophisticated ones. Initially, only the surname, first name of the card holder and information about its issuer were applied to the card. Later, a sample signature was provided on universal bank cards, and the surname and name began to be embossed (mechanically squeezed out).

Embossing— drawing data on the card in the form of embossed characters. This made it possible to process a card payment operation much faster, making an imprint of a slip on it. Information embossed on the card is instantly transferred to the slip. The method of transferring information embossed on the card is mechanical pressure. Embossing has not completely replaced the graphic image.

bar coding- recording information on a card using barcoding was used before the invention of the magnetic stripe and was not distributed in payment systems. barcode cards, similar topics, which are applied to goods, are quite popular in special card programs where calculations are not required. This is due to the relatively low cost of such cards and reading equipment. At the same time, for better protection, barcodes are covered with a layer opaque to the naked eye and read in infrared light.

Magnetic cards have the same appearance as ordinary plastic cards, only there is a magnetic stripe on the back of the card, and a photograph of the holder and a sample of his signature are also possible.

See below:

It is clear that the magnetic stripe no longer provides the necessary level of information protection against fraud and counterfeiting. Experts began to look for a more reliable way to record information. It turned out to be chip(from the English chip - a crystal with an integrated circuit) or a microcircuit. Chip cards are also often referred to as smart cards.

See below:

In 1981, J. Drexler invented optical card. Optical memory cards have a larger capacity than memory cards, but data can only be written to them once. These cards use WORM (Write Once, Read Many) technology. Recording and reading information from such a card is performed by special equipment using a laser (hence another name - a laser card). The technology used in cards is similar to that used in laser discs. The main advantage of such cards is the ability to store large amounts of information. Such cards have not yet been received in banking distribution technologies due to the high cost of both the cards themselves and the reading equipment.

Requisites and means of protection of international bank cards

			EUROCARD/MasterCard		SBERBANK - MAESTRO
	old design	New design	old design	New design	old design	New design
Front side
Payment system logo (emblem)	In the upper right or lower right corners, a tricolor rectangle consisting of horizontal stripes of blue, white and yellow with the word VISA in blue on the white stripe. Along the perimeter of the logo there is a microtext containing the first four digits of the card number and the code of the issuing bank (may consist of letters and numbers)		EUROPAY INTERNATIONAL: A stylized letter E with a red tongue instead of the middle element and the inscription EUROCARD below it, enclosed in an oval. Truncated version: EUROCARD inscription only INTERNATIONAL: two intersecting circles in red and yellow with MasterCard written in white over the circles		In the lower right corner under the hologram is the Maestro logo in the form of two intersecting circles of blue and red colors with the Maestro inscription made in white paint
Hologram	On the right side of the map in the center is a three-dimensional mirror image of a flying dove. When the card is turned from right to left, the left wing of the dove increases, the right one falls (the dove flaps its wings)		Against the background of horizontal lines containing the word MasterCard, made in microtext, three-dimensional images of the hemispheres of the globe, on which, when the map is rotated, the grid of parallels and meridians changes to the outlines of the continents	Two intersecting flat circles with three-dimensional images of moving continents against the background of horizontal lines containing the word MasterCard. The contours of the circles are made with microtext containing repeated MasterCard symbols	Three-dimensional image of the brand name of the Security Council of the Russian Federation with the inscription Sberbank of Russia in white over it against the background of alternating horizontal lines consisting of the inscriptions Sberbank of Russia and Sberbank
Issuing bank logo	top of the card in the right or left corners the inscription SBERBANK in black printing ink				In the upper right corner of the card, the inscription SBEBANK RUSSIA in black printing ink
Number	Starts with a number 4, divided into 4 groups, consists of 16 numbers (4-4-4-4) or 13 (4-3-3-3) with the last group of numbers on the hologram		Starts with the number 5, divided into 4 groups, consists of 16 numbers (4-4-4-4) with the last group of numbers on the hologram		Consists of 18 digits divided into 2 groups (810 digits) with the last 4 on the hologram
Term data actions	Embossed start date and end date possible use maps in month/year or month/day/year format (10/02 or 10/15/02)				Only the expiration date is embossed in month/year format (12/02)
Information about the bank that issued the card	On VISA cards(Classic, Cold), Sberbank-Maestro, 8 or 9 digits are embossed in the XXXXYYYYY format (XXXX is the branch number, YYYYY is the branch number). This line is missing on VISA Business, Eurocard/MasterCard Business cards
Holder data	The name and surname of the card holder are embossed (it is possible to apply the personal data of two persons) in Latin script. On corporate cards the name of the organization in Latin letters can be embossed.				The name and surname of the cardholder are embossed (IVAN PETROV)
microprinting	In the frame of the logo, the first four digits are the card numbers and the code of the issuing bank (from numbers and letters)		On the bottom layer of the hologram, in horizontal lines, the word MasterCard is written	MC is repeated in the contours of the circles of the hologram	No
Four digit number	It is printed with indelible ink in a contrasting color above or below the 1st group of digits of the card number. The printed digits must completely match the 1st group of digits of the embossed card number		It is printed with indelible and color-contrasting ink under the first digits of the embossed card number and completely matches the first four digits of the card number.		No
Image in UFL	In the center of the card - an image of a blue-violet flying dove (for cards of the Security Council of the Russian Federation) or pink		At the bottom of the map, the letters M and C: M - in the left corner and through the gap in the middle - C		No
Special symbols	Beyond the expiration date of the card: The symbol V (flying V) is embossed, having a non-standard format with an inclination to the right, with limited upper undercuts directed to the left side; Pairs of letters CV, PV, BV are embossed; C, P, B printed + V embossed		After the expiration date of the card, a sign (floating M) is embossed, consisting of elements of the letters M and C		No
Back side
Panel for sample cardholder signature	White stripe filled with diagonal lines with the word VISA in light blue/blue (for cards of third-party issuing banks). Gaps appear when attempting to forge sample signature	White stripe filled with diagonal lines with the word VISA in blue/blue and gold and a 19-digit number printed in a special left-slanted font that includes 16 digits of the card number and 3 digit security code. Gaps appear when attempting to forge a sample signature. The word void appears in spaces - invalid	A white stripe filled with diagonal lines with the word MasterCard or MC in red, blue and yellow and a 19-digit number printed in a special left-slanted font that includes 16 digits of the card number and 3 digit security code. Gaps appear when attempting to forge a sample signature. The word void appears in the prodela - invalid	White stripe filled with diagonal lines with the word MasterCard or MC in red, blue/cyan and yellow and a 7-digit number in the center of the panel, printed in a special font slanted to the left, which includes the last four digits of the card number and 3 digits of the code security. Gaps appear when attempting to forge a sample signature. The word void appears in spaces - invalid	White stripe filled with repeating zigzag lines and SAFESIG lettering. If you try to falsify the sample signature of the cardholder, the lines and inscriptions are erased
magnetic stripe	A black or dark brown magnetic strip soldered into plastic containing information about the cardholder, his account number, bank and additional encoded data printed electronically

Content

Non-cash payment methods have become an integral part of most Russians. A bank card is a type of payment system for paying for services and purchases, storing funds, making transfers and payments via the Internet or ATMs. However, there are people who have not yet decided to use cards due to ignorance of the advantages and features of this banking product.

What is a bank card

Such a product as payment cards appeared in the middle of the 20th century and has already become familiar to most Russians. Plastic can be used to store your savings, manage your expenses, get paid, and social benefits, payment for services and purchases. Initially, the cards were cardboard rectangles with perforations in some places, which were owned only by very rich people. Today, plastic is used for their manufacture, and the range of products is designed for all categories of citizens, including children and pensioners.

What does a bank card look like?

All types of bank credit cards have an international format (according to ISO 7810 ID-1): 8.56 cm x 5.398 cm. The thickness of the plastic is 0.76 mm. It has front and back sides, each of which carries different information. The design and shade of plastic depend on the issuer and the features of the payment system. The design of the front side, as a rule, provides for a pattern, and the reverse side is made in one color. The background contributes to the recognition of the issuer's brand and the aesthetic perception of the card.

Front side

Each side has importance and contains functional information. The following is applied to the outer surface:

1. A four-digit number is an important element of data protection and must match the first block of the number.
2. Name, surname of the owner in Latin. Information is applied to the plastic of customers who decide to personalize their card.
3. Validity period (month/year). After its expiration, the client can reissue the card free of charge, while all the funds in the account will remain, and its details will not change.
4. Logo, hologram of the used payment system.
5. Number (15, 16 or 19 characters).
6. Authentication code (if the bank card belongs to the American Express system, in other cases it is applied on the back).
7. Built-in chip.
8. Logo of the issuing bank.
9. mechanism icon contactless payment.

back side

Any bank card on the back has the following elements:

1. Bank's name.
2. Paper strip for the holder's signature sample.
3. CVV2/CVC2 code (needed to identify the card and the client when making online purchases).
4. Magnetic stripe (information carrier).

Types of bank cards

What are bank cards? There are many differences by which all products are classified. First of all, the card can be issued instantly or produced within two weeks. It depends on whether it is named or unnamed. According to the type of funds that are in the account, credit and debit are distinguished. In addition, banks issue gift options that can be presented to loved ones. Especially for online stores, virtual ones have been developed that have all the data to identify the holder, but do not have a physical medium.

Debit

This option differs in that it is used exclusively for storing the holder's own funds. You can pay for purchases or services with a card only if you have the required amount on your balance. However, the issuer can open an overdraft for the owner of the debit card (if the function is provided for by the agreement), which is needed for payments in case of insufficient funds in the account. A card intended for the transfer of wages is issued as part of a wage project.

Credit

This type differs in that the holder's account contains not only own funds but also borrowed. The issuer establishes a certain credit limit, beyond which it is impossible to spend the bank's money from the account. You can withdraw cash, use it to pay for purchases and services. All credit cards differ in the way interest is calculated for the use of borrowed funds. Most cards have a grace period when you can use money for free. Others provide for the accrual of interest immediately after activation and the first payment transaction.

Virtual for online shopping

Before ordering goods via the Internet, it is important to make sure that the online store is secure. If you use your credit card or debit card online, then there is a risk of data leakage. This threatens to steal funds from the owner's account. Financial institutions took care of their customers and developed such a product as virtual. They do not have a physical medium and are used only for transactions on the Internet. After opening an account, the client receives all the details: number, expiration date, CVC2/CVV2 code.

Prepaid gift

In order not to give relatives or colleagues money in envelopes, banks have developed special prepaid ones. The product has limited functionality and validity. Plastic cannot be replenished or cash withdrawn from it. Electronic money can be spent to pay for purchases or services, after which the credit card cannot be used. The credit card is unnamed, but has all the details of a regular card and can be used all over the world.

Embossed card

Plastic cards are issued both with a plain, and with a relief surface. In the second case, embossing is used in the manufacture - the technology of squeezing out identification information on the surface of the card:

• number;
• validity period (month and year);
• holder details;
• name of the employer's company (for corporate and payroll clients).

Bank non-embossed credit cards have an absolutely flat surface. It should be noted that the production of embossed cards is much more expensive for the bank, therefore, as a rule, premium-class products (gold, platinum series) are embossed. The technology is used to simplify the identification of the owner and plastic, as well as to increase the level of protection of customer data.

Payment systems of bank cards

Absolutely all card products are made on the basis of one of the payment systems. All of them have their own distinctive features and a distinctive logo. On the territory of Russia, cards of the following payment systems are issued:

1. Visa is the most popular, valid in Russia and abroad.
2. Maestro is a Russian payment system, based on which cards are valid only within the country.
3. Mastercard - a card based on this payment system is quite a bit inferior to the previous type and can be used on the territory of many states.
4. American Express - based on this payment system, credit cards are rarely used by Russians. However, the advantage of this type is that American Express cards are accepted anywhere in the world.
5. appeared relatively recently. Cards based on it are issued by most Russian banks and are valid only within the Russian Federation.

How does a bank card work

This bank card is being improved every year. After receiving at the bank, you need to activate the card, then insert the acquiring bank into the terminal. The device reads the information from the card, after which the transaction is carried out. Modern credit cards can be equipped with a security system when paying for purchases on the Internet and a contactless payment function, when a PIN code is not required for the operation. To make a payment for a purchase in an online store, the information and code cvc2/cvv2 are used.

The payment procedure includes the following steps:

1. The acquiring bank processes the information.
2. A request is sent to the issuing bank to transfer the required amount from the card to the seller's account.
3. If the holder has the required amount in the account, the issuer transfers the money to the seller.

Service

It is important to bear in mind that absolutely everything financial institutions set their tariffs for account maintenance. The cost depends on the category of banking products (Classic, Gold, Platinum). Free maintenance available to those customers who meet the relevant requirements of the issuer (provide the necessary movement of funds on the account or the monthly balance). As part of banking services the client can receive information about the account around the clock, block the card, use Internet banking for free.

How to choose a bank card

Each bank offers Russians a whole line of cards. Banking products differ in payment systems, the presence of a chip or magnetic stripe, service tariffs, cashback, bonus programs. To make a choice, it is worth considering all the offers of different banks, paying attention to the issuer's rating, conditions (if a credit card is issued).

When choosing the right option, consider the following:

1. Bank credit cards are classic or bonus. It is not difficult to choose which one suits a particular person, given his lifestyle and preferences.
2. Before signing a banking service agreement, you should carefully study all its clauses.
3. An additional level of security - a chip, protection technology for online purchases, embrossirovanie ensure the safety of the client's savings.
4. Those who often use funds in several currencies should consider multicards, whose current account is opened immediately in rubles, euros, dollars.
5. It is recommended to choose a banking product with payment systems Visa or Master Card to use it seamlessly around the world.

Pros and cons

Among the advantages plastic cards It is worth emphasizing convenience, safety. When traveling abroad, you do not need to convert funds into the currency of another country. In case of loss, you can quickly block the card, after which the bank will reissue the plastic, while the funds in the client's account will remain. The tool is universal, suitable for storing savings, receiving salaries, withdrawing cash. With it, you can pay for services and purchases in any region of Russia and abroad. Bonus programs and cashback allow you to return part of the money spent back to your account.

Considering the types of plastic cards, it is worth highlighting the following disadvantages of this banking product:

1. Not all outlets have terminals for cashless payments.
2. For some non-cash transactions banks charge fees.
3. Issuers charge for servicing a card account from 300 to 9000 rubles a year.
4. When withdrawing cash or replenishing at ATMs of third-party banks, a fee is charged.
5. Unscheduled re-issuance of a credit card is carried out for a fee.
6. Debit card bank is not covered by the deposit insurance system.

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Bank card for payment