When going on maternity leave and child care, a woman is entitled to payments, so she needs to know the rules for calculating them. Employers must also comply with the laws regarding such employees. Maternity money is calculated according to a special formula, which is approved by law.

Pregnant women have many benefits. They do not have the right to fire them at work. It is prohibited to work in this position at night; this can only be done with the consent of the employee herself. The employer does not have the right to burden you with responsibilities. A woman's activities during pregnancy should not be dangerous.

Concept

Maternity period - maternity leave. Usually the term “maternity leave” refers to the time of motherhood. Women take leave until the child is 3 years old. According to the law, there are 2:

• for pregnancy and childbirth;
• for child care.

They correspond to the types of recreation that are prescribed in Art. 255 and 256 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Considering the nature of these payments, it will be easier to navigate the calculations.

Who can receive payments?

The payment of maternity money is enshrined in law. Taking into account its norms, the following groups of citizens can receive benefits:

• women working employment contract;
• students studying at universities and colleges on a full-time basis;
• women who lost their jobs due to the liquidation of the employer or downsizing of the organization.

Except maternity payments, which are provided at a time, can be obtained financial assistance when the child is 1.5 years old. This maternity money can be received by a wider range of people:

• citizens of the Russian Federation, including those who live in other countries because of work;
• foreigners who live in Russia;
• stateless persons who have compulsory insurance.

The law states that there is the right to choose the person who will care for the child until he turns 1.5 years old. When the leave ends, the mother needs to decide whether to continue maternity leave. A woman has the right to return to work. The responsibility for caring for the child can be performed by relatives or legal guardians. Sometimes it is shared by several people.

Payment amounts

How is maternity pay calculated? The amounts depend on the duration of the vacation and earnings. It is approved based on the types of complications and the number of children. The law specifies the rest period that pregnant women are entitled to. The minimum is 140 days and the maximum is 194.

Using simple formula, you can understand, money. In 2015, changes occurred, so the minimum and maximum indicators became different. If the vacation is 140 days, then the maximum is 228,603.2 rubles, average daily earnings- 1632.88 rubles. The minimum benefit is 27,455.34 rubles, and the average daily earnings is 196.11 rubles.

How to calculate maternity money has a fixed indicator. Funds are transferred monthly for 1.5 years after the birth of the child. Social security benefits are provided to non-working family members, students and those who have been laid off. Its sum is equal to:

• 2718 rubles for 1 child;
• 5437 - by 2;
• 10873 - maximum if there are several children under 1.5 years old.

If a woman is employed under an employment contract, then she is also paid money. She will be paid for maternity leave in full. The benefit is 40% of average income for 2 years. How is maternity pay calculated? These principles are in the law. In 2015, the maximum for workers is 19,856 rubles. If there are several children, the amounts are added. But the entire amount of the benefit cannot be more than average earnings.

Procedure for payments to unemployed women

Unemployed women are also paid maternity benefits. Although gold coins are not provided, the benefit is 14,497.80 rubles. This amount can be received by all women who do not have a job. How is maternity pay calculated? Young mothers have the right to receive monthly payments subject to the following conditions:

• completing full-time training at an educational institution;
• registration with the Employment Service due to job reduction or loss.

The registration procedure for the unemployed involves contacting the place of registration or study for the transfer of payments. To do this you need to provide the following documents:

• statement;
• sick leave;
• employment history;
• certificate of registration.

Only after registration will the maternity money be transferred. Such payments ensure the protection of the rights of mothers and children.

Experience and maternity leave

Parental leave is included in the Exceptions include cases when the insurance pension is paid ahead of time. Maternity leave is also included in the length of service. This information is contained in the law.

The insurance period is the time a woman works on the basis of an employment contract. The amount of payments depends on it, but not the fact of providing financial assistance. Pregnant women must be paid the necessary funds. If the employee has less than 6 months of experience, then maternity benefits are required. Regional coefficients must be taken into account.

What do you need to know about payments?

You can receive maternity money after the end of your vacation, but no later than 6 months. If there was employment in several places, then benefits are paid from each organization. It turns out that the amount may exceed the maximum established indicator. The law does not prohibit this. Maternity benefits are transferred to in full on payday.

Since 2015, you can receive child care payments only when the child has reached 2 years of age. Then funds are provided for the entire period. One-time receipt of unemployment payments and child care income is not allowed.

When a person caring for a child is studying or working, it is possible to receive benefits and additional income (for example, a scholarship).

Maternity money for child care can be received after the end of maternity leave. The employer has 10 days to complete the documents. Social security transfers money through a bank (to a card or account) or mail (transfer). Child care benefits are paid using one of the following methods:

• in advance;
• next month.

When does my husband receive payments?

If a woman does not have a job and her husband provides for the family, the law also provides for payments. Maternity leave is not included in this number. Maternity benefits are paid to insured women working under an employment contract. And the father also receives child care payments every month.

Labor law clearly outlines the rights and obligations of employers in relation to pregnant employees. If she is expecting a child, the employee is guaranteed job retention and financial assistance. Benefits are paid by the employer or the state.

Increase in maternity leave

Maternity benefits may be increased depending on the number of days:

• if the pregnancy is multiple;
• difficult childbirth;
• birth of 2 or more children.

When childbirth is difficult and the child’s life is in danger, an additional 16 days are provided. An additional sick leave may also be issued if additional time for recovery is required. If more than 1 child appears, then the entire period of incapacity is 194 days.

Reducing maternity leave

By law, an employer cannot require a pregnant employee to go to work. This period should not be shortened. Therefore, the payment of funds is not determined by the employer, and dismissal is considered illegal.

The vacation period may be reduced due to the wishes of the employee herself. When a pregnancy is terminated, you can also go to work. In this case, sick leave is provided for the time necessary for recovery.

By law, no tax is deducted from it. This is evidenced by Article 217 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Therefore, no one has the right to withhold any interest.

Special cases

Payment of funds can also be made upon liquidation of the enterprise. Only about this event there should be a month's warning. At the time of dismissal, settlement occurs, including payment of benefits. The documents required to process payments must also be issued.

Single mothers are also paid benefits. Payments are also due in case of adoption without marriage registration. The principles of calculation are the same as in the general case.

How to earn?

Many mothers do not have enough benefits while caring for a child, so they are interested in how to earn money in maternity leave. And many take on part-time work in order to continue to develop in their profession or learn a new specialty. The type of work depends on their position. In some specialties, it is possible to continue activities at home, via the Internet. The benefits include maintaining your qualifications and improving your skills.

On maternity leave in another way? You can turn your hobby into a source of income. Many women know how to sew, knit, embroider, make beautiful souvenirs or create photographs. Many ideas can be turned into reality. You can find clients using the Internet, newspapers and through friends. Doing what you love and earning an income brings a lot of pleasure.

Many companies offer to work from home via the Internet or telephone. You may have to advise people on services and products. You can get a job in a bank, taxi, or online store. This job has many benefits. The main one is the possibility of combining it with other types of income. You can choose your schedule and place of work.

How to earn money on maternity leave if the child is a little older? It is possible to take children home for supervision, as many parents require such assistance. Even if kids go to kindergarten, they sometimes need to be left under adult supervision on weekends. You just need to be aware of the responsibility, and if you take on this matter, then treat it carefully.

How to earn money on maternity leave if the above methods are not suitable? You can find a job via the Internet. If you already have some skills, it will be easier. And when they are not there, you will have to spend time learning. Among the types of earnings are copywriting and rewriting, when you need to write texts to order.

You can also work on website modeling. This option is especially suitable for those who spend a lot of time in in social networks. The main task in this work is to ensure order in the forums, as well as participation in the discussion of topics. Another type of income is promoting groups on social networks. You can place ads and make a profit from it.

Earnings include tutoring, translating texts, creating coursework, abstracts, network marketing, preparing dishes for sale, performing services at home (for example, manicure). If you have any skills, you should definitely use them while on maternity leave. With a skillful approach, you can provide yourself with a stable income.

In fact, there are many types of earnings while on maternity leave. You just need to choose a direction that suits you and actively develop in it. Even during maternity leave, you can earn a high income if you organize everything correctly.

Retraining

At the employment service, young mothers can undergo training and receive a new specialty. During maternity leave, such services are paid for by the state. There are many specialties offered there, but you can choose the one that suits you perfectly. After training, you will be issued a document with which you can get a job.

The advantages of the courses include the demand for professions. The acquired specialty will allow you to improve your knowledge and find a profitable job after maternity leave. Training is conducted by experienced teachers, specialists from various educational institutions.

But such training also has disadvantages. Interesting vacancies are not always offered, and then you have to wait a long time for suitable courses. Not all regions have rich technical equipment. But many people, including women on maternity leave, are attracted to such training because it is free.

Free courses on maternity leave are guaranteed by the state. Training is required in the following situations:

• no qualifications;
• difficult to choose a vacancy;
• I want to change my profession.

The main objective of training is employment. After this, citizens often find profitable work or open their own business. Employment centers usually offer economic specialties, as well as training to become an accountant, secretary, psychologist, cook, and designer. The list of professions depends on the region and types of educational institutions. Every person can choose a suitable profession.

The training period lasts about 6 months, but it all depends on the type of specialty. Groups are recruited at different times. To register for courses, you must contact the employment center for registration. To do this, you need to provide an application, passport, birth certificate of the child, document on maternity leave. Training is usually carried out by specialists from universities and educational institutions who cooperate with the employment center.

Courses are usually held in the evenings, but they can be part-time or part-time. Classes are held individually or in a group. After completing the training, a document is issued. At the same time, the mother on maternity leave receives benefits. After mastering a profession or retraining, you can find a more profitable job.

We are used to scolding our state and believing that mothers from other countries have a better life. However, having studied thoroughly the issue of maternity benefits in 2018, I can safely assure you that in this matter our country is almost ahead of the rest in terms of the size and period during which benefits are paid in connection with the birth of a baby, as well as according to the period during which a woman can stay at home with her baby while maintaining her job.

Knowing this, you begin to appreciate much more what the state provides us, and it no longer seems that it is not enough. In general, judge for yourself.

In our country, working mothers can count on the following: cash payments:

• a one-time benefit for pregnant women who managed to register with an antenatal clinic before 12 weeks;
• maternity benefits for mothers;
• a benefit paid one-time after the birth of a baby (called a lump sum);
• monthly allowance for caring for a baby up to one and a half years of age.

In order for maternity leave to be as large as possible, you need to:

1. At the time of writing the application for maternity leave, have worked for at least 2 years, preferably (but not necessarily) with one employer. If there were several employers, you will just need to run around a little more and collect certificates.
2. To wage was completely white. In this case, the employer pays the state all insurance premiums on you in full. Accordingly, the state will pay you all benefits in the maximum amount (within the amount of your salary).

Maternity leave in our country essentially consists of several parts:

1. A woman's maternity leave (in the standard case, 70 days before the birth of the baby and 70 days after this joyful event). At this time, maternity benefits and a small allowance for early registration at the antenatal clinic are paid. After a successful birth, a lump sum benefit is paid upon the birth of the baby.
2. Parental leave until the age of one and a half years. At this stage, the mother will be given a monthly allowance for caring for the baby.
3. Parental leave for up to three years. It begins when the baby turns one and a half years old, but the mother is in no hurry to return to work. Here no payments are made, but the young mother retains her job.

Do you like to scold our state? My desire diminished when I learned how things are with such issues in other, supposedly even more developed, countries. Watch and marvel at my company.

Maternity leave and payments in other countries

So, to shock you right out of the gate, I inform you: in the most prosperous (at first glance) USA and Australia there are no payments from the state in connection with the birth of a child, nor maternity leave as such! In order not to rush to work from the maternity hospital, women get out of it with the help of insurance, receiving sick leave with a wording like “temporary loss of ability to work” for up to 6-8 weeks.

In Spain, France and Cyprus maternity leave paid and lasts up to 4 months after birth. After this, the baby is either sent to a paid nursery or a nanny is hired.

In Thailand and a number of others Asian countries Maternity leave lasts 3 months, and only one and a half of them are paid by the state.

In Turkey, Brazil and several countries Latin America You can rest for 6 months after giving birth with partial pay.

In the UK, Canada, Finland, and Norway, paid maternity leave can last on average up to a year.

In African countries, as a rule, women are given sick leave for up to 2 months after childbirth, but no payments are made.

Thus, after examples where in the USA they don’t pay anything at all and don’t give the opportunity to stay with the child for four months after his birth, and in prosperous Europe, although they pay, you can only be at home with the baby until he reaches one year of age, completely You look at all our benefits with different eyes, the opportunity to sit on paid maternity leave for up to one and a half years, and on unpaid maternity leave for up to three!

We still need to look for such advantages in the world, and now the well-known words that we live in the most beautiful country in the world, and all other countries envy us, no longer seem funny to me. By at least, in matters of maternity payments and vacations - they have every reason to envy us!

One-time benefit for early registration at the antenatal clinic

The amount of this benefit in 2017 is indexed and amounts to 300 rubles.

All women (including the unemployed and students) who are registered for pregnancy at the antenatal clinic within 12 weeks have the right to receive it.

Maternity benefit

Women working under an employment contract, individual entrepreneurs, notaries and lawyers, students of universities and scientific institutions, as well as non-working pregnant women have the right to receive it.

The period of maternity leave in a typical situation is 70 days of the baby’s birth and 70 days after that. However, if the birth was difficult, the period after birth can be increased to 86 days. If twins or triplets were born, the mother is entitled to vacation for 84 days before the birth of the little ones and as many as 110 days after such a large-scale replenishment.

The main document for registration of this leave is a sick leave certificate, which is opened by a gynecologist in the antenatal clinic. In it, the doctor indicates the estimated period of disability.

If unexpected difficulties arise during childbirth, the doctor in the maternity hospital issues an additional sick leave sheet, in which he indicates, for example, 86 days instead of 70. The mother will then take all these documents to the employer.

The amount of maternity benefit is equal to the average monthly earnings of a working woman for 2 last year. If a student needs to calculate the benefit, then the amount of the scholarship is taken into account. For a non-working mother, the calculation is made based on the minimum wage, which from July 1, 2017 is 7,800 rubles, and from July 1, 2016 it was 7,500 rubles.

When calculating average earnings, all types of payments that the employer made in favor of the woman officially are taken into account, that is, not only salary, but also all types of bonuses (including annual, quarterly, and monthly), provided that they were paid by the employer all contributions. When calculating, the days when the woman was on sick leave are subtracted.

However, this amount is not unlimited, and its maximum value, which can be taken into account when calculating the amount of benefits, is 755,000 rubles. starting from 01/01/2017.

Example 1 calculation: Marina worked at Romashka LLC for 2 years before going on maternity leave. For the first year, her total income was 420,000 rubles, for the second - 480,000 rubles. The total duration of the two-year calculation period in accordance with the law is 731 days. However, over the past 2 years, Marina has been on sick leave 2 times, 8 days and 10 days. The pregnancy is standard, childbirth is without complications, so sick leave is 70 days before the baby is born and 70 after the baby is born.

1. 420,000 rub. (income for the first year) + 480,000 rub. (income for the second year) = 900,000 rubles.
2. 900,000 rub. / 731 – 18 (sick days for 2 years) = 1262 rubles.
3. 1262 rub. x (70 + 70) = 176,680 rub.

In total, the amount of maternity benefits will be 176,680 rubles.

The woman will receive this payment approximately 12-14 days after receiving sick leave due to going on maternity leave. At first glance, it seems like a lot, but you need to be careful and distribute this money based on the fact that the future mother will receive the next payments (including child care benefits) only after giving birth, providing it to the employer and completing all the necessary documents.

One-time benefit for the birth of a baby

Both parents have the right to receive a one-time benefit, but one of them can receive it at their discretion.

In 2017, the amount of this type of benefit was indexed and amounted to 8,000 rubles. for every child born.

Thus, the happy mother of twins will receive 16,000 rubles.

Monthly benefit for up to one and a half years

Both employed and unemployed people have the right to receive this benefit. However, in the second case, you will have to choose what to receive: child care benefits for up to one and a half years, or unemployment benefits (if the woman receives it).

As is obvious from the name, the period for payment of benefits is limited to the time when the baby turns one and a half years old.

Not only the child’s parents, but also other persons (relatives, guardians) who actually care for the baby can apply for a monthly allowance. In this case, you will need to collect certificates stating that all other persons do not receive this benefit.

The amount of benefits for the unemployed and students is 1,500 rubles. for the first child. 3,000 rub. relies on the second child of a non-working mother, as well as on all subsequent ones. This is the minimum payment amount guaranteed by the state.

For those working under an employment contract, the benefit is paid in the amount of 40% average monthly salary for the last 2 years. At the same time, the benefit amount cannot be lower than that of the unemployed and students.

The law establishes a coefficient of 30.4, by which the average daily salary is multiplied to calculate the amount of benefits.

It is important to have time to apply for a monthly benefit within 6 months from the end of maternity leave.

However, in practice, young parents always need money, and mothers apply for cash payments first thing after they cross the threshold of the house after the maternity ward.

The list of documents for assigning a monthly benefit is established by law:

• Birth certificate of the baby with a copy;
• Birth certificates of older children (if available) with copies;
• Certificates from social security (if unemployed) or from the employer of the second parent stating that he does not receive monthly benefits and does not use parental leave.
• Certificates from previous places of work about the amount of average monthly earnings.

Calculation example 2: Marina’s average daily salary from the previous example is 1262 rubles. We will calculate a monthly allowance for her to care for her baby until she is one and a half years old.

1. 1262 rub. x 30.4 (coefficient established by law) = 38,364 rubles.
2. RUB 38,364 x 40 / 100 = 15,345 rub.

Thus, Marina will receive 15,345 rubles. monthly until the baby reaches the age of one and a half years.

You will find some more legal subtleties on maternity leave in the video.

Under such comfortable conditions, a situation is quite possible when a mother wants to go from maternity leave to maternity leave without going to work at all.

This is possible, and more than once or twice, and in this case the state protects the interests of the mother and baby by establishing a rule according to which, at the request of the woman, when calculating all benefits and payments, years are replaced: instead of the last 2, the 2 years preceding the actual year are taken for calculation. first maternity leave.

In such a situation, no less will be transferred to the working mother for her second child Money than the first one.

By the way, I personally did just that: I went from maternity leave to maternity leave without returning to work at all. I didn’t make such a plan in advance, but appetite, as you know, comes with eating. And now even the third baby seems to me something more pleasant and meaningful than returning to the office. Therefore, who knows how life will turn out - I still have 2 years ahead until Eva turns 3. Did you have any difficulties with going on maternity leave?

I remember at one time I ran around more than one store in search of a crib and stroller for a baby. In the end, I bought everything from Daughters-Sons. Now this process has been simplified to the point of impossibility, because everything you need for a baby is available in, and there is also much more choice than in offline stores, and the prices are lower! Now I often order diapers, canned food and porridge from them on special offers. I recommend it to everyone to save money, time and nerves!

VK https://vk.com/babylifestyle

Despite its name, this payment according to the law is mainly due only working women(except for those dismissed during the liquidation of the enterprise). Non-working mothers-to-be(with the exception of those recognized as unemployed after dismissal during the liquidation of the organization) do not have the right to receive maternity benefits - they are assigned child benefits only from the day of birth of the child (in the form of a lump sum at the birth of a child and monthly care for up to 1.5 years, paid to the unemployed through the social protection authorities).

Employed women (subject to compulsory social insurance) will already be able to take sick leave from the supervising doctor. This certificate of incapacity must be taken to the employer, where the accounting department will accrue maternity benefits for the entire period of incapacity indicated on it.

• Benefit is paid once for the entire maternity leave- usually it is 140 calendar days, of which 70 days before childbirth and 70 after, payment for which is made in the amount of 100% of average earnings.
• Along with maternity benefits, you can receive an additional one-time benefit for women registered with medical organizations in early pregnancy(up to 12 weeks) in the amount of 628.47 rubles in 2018.

Due to the fact that maternity leave ends with the end of the certificate of incapacity for work, employed women can apply for leave and monthly child care allowance up to 1.5 (3) years, not from the moment of birth of the child, but only after the expiration of maternity leave.

What maternity benefits are available to women?

1. Maternity benefits (maternity benefits) are paid women subject to compulsory social insurance. These include the following categories of expectant mothers:
   • Officially employed. The amount of maternity leave will be 100% of average salary. Paid at the place of work.
   • Serving in the RF Armed Forces under a contract. The benefit is paid at the place of service in the amount of monetary allowance.
2. Maternity benefit idle. This payment is available only to a limited number of unemployed:
   • For students full-time students. The benefit will be paid in the amount of the established scholarship. You must contact the educational institution for an appointment.
   • Fired in connection with the liquidation of the enterprise, within a 12-month period after termination of the employment contract. Paid by social security authorities in the established amount - 628.47 rubles.
   • Individual entrepreneurs(IP) who voluntarily pay insurance premiums. To apply for benefits, you must contact the territorial Fund social insurance(FSS). The amount paid is 43,615.65 rubles, which is calculated according to the minimum wage ( minimum size wages).

These types of benefits under the BiR are paid not only for born children, but also on adopted up to 3 months of age.

Accrual and payment of maternity benefits

Maternity benefits are calculated and paid on the basis of two federal laws:

1. No. 81-FZ “On state benefits for citizens with children” dated May 19, 1995;
2. No. 255-FZ “On compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with maternity” dated December 29, 2006.

To apply for this benefit, you must apply at your place of work, or to the social insurance fund (FSS) for individual entrepreneurs.

Benefits are calculated based on the average salary that the expectant mother received during last two years. Maternity benefits are accrued for a total of 140 days (156 for complex births), regardless of those actually used, in the case of premature birth.

Who is entitled to maternity benefits?

A woman is entitled to receive benefits if she:

• works and is subject to compulsory social insurance;
• fired and declared unemployed as a result of the liquidation of a company or enterprise. During 12 months in this case, you have the right to accrue maternity benefits if you register with the employment center;
• studying full-time in one of the educational institutions of higher, secondary and primary levels;
• is located military service by contract or you are internal affairs officer;
• is in quality civilian in a military formation Russian Federation on the territory of a foreign state, and the right to maternity benefits in this case does not contradict international treaties;
• has the status IP ( Individual entrepreneur) . IN in this case the condition of participation in VSS (voluntary social insurance) for individual entrepreneurs in the FSS (social insurance fund) must be met and payment of insurance premiums for a minimum of 6 months.

Deadlines for receiving one-time maternity benefits

If you are 30 weeks pregnant (if you have a multiple pregnancy, 28 weeks), you must contact the medical institution where you are registered for sick leave (work ability certificate), which must be presented to the employer to assign benefits. You are required to pay it within 10 days after you submit the required documents.

If sick leave is issued within a month after dismissal, then the benefit is paid at the last place of work.

The allowable period for applying for benefits is no later than six months from the end of maternity leave. Payment periods are discussed in more detail on the page Maternity leave periods.

What documents are required?

If you are eligible to receive benefits, you must collect the following documents:

• Certificate of incapacity for work (sick leave), issued medical institution, in which the woman registered. It is issued at the onset of the 30th week of pregnancy (28th - in case of multiple pregnancy);
• If there were several places of work during the last period, and maternity leave is paid at the place of the last one, a certificate is required stating that the payment was not made elsewhere;
• Application for granting benefits;
• Upon dismissal as a result of liquidation of the company, maternity payments are made by the department social security subject to registration with the employment service and a certificate to this effect (the benefit in this case will be 628.47 rubles per month);
• If it is impossible for the employer to pay the benefit, it is paid by the insurance company, the name of which you can see on the compulsory medical insurance policy.

What needs to be done to receive IP benefits?

An individual entrepreneur can count on accrual of benefits in case of payment of insurance premiums for the last calendar year before the onset of maternity leave (MB&R). The amount of the benefit is determined depending on the minimum wage.

In order for maternity benefits to be paid, the individual entrepreneur must provide:

• application of an individual entrepreneur to the Federal Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation with a request to assign a benefit for accounting;

If an individual entrepreneur works simultaneously under an employment contract, while paying contributions to the Social Insurance Fund for two years, he will receive maternity benefits both at the Social Insurance Fund branch and from the employer who entered into this agreement with him.

What benefits and payments can the unemployed count on?

If a woman was not employed or quit before or during pregnancy, maternity payments are not made to the unemployed, except in cases where the dismissal occurred as a result of the liquidation of the company (enterprise), or if the woman is studying full-time educational institution higher, middle and primary levels (the benefit in this case will be equal to a scholarship and will be paid by the educational institution itself).

Unemployed people are also not entitled to benefit payments in connection with registration in the early stages of pregnancy. But in different regions there may be provisions independent of the situation federal law payments. For example, in Moscow, when registering (for a period of up to 20 weeks), a woman registered in Moscow receives lump sum payment, which also applies to non-working people.

We hope that you have received answers to many of your questions.

If the employee is officially employed, then during maternity leave she is entitled to receive maternity benefits. But for this you still need to work for a certain period of time, otherwise you can end up with nothing. What is a pregnant woman entitled to in terms of social guarantees from the state? What monetary benefits can an expectant mother claim?

Benefits for pregnant women in 2019

In Russia, every pregnant and young mother receives financial assistance; for those who worked, the amount is much higher. Therefore, many representatives of the weaker half of humanity are interested in: how much time do you need to work to get maternity leave in 2018?

The main payments include:

• assistance in early fixation of an interesting position (for up to 12 weeks);
• childbirth and pregnancy;
• money that is given until the child turns 1.5 years old;
• compensation amounts if the child is under 3 years old.

A total lack of money, the high cost of children's things, strollers and food force the expectant mother to work hard for as long as possible - this is the only way to provide more or less impressive help.

Work experience and working hours

According to the current Russian legislation Before applying for maternity leave, a pregnant woman must work at the enterprise for at least 2 years, plus the 30 weeks fixed by law before taking maternity leave.

Work experience also changes the amount of payments. In 2019, legislators introduced new restrictions and regulations that do not please women:

1. If you want good maternity benefits, please officially work for 6 years in the organization by 2019.
2. The 2-year period continues to apply, but you can only hope for minimal help.
3. What is due to pregnant women if they did not have time to work for 2 years? The “reward” for the birth of a new Russian is average earnings in the amount of 5,965 rubles.

Additional factors affecting maternity leave in 2019

Another important factor, which affects the receipt of monthly payments, is the income that the woman received before pregnancy. State aid cannot be more than 40% of the average salary of a worker recorded in the statements for the last 2 years. Therefore, if the company’s wages are piecework or not constant rate, try to get more money- this way you will provide your maternity leave with more help. However, there is also a payout limit:

• the minimum limit for child care is 2,570 rubles;
• the maximum monthly amount cannot exceed 215,000 rubles fixed by legislators in 2019.

If, after the child is 1.5 years old, the mother wants to extend maternity leave, she is credited with 500 rubles every month until the baby turns 3 years old.

Also pay attention to the change in one-time payment in Russia depending on the duration of the vacation:

1. A vacation lasting 140 days involves the maximum possible payments in the amount of 248,164 rubles.
2. A vacation lasting 156 days records assistance at 276,526 rubles.
3. A vacation calculated for 194 days involves a maximum of maternity payments in the amount of 343,884 rubles.

By the way, if a worker combines work at several enterprises at once, she has the right to apply for maternity leave from all employers. It is interesting that in 2019, Russian mothers are scheduled to receive another aid - as soon as the child is 2 weeks old, the family is given 15,382 rubles. It's a small thing, but it's nice!

Maternity capital at the birth of the second baby in 2019

Evil tongues foreshadowed for mothers who gave birth to a second child after January 1, 2018, the lack of payments for maternity capital, but, fortunately, these were only the machinations of enemies. Maternity capital continues to be paid at the birth of a second child in a Russian family, and it can be spent to solve several problems:

1. Do an initial fee mortgage and pay interest before the child is 3 years old.
2. The day can be deposited in the bank into an open account, the finances from which will be used for the child’s education when he grows up and the time comes to receive higher education. There are years ahead, so the contribution will increase significantly in size.
3. Set aside as a future pension due to the mother.
4. In 2019, lawmakers added a spending item maternity capital for the maintenance of a child who is sick and needs expensive treatment, rehabilitation and recovery after receiving a disability group.
5. Funds received from the state can be spent on purchasing new car domestic production.

Receiving maternity benefits is the right of working women, as well as students and some unemployed people.

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Also, when calculating the payment amount, you should be guided by the following regulations:

• Federal Law of May 19, 1995;
• Federal Law of December 29, 2006.

How to get maternity leave?

To receive maternity benefits, a woman needs to collect. The collected information is transmitted to the employer, authorized bodies employment or educational institution.

Benefits are paid based on the data provided.

It is 10 days from the date of submission of a complete set of information. The employer is obliged to transfer the amount of maternity payments on the next day of payment of wages.

Failure to comply with the deadlines established by law is a violation that is punishable by sanctions.

If the employer delays the payment of benefits, the woman can contact the regulatory authorities (prosecutor's office, labor inspectorate).

If you don't work

If a pregnant woman is unemployed, she can also receive benefits. At the same time, she must be registered as unemployed.

The law stipulates that payments will be made only to those who were dismissed from their previous job due to the liquidation of the employer.

To apply for the benefit you will need the following documents:

• statement;
• certificate of pregnancy registration;
• employment history;
• certificate of registration as unemployed.

How long do you need to work?

Maternity payments are made to all women who work officially. doesn't matter. But it will affect the amount of payments.

The benefit is calculated taking into account earnings for the last two years. So, if the employee did not work during a given period, then calculations are made according to the minimum wage. That is, to the question: “How long does an employee need to work in order to receive a decent benefit?” The answer is 2 years. By the way, only full years are taken into account.

This rule also applies to female employees who work part-time or part-time.

From my husband's work

Can she receive maternity leave if a woman does not officially work? The law provides a negative answer to this question.

For pregnancy and childbirth, only the mother herself is entitled to benefits. At the same time, the father can take leave and receive payments for child care after his birth. This right is also granted to other relatives.

In general, the procedure will not differ from that provided for the baby’s mother. The father cannot be denied leave at work.

IP

Individual entrepreneurs who make contributions to the Social Insurance Fund can also go on maternity leave. In this case, the benefit will be calculated according to the minimum wage. Whether the individual entrepreneur will continue to operate and make a profit does not matter.

How to get maternity sole proprietorships? To issue a maternity leave, you will need the following acts:

• certificate of registration as an individual entrepreneur;
• identification;
• statement.

During maternity leave, contributions to the Social Insurance Fund are not made.

When working part-time

If a woman works part-time for several employers, then when calculating average earnings, its total value is taken into account. Payments are made by only one employer.

If she previously worked at any enterprise where she currently does not perform a labor function, then she needs to take a certificate from her previous place of work.

Accrual and payment

The employer is responsible for calculating and paying maternity benefits. The deadline for transferring funds is 10 days after submission of documents. The law stipulates that payment is made on the next day of payment of wages.

Maternity benefits are paid once for the entire vacation. The child care allowance is given to the woman on a monthly basis.

Size

The amount of the benefit is determined based on the amount of average earnings over the past two years. This rule applies to working women.

If an employee goes on maternity leave in 2019, then the years 2019 and 2019 are taken into account:

1. All income she receives is summed up and divided by 730. Thus, the average earnings for one day are calculated.
2. The result is then multiplied by the number of vacation days. This is the amount the woman will receive.

For female students, the amount of payment is calculated in a similar way, but the scholarship is taken into account.

When is the minimum wage taken into account?

In some cases, instead of average earnings, the minimum wage is taken into account. This indicator indexed annually.

The minimum wage benefit is calculated for individual entrepreneurs and female workers who have had no income over the past two years. It is also taken into account when the average earnings are less than the minimum wage.

Calculation of benefits is carried out according to the same rules as approved above.

Registration procedure

So, to apply for maternity leave, a woman needs to do the following:

• (or at 28 in case of multiple pregnancy) contact a doctor to obtain a sick leave certificate;
• take a certificate from former employers if she has received income from them over the past two years;
• write an application addressed to the head of the enterprise;
• transfer the collected data to the personnel department.

After the documents have been received, the manager issues an order. The pregnant woman must familiarize herself with these documents against signature.