According to PBU 4 99 accounting. Legislative framework of the Russian Federation. III. Composition of financial statements and general requirements for them

1. These Regulations establish the composition, content and methodological foundations formation financial statements organizations that are legal entities under the legislation of the Russian Federation, except credit institutions and state (municipal) institutions.

Group of articles

Judicial practice and legislation - Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated 07/06/1999 N 43n (as amended on 11/08/2010, as amended on 01/29/2018) “On approval of the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Statements of an Organization” (PBU 4/99)”

With quarterly and annual reports- financial statements to the extent determined by the Federal Law of November 21, 1996 N 129-FZ “On Accounting”, the Regulations on accounting"Accounting statements of organizations" (PBU 4/99), approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 6, 1999 N 43n and Order of the Ministry of Finance dated February 21, 2001 N 15n "On the forms of accounting statements of non-state pension funds";

I. General provisions

1. These Regulations establish the composition, content and methodological basis for the preparation of financial statements of organizations that are legal entities under the legislation of the Russian Federation, except for credit organizations and state (municipal) institutions.
(as amended by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated November 8, 2010 N 142n)

2. The provision does not apply when preparing reports developed by an organization for internal purposes, reports compiled for state statistical observation, reporting information submitted to a credit organization in accordance with its requirements, and compilation of reporting information for other special purposes, if the rules for the preparation of such reports and information does not provide for the use of this Regulation.

3. These Regulations are applied by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation when establishing:

standard forms of financial statements and instructions on the procedure for preparing statements;
simplified procedure for preparing financial statements for small businesses and non-profit organizations;
features of the formation of consolidated financial statements;
features of the formation of financial statements in cases of reorganization or liquidation of an organization;
features of the formation of financial statements by insurance organizations, non-governmental pension funds, professional participants market valuable papers and other organizations in the field of financial intermediation;
procedure for publishing financial statements.

II. Definitions

4. For the purposes of these Regulations, the concepts below mean the following: financial statements one system information about property and financial situation organization and its results economic activity, compiled on the basis of accounting data for established forms; reporting period the period for which the organization must prepare financial statements; reporting date the date as of which the organization must prepare financial statements; user legal or individual interested in information about the organization.

III. Composition of financial statements and General requirements To her

5. Accounting statements consist of balance sheet, profit and loss statement, appendices thereto and explanatory note(hereinafter, the appendices to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement and the explanatory note are referred to as the explanatory notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement), and also auditor's report, confirming the reliability of the organization’s financial statements, if they are in accordance with federal laws subject to mandatory audit.

6. Accounting statements must provide reliable and full view about the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position. Accounting statements generated on the basis of the rules established by regulations in accounting.

If, when preparing financial statements based on the rules of these Regulations, an organization reveals that there is insufficient data to form a complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position, then the organization includes relevant additional indicators and explanations in the financial statements.

If, when preparing financial statements, the application of the rules of these Regulations does not allow one to form a reliable and complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position, then the organization in exceptional cases (for example, nationalization of property) may deviate from these rules.

Information is not neutral if, through selection or presentation, it influences the decisions and evaluations of users to achieve predetermined results or consequences.

8. The organization’s financial statements must include performance indicators for all branches, representative offices and other divisions (including those allocated to separate balance sheets).

Changes to the accepted content and form of the balance sheet, profit and loss statement and explanations thereto are permitted in exceptional cases, for example, when the type of activity changes. The organization must provide confirmation of the validity of each such change. A significant change must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement together with the reasons for the change.

If the data for the period preceding the reporting period are not comparable with the data for the reporting period, then the first of these data are subject to adjustment based on the rules established by regulatory acts on accounting. Each material adjustment must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement along with the reasons for the adjustment.

Indicators about certain types of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and business transactions may appear on the balance sheet or income statement total amount with disclosure in the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement, if each of these indicators individually is not significant for the assessment by interested users of the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

12. For the preparation of financial statements, the reporting date is considered to be the last calendar day of the reporting period.

13. When preparing financial statements for the reporting year, the reporting year is calendar year from January 1 to December 31 inclusive.

The first reporting year for newly created organizations is considered to be the period from the date of their state registration until December 31 of the corresponding year, and for organizations created after October 1 - until December 31 of the following year.

14. Each component part of the financial statements provided for in paragraph 5 of these Regulations must contain the following data: name of the component part; indication reporting date or the reporting period for which the financial statements were prepared; name of the organization indicating its organizational and legal form; format for presenting numerical indicators of financial statements.

15. Accounting statements must be prepared in Russian.

16. Accounting statements must be prepared in the currency of the Russian Federation.

17. Accounting statements are signed by the head and chief accountant (accountant) of the organization.

In organizations where accounting is carried out on a contractual basis by a specialized organization (centralized accounting department) or a specialist accountant, the financial statements are signed by the head of the organization and the head of the specialized organization (centralized accounting department) or by a specialist conducting accounting.

18. The balance sheet must characterize the financial position of the organization as of the reporting date.

19. In the balance sheet, assets and liabilities should be presented with a division depending on the maturity period (maturity) into short-term and long-term. Assets and liabilities are presented as short-term if their maturity (maturity) period is no more than 12 months after the reporting date or the duration of the operating cycle, if it exceeds 12 months. All other assets and liabilities are presented as non-current.

20. The balance sheet must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and 11 of these Regulations):

21. The income statement should describe financial results activities of the organization for the reporting period.

22. In the income statement, income and expenses must be shown with a division into ordinary and other. (as amended by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated September 18, 2006 N 115n)

23. The profit and loss statement must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and 11 of these Regulations):

24. The notes to the balance sheet and income statement should disclose information relevant to the entity's accounting policies and provide users with additional information that is not appropriate to include in the balance sheet and income statement, but which is necessary for users of the financial statements to make a realistic assessment. the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position.

Significant deviations must be disclosed in the financial statements, indicating the reasons that caused these deviations, as well as the effect that these deviations had on understanding the state of the financial position of the organization, reflecting the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position. The organization must provide confirmation of the assessment in monetary terms of the consequences of deviations from the accounting and reporting rules in force in the Russian Federation.

26. The procedure for disclosing the accounting policies of the organization has been established (Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 9, 1998, registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 31, 1998, registration number 1673).

27. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss account must disclose the following additional information:

on availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and movement during the reporting period individual species intangible assets;
on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of fixed assets;
on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement of leased fixed assets during the reporting period;
on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of financial investments;
on the existence of certain types of receivables at the beginning and end of the reporting period;
on changes in the capital (authorized, reserve, additional, etc.) of the organization;
on the number of shares issued by the joint-stock company and fully paid; the number of shares issued but not paid or partially paid; par value of shares owned joint stock company, its subsidiaries and affiliates;
on the composition of reserves upcoming expenses and payments, estimated reserves, their availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period, the movement of funds from each reserve during the reporting period;
on the existence of certain types of accounts payable at the beginning and end of the reporting period;
on sales volumes of products, goods, works, services by type (industry) of activity and geographic markets (activity);
on the composition of production costs (distribution costs);
on the composition of other income and expenses;
(as amended by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated September 18, 2006 N 115n)
about extraordinary facts of economic activity and their consequences;
about any issued and received security for the organization’s obligations and payments;
about events after the reporting date and contingent facts of economic activity;
about discontinued operations;
about affiliated persons;
on state aid;
about earnings per share.

28. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement disclose information in the form of separate reporting forms (statement of movement Money, statement of changes in capital, etc.) and in the form of an explanatory note.

The item in the balance sheet and income statement to which explanations are provided must indicate such disclosure.

29. The financial statements must disclose data on cash flows in the reporting period, characterizing the availability, receipt and expenditure of funds in the organization.

The cash flow statement should characterize changes in the financial position of the organization in the context of current, investment and financial activities.

The cash flow statement must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and 11 of these Regulations):

The statement of changes in capital must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and 11 of these Regulations):

31. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement must disclose (if these data are not included in the information accompanying the accounting report):

legal address of the organization:
main activities;
average annual number of employees for the reporting period or number of employees as of the reporting date;
composition (names and positions) of members of the organization’s executive and control bodies.

VII. Rules for evaluating financial statements items

32. When assessing the items in the financial statements, the organization must ensure compliance with the assumptions and requirements provided for by the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Policies of the Organization” (PBU 1/98).

33. The balance sheet data at the beginning of the reporting period must be comparable with the balance sheet data for the period preceding the reporting period (taking into account the reorganization carried out, as well as changes related to the application of the Accounting Regulations " Accounting policy organization").

34. In the financial statements, offsets between items of assets and liabilities, items of profit and loss are not allowed, except in cases where such offset is provided for by the relevant accounting provisions.

35. The balance sheet must include numerical indicators in a net valuation, i.e. minus regulatory values, which must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss account.

36. The rules for evaluating individual items of financial statements are established by the relevant accounting provisions.

37. In case of deviation from the rules provided for in paragraphs 32 - 35 of these Regulations, significant deviations must be disclosed in the explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement, along with an indication of the reasons that caused these deviations and the effect that these deviations had on understanding state of the financial position of the organization, reflection of the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position.

38. Items in the financial statements prepared for the reporting year must be supported by the results of the inventory of assets and liabilities.

VIII. Information accompanying financial statements

39. An organization may provide additional information accompanying its financial statements if executive agency considers it useful for interested users in adopting economic decisions. It reveals the dynamics of the most important economic and financial indicators activities of the organization over a number of years; planned development of the organization; expected capital and long-term financial investments; policy regarding borrowed money, risk management; activities of the organization in the field of research and development work; environmental protection measures; other information.

Additional information, if necessary, can be presented in the form of analytical tables, graphs and diagrams.

When opened additional information, for example, environmental protection measures, the main ongoing and planned activities in the field of protection are given by the organization environment, the impact of these measures on the level of long-term investments and profitability in reporting year, characteristic financial consequences for future periods, data on payments for violation of environmental legislation, environmental payments and fees for Natural resources, current environmental protection costs and the degree of their impact on the financial results of the organization.

IX. Audit of financial statements

40. In cases provided for by federal laws, financial statements are subject to mandatory audit.

41. The final part of the audit report issued based on the results mandatory audit financial statements must be attached to these statements.

X. Publicity of financial statements

42. Accounting statements are open to users - founders (participants), investors, credit institutions, creditors, buyers, suppliers, etc. The organization must provide an opportunity for users to familiarize themselves with the accounting statements.

43. The organization is obliged to ensure the submission of annual financial statements to each founder (participant) within the time limits established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

44. The organization is obliged to submit financial statements in one copy (free of charge) to the state statistics body and to other addresses provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, within the time limits established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

45. In cases where provided for by law Russian Federation, the organization publishes financial statements together with the final part of the auditor's report.

46. Publication of financial statements is carried out no later than June 1 of the year following the reporting year, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

47. The date of submission of financial statements for an organization is considered to be the day of its mailing or the day of its actual transfer by ownership.

If the date of submission of financial statements falls on a non-working day (weekend), then the deadline for submission of financial statements is considered to be the first working day following it.

XI. Interim financial statements

48. The organization must prepare interim financial statements for the month, quarter on an accrual basis from the beginning of the reporting year, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

49. Interim financial statements consist of a balance sheet and a profit and loss account, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the founders (participants) of the organization.

50. General requirements for interim financial statements, the content of its components, and the rules for evaluating items are determined in accordance with these Regulations.

51. The organization must prepare interim financial statements no later than 30 days after the end of the reporting period, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

52. Presentation and publication of interim financial statements are carried out in cases and in the manner provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the constituent documents of the organization.

Basic regulatory requirements provided for by PBU 4/99 “Accounting statements of organizations”

PBU 4/99 “Accounting statements of organizations” consists of 11 sections.

Section I “General Provisions” indicates the purpose and scope of application of this PBU, establishes the composition, content and methodological basis of the accounting statements of organizations that are legal entities of the Russian Federation, except for credit and budgetary organizations. The provision does not apply when preparing reports for internal purposes, state statistical observation, reporting for credit institutions and for other special purposes.

Section II “Definitions” provides the concepts of financial statements, reporting period, reporting date and user. At the same time, accounting statements are defined as a unified system of data on the property and financial position of an organization and the results of its economic activities, compiled on the basis of accounting data in established forms.

IN section III“Composition of financial statements and general requirements for them” states that financial statements consist of:

Balance sheet;

Profit and loss statement;

Appendices to them, provided for by regulations;

An audit report confirming the reliability of the organization’s financial statements;

Explanatory note.

The following are the requirements for financial statements: reliability and completeness, neutrality, integrity, consistency, comparability, compliance with the reporting period, correctness of execution. They are additional to the assumptions and requirements disclosed in PBU 1/98 “Accounting Policies of an Enterprise”.

The requirement of reliability and completeness means that financial statements must provide a reliable and complete picture of the property and financial position of the organization, as well as the financial results of its activities. In this case, financial statements generated and compiled on the basis of the rules established by the regulations of the system are considered reliable and complete. regulatory regulation accounting in the Russian Federation.

If, when preparing financial statements, it is revealed that there is insufficient data to form a complete picture of the organization’s financial position, then the financial statements include relevant additional indicators and explanations.

In order to achieve a reliable and complete reflection of the financial results and financial position of the organization, when preparing reports in exceptional cases (for example, when nationalizing property), deviations from the rules established by PBU 4/99 are allowed.

The requirement of neutrality means that when preparing financial statements, the neutrality of information must be ensured, i.e. unilateral satisfaction of the interests of some groups of users of financial statements over others is excluded.

The requirement of integrity necessitates the inclusion in the financial statements of data on all business transactions carried out both by the organization as a whole and by its branches, representative offices and other divisions, including those allocated to separate balance sheets.

The requirement of consistency is based on the need to maintain consistency in the content and forms of the balance sheet, profit and loss account and explanations thereof from one reporting year to another.

In accordance with the requirement of comparability, the financial statements must contain data that allows them to be compared with similar data for the years preceding the reporting year. The Regulations stipulate that if they are not comparable for a number of reasons, then data from previous periods are subject to adjustment according to established rules.

The requirement to comply with the reporting period means that the reporting year in Russia is the period from January 1 to December 31 inclusive, i.e. the reporting year coincides with the calendar year. For the preparation of financial statements, the reporting date is considered to be the last calendar day of the reporting period (December 31 for the annual accounting report and others last days month for periodic accounting reporting, for example for reporting for January-February in leap years - February 29).

The requirement for correct execution is associated with compliance with the formal principles of reporting: its preparation in Russian, in the currency of the Russian Federation (rubles), signing by the head of the organization and the specialist in charge of accounting (chief accountant), etc.

PBU 4/99 also defines approaches to the disclosure of material information, focused on its importance for interested users.

Indicators about individual assets, liabilities, income, expenses and business transactions in financial statements:

Should be presented separately if they are significant and if without them it is impossible to assess the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities by interested users;

Can be given as a total amount with disclosure in the explanations to

balance sheet and profit and loss statement, if each of these indicators individually is insignificant for interested users to assess the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

Sections IV “Content of the Balance Sheet”, V “Content of the Profit and Loss Statement”, VI “Content of Explanations to the Balance Sheet and the Profit and Loss Statement”, VII “Rules for Evaluating Items in the Financial Statements” and VIII “Information Accompanying the Financial Statements” .

Section IX “Audit of Financial Statements” states that in cases provided for by federal laws, financial statements are subject to mandatory audit. The final part of the auditor's report must be attached to the financial statements.

Section X “Publicity of financial statements” sets out the main conditions for ensuring this publicity. It is announced that the financial statements are open to users - founders (participants), investors, credit institutions, creditors, buyers, suppliers, etc. At the same time, the organization is obliged to ensure the submission of annual financial statements in deadlines each founder (participant), state statistics body and other users established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Section XI “Interim Accounting Reports” states that these reports are prepared for the month, quarter on an accrual basis from the beginning of the reporting year. It consists of a balance sheet and a profit and loss statement, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the founders (participants) of the organization. When drawing up these reporting forms, they are based on the general requirements for financial reporting and the rules for assessing items on the balance sheet and profit and loss account.

General provisions

PBU 4/99 establishes the composition, content and methodological basis for the preparation of financial statements of organizations that are legal entities under the legislation of the Russian Federation, except for credit institutions and budgetary organizations.

This Regulation is applied by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation when establishing:

Standard forms of financial statements and instructions on the procedure for preparing statements;

A simplified procedure for the preparation of financial statements for small businesses and non-profit organizations;

Features of the formation of consolidated financial statements;

Features of the formation of financial statements in cases of reorganization or liquidation of an organization;

Features of the formation of financial statements by insurance organizations, non-state pension funds, professional participants in the securities market and other organizations in the field of financial intermediation;

The procedure for publishing financial statements.

For the purposes of these Regulations, the concepts below mean the following:

accounting statements - a unified system of data on the property and financial position of an organization and the results of its economic activities, compiled on the basis of accounting data in established forms;

reporting period - the period for which the organization must prepare financial statements;

reporting date - the date as of which the organization must prepare financial statements;

user - a legal or natural person interested in information about the organization.

The financial statements consist of a balance sheet, a profit and loss statement, appendices to them and an explanatory note (hereinafter, the appendices to the balance sheet and profit and loss report and the explanatory note are referred to as explanatory notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss report), as well as the audit a conclusion confirming the reliability of the organization’s financial statements, if they are subject to mandatory audit in accordance with federal laws.

When preparing financial statements, the organization must ensure the neutrality of the information contained in it, i.e. unilateral satisfaction of the interests of some groups of users of financial statements over others is excluded. Information is not neutral if, through selection or presentation, it influences the decisions and evaluations of users to achieve predetermined results or consequences.

The organization's financial statements must include performance indicators for all branches, representative offices and other divisions (including those allocated to separate balance sheets).

For each numerical indicator of the financial statements, except for the report prepared for the first reporting period, data must be provided for at least two years - the reporting year and the one preceding the reporting year.

Indicators about individual assets, liabilities, income, expenses and business transactions should be presented separately in the financial statements if they are significant and if without knowledge of them by interested users it is impossible to assess the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities; or the total amount disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss account, if each of these indicators individually is not significant for the assessment by interested users of the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

For the preparation of financial statements, the reporting date is considered to be the last calendar day of the reporting period. When preparing financial statements for the reporting year, the reporting year is the calendar year from January 1 to December 31 inclusive. The first reporting year for newly created organizations is considered to be the period from the date of their state registration to December 31 of the corresponding year, and for organizations created after October 1 - to December 31 of the following year.

Each component part of the financial statements provided for in paragraph 5 of these Regulations must contain the following data: name of the component part; indication of the reporting date or reporting period for which the financial statements were prepared; name of the organization indicating its organizational and legal form; format for presenting numerical indicators of financial statements.

Accounting statements must be prepared in Russian, in the currency of the Russian Federation.

Accounting statements are signed by the head and chief accountant (accountant) of the organization.

The balance sheet must characterize the financial position of the organization at the reporting date.

The profit and loss statement must characterize the financial results of the organization for the reporting period. In it, income and expenses should be shown with divisions into ordinary and extraordinary.

Explanations to the balance sheet and income statement should disclose information relevant to the entity's accounting policies and provide users with additional information that is not appropriate to include in the balance sheet and income statement, but which is necessary for users of financial statements to truly evaluate the financial the position of the organization, its financial results and changes in its financial position.

The procedure for disclosing the accounting policies of an organization is established by the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Policies of Organizations” PBU 1/98 (order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 9, 1998, registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 31, 1998, registration number 1673).

Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement disclose information in the form of separate reporting forms (cash flow statement, statement of changes in equity, etc.) and in the form of an explanatory note.

The item in the balance sheet and income statement to which explanations are provided must indicate such disclosure.

The financial statements must disclose data on cash flows in the reporting period, characterizing the availability, receipt and expenditure of funds in the organization. The cash flow statement must characterize changes in the financial position of the organization in the context of current, investing and financing activities.

Business partnerships and companies, as part of their financial statements, must disclose information about the presence and changes in the authorized (share) capital, reserve capital and other components of the organization’s capital.

When evaluating items in the financial statements, the organization must ensure compliance with the assumptions and requirements provided for in the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Policy of the Organization” PBU 1/98. The balance sheet data at the beginning of the reporting period must be comparable with the balance sheet data for the period preceding the reporting period (taking into account the reorganization carried out, as well as changes related to the application of the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Policies of the Organization”).

In the financial statements, offsets between items of assets and liabilities, items of profit and loss are not allowed, except in cases where such offset is provided for by the relevant accounting provisions. Items in the financial statements prepared for the reporting year must be supported by the results of the inventory of assets and liabilities.

An organization may provide additional information accompanying financial statements if the executive body considers it useful for interested users when making economic decisions. It reveals the dynamics of the most important economic and financial indicators of the organization’s activities over a number of years; planned development of the organization; expected capital and long-term financial investments; policy regarding borrowings, risk management; activities of the organization in the field of research and development work; environmental protection measures; other information.

In cases provided for by federal laws, financial statements are subject to mandatory audit. The final part of the auditor's report issued based on the results of the mandatory audit of financial statements must be attached to these statements.

Accounting statements are open to users - founders (participants), investors, credit institutions, lenders, buyers, suppliers, etc. The organization must provide an opportunity for users to familiarize themselves with the accounting statements. The organization is obliged to ensure the submission of annual financial statements to each founder (participant) within the time limits established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The date of presentation of financial statements for an organization is considered to be the day of its mailing or the day of its actual transfer by ownership. If the date of submission of financial statements falls on a non-working day (weekend), then the deadline for submission of financial statements is considered to be the first working day following it.

An organization must prepare interim financial statements for a month or quarter on an accrual basis from the beginning of the reporting year, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Interim financial statements consist of a balance sheet and a profit and loss statement, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the founders (participants) of the organization.

General provisions

3. These Regulations are applied by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation when establishing:

standard forms of financial statements and instructions on the procedure for preparing statements;
simplified procedure for preparing financial statements for small businesses and non-profit organizations;
features of the formation of consolidated financial statements;
features of the formation of financial statements in cases of reorganization or liquidation of an organization;
features of the formation of financial statements by insurance organizations, non-state pension funds, professional participants in the securities market and other organizations in the field of financial intermediation;
procedure for publishing financial statements.

Definitions

4. For the purposes of these Regulations, the concepts below mean the following:

financial statements– a unified system of data on the property and financial position of the organization and the results of its economic activities, compiled on the basis of accounting data in established forms;
reporting period– the period for which the organization must prepare financial statements;
reporting date– the date as of which the organization must prepare financial statements;
user– a legal or natural person interested in information about the organization.

Composition of financial statements and general requirements for them

5. Accounting statements consist of a balance sheet, a profit and loss statement, appendices thereto and an explanatory note (hereinafter, the appendices to the balance sheet and profit and loss report and the explanatory note are referred to as explanatory notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss report), and also an auditor’s report confirming the reliability of the organization’s financial statements, if they are subject to mandatory audit in accordance with federal laws.

6. Accounting statements must provide a reliable and complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position. Financial statements prepared on the basis of the rules established by regulatory acts on accounting are considered reliable and complete.
If, when preparing financial statements based on the rules of these Regulations, an organization reveals that there is insufficient data to form a complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position, then the organization includes relevant additional indicators and explanations in the financial statements.
If, when preparing financial statements, the application of the rules of these Regulations does not allow one to form a reliable and complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position, then the organization in exceptional cases (for example, nationalization of property) may deviate from these rules.

7. When preparing financial statements, the organization must ensure the neutrality of the information contained in it, i.e. unilateral satisfaction of the interests of some groups of users of financial statements over others is excluded. Information is not neutral if, through selection or presentation, it influences the decisions and evaluations of users to achieve predetermined results or consequences.

8. The organization’s financial statements must include performance indicators for all branches, representative offices and other divisions (including those allocated to separate balance sheets).

9. When drawing up the balance sheet, profit and loss statement and explanations thereto, the organization must adhere to its accepted content and form consistently from one reporting period to another. Changes to the accepted content and form of the balance sheet, profit and loss statement and explanations thereto are permitted in exceptional cases, for example, when the type of activity changes. The organization must provide confirmation of the validity of each such change. A significant change must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement together with the reasons for the change.

10. For each numerical indicator of the financial statements, except for the report prepared for the first reporting period, data must be provided for at least two years - the reporting year and the one preceding the reporting year. If the data for the period preceding the reporting period are not comparable with the data for the reporting period, then the first of these data are subject to adjustment based on the rules established by regulatory acts on accounting. Each material adjustment must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement along with the reasons for the adjustment.

11. Items of the balance sheet, profit and loss statement and other separate forms of financial statements that, in accordance with accounting provisions, are subject to disclosure and for which there are no numerical values of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and other indicators, are crossed out (in standard forms ) or are not provided (in forms developed independently and in the explanatory note).
Indicators about individual assets, liabilities, income, expenses and business transactions should be presented separately in the financial statements if they are significant and if without knowledge of them by interested users it is impossible to assess the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities. Indicators about certain types of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and business transactions may be presented in the balance sheet or profit and loss statement in a total amount with disclosure in the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement, if each of these indicators individually is not significant for assessments by interested users of the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

12. For the preparation of financial statements, the reporting date is considered to be the last calendar day of the reporting period.

13. When preparing financial statements for the reporting year, the reporting year is the calendar year from January 1 to December 31 inclusive. The first reporting year for newly created organizations is considered to be the period from the date of their state registration to December 31 of the corresponding year, and for organizations created after October 1 - to December 31 of the following year.

14. Each component of the financial statements provided for in paragraph 5 of these Regulations must contain the following data:

name of the component part;
indication of the reporting date or reporting period for which the financial statements were prepared;
name of the organization indicating its organizational and legal form;
format for presenting numerical indicators of financial statements.

15. Accounting statements must be prepared in Russian.

16. Accounting statements must be prepared in the currency of the Russian Federation.

17. Accounting statements are signed by the head and chief accountant (accountant) of the organization.
In organizations where accounting is carried out on a contractual basis by a specialized organization (centralized accounting department) or a specialist accountant, the financial statements are signed by the head of the organization and the head of the specialized organization (centralized accounting department) or by a specialist conducting accounting.

18. The balance sheet must characterize the financial position of the organization as of the reporting date.

20. The balance sheet must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and 11 of these Regulations):

Chapter	Group of articles	Article
1	2	3
Assets
Fixed assets	Intangible assets	Rights to intellectual (industrial) property Patents, licenses, trademarks, service marks, other similar rights and assets Organizational expenses Business reputation of the organization
	Fixed assets	Land plots and environmental management facilities Buildings, machinery, equipment and other fixed assets Construction in progress
	Profitable investments in material assets	Property for leasing Property provided under a rental agreement
	Financial investments	Investments in subsidiaries Investments in associates Investments in other organizations Loans provided to organizations for a period of more than 12 months Other financial investments
Current assets	Reserves	Raw materials, supplies and other similar assets Costs in work in progress (distribution costs) Finished products, goods for resale and goods shipped Future expenses
	Value added tax on purchased assets
	Accounts receivable	Buyers and customers Bills receivable Debt of subsidiaries and dependent companies Debt of participants (founders) on contributions to authorized capital Advances issued Other debtors
	Financial investments	Loans provided to organizations for a period of less than 12 months Own shares purchased from shareholders Other financial investments
	Cash	Current accounts Currency accounts Other cash
Passive
Capital and reserves	Authorized capital Extra capital
	Reserve capital	Reserves formed in accordance with legislation Reserves formed in accordance with the constituent documents
	Retained earnings ( uncovered loss– deducted)
Long term duties	Borrowed funds	Loans due to be repaid more than 12 months after the reporting date Loans due to be repaid more than 12 months after the reporting date
Long term duties	Other obligations
Short-term liabilities	Borrowed funds	Loans due to be repaid within 12 months after the reporting date Loans due to be repaid within 12 months after the reporting date
	Accounts payable	Suppliers and contractors Bills payable Debt to subsidiaries and dependent companies Debt to the organization's personnel Debt to the budget and government off-budget funds Debt to participants (founders) for payment of income Advances received Other creditors
	revenue of the future periods
	Reserves for upcoming expenses and payments

Contents of the income statement

21. The profit and loss statement must characterize the financial results of the organization for the reporting period.

22. In the income statement, income and expenses must be shown with divisions into ordinary and extraordinary.

23. The profit and loss statement must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and 11 of these Regulations):

Proceeds from the sale of goods, products, works, services minus value added tax, excise taxes, etc. taxes and mandatory payments(net revenue)
Cost of goods, products, works, services sold (except for commercial and administrative expenses)
Gross profit
Business expenses
Administrative expenses
Profit/loss from sales
Interest receivable
Percentage to be paid
Income from participation in other organizations
Other operating income
Other operating expenses
Non-operating income
Non-operating expenses
Profit/loss before tax
Income tax and other similar mandatory payments
Profit/loss from ordinary activities
Extraordinary Income
Extraordinary Expenses
Net profit ( retained earnings(uncovered loss)

Contents of the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss account

24. Explanations to the balance sheet and income statement should disclose information related to the accounting policies of the organization and provide users with additional information that is not appropriate to include in the balance sheet and income statement, but which is necessary for users of financial statements to actually assessing the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position.

25. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement must indicate that the financial statements were prepared by the organization based on the accounting and reporting rules in force in the Russian Federation, except in cases where the organization made deviations from these rules when preparing the financial statements in accordance with clause 6 of these Regulations. Significant deviations must be disclosed in the financial statements, indicating the reasons that caused these deviations, as well as the effect that these deviations had on understanding the state of the financial position of the organization, reflecting the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position. The organization must provide confirmation of the assessment in monetary terms of the consequences of deviations from the accounting and reporting rules in force in the Russian Federation.

26. The procedure for disclosing the accounting policies of the organization is established by the Accounting Regulations ( order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 9, 1998, registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 31, 1998, registration number 1673).

27. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss account must disclose the following additional information:

on the presence at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of intangible assets;
on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of fixed assets;
on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement of leased fixed assets during the reporting period;
on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of financial investments;
on the existence of certain types of receivables at the beginning and end of the reporting period;
on changes in the capital (authorized, reserve, additional, etc.) of the organization;
on the number of shares issued by the joint-stock company and fully paid; the number of shares issued but not paid or partially paid; par value of shares owned by the joint-stock company, its subsidiaries and affiliates;
on the composition of reserves for future expenses and payments, estimated reserves, their availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period, the movement of funds from each reserve during the reporting period;
on the existence of certain types of accounts payable at the beginning and end of the reporting period;
on sales volumes of products, goods, works, services by type (industry) of activity and geographic markets (activity);
on the composition of production costs (distribution costs);
about the composition non-operating income and expenses;
about extraordinary facts of economic activity and their consequences;
about any issued and received security for the organization’s obligations and payments;
about events after the reporting date and contingent facts of economic activity;
about discontinued operations;
about affiliated persons;
on state aid;
about earnings per share.

28. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement disclose information in the form of separate reporting forms (cash flow statement, statement of changes in capital, etc.) and in the form of an explanatory note. The item in the balance sheet and income statement to which explanations are provided must indicate such disclosure.

29. The financial statements must disclose data on cash flows in the reporting period, characterizing the availability, receipt and expenditure of funds in the organization. The cash flow statement must characterize changes in the financial position of the organization in the context of current, investing and financing activities. The cash flow statement must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and 11 of these Regulations):

Cash balance at the beginning of the reporting period
Total funds received
including:

from the sale of products, goods, works and services
from the sale of fixed assets and other property
advances received from buyers (customers)
budgetary allocations and other targeted funding
loans and borrowings, dividends received, interest on financial investments
other supply

Funds sent – total
including:

to pay for goods, works, services
for wages
for contributions to state extra-budgetary funds
for issuing advances
for financial investments
for payment of dividends, interest on securities
for budget calculations
to pay interest on loans received
other payments, transfers

Cash balance at the end of the reporting period

30. Business partnerships and companies, as part of their financial statements, must disclose information about the presence and changes in the authorized (share) capital, reserve capital and other components of the organization’s capital.
The statement of changes in capital must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and 11 of these Regulations):

The amount of capital at the beginning of the reporting period
Capital increase – total
including:

through additional issue of shares
due to property revaluation
due to property growth
due to reorganization legal entity(merger, accession)
at the expense of income that, in accordance with the rules of accounting and reporting, are directly attributed to the increase in capital

Reduction of capital - total
including:

by reducing the par value of shares
by reducing the number of shares
due to the reorganization of a legal entity (division, spin-off)
due to expenses that, in accordance with the rules of accounting and reporting, are directly included in the reduction of capital

The amount of capital at the end of the reporting period

31. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement must disclose (if these data are not included in the information accompanying the accounting report):

legal address of the organization;
main activities;
average annual number of employees for the reporting period or number of employees as of the reporting date;
composition (names and positions) of members of the organization’s executive and control bodies.

Rules for evaluating financial statements items

32. When evaluating items in the financial statements, the organization must ensure compliance with the assumptions and requirements provided for by the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Policies of the Organization” PBU 1/98.

35. The balance sheet should include numerical indicators in a net valuation, i.e. minus regulatory values, which must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss account.

36. The rules for evaluating individual items of financial statements are established by the relevant accounting provisions.

38. Items in the financial statements prepared for the reporting year must be supported by the results of the inventory of assets and liabilities.

Information accompanying financial statements

39. An organization may provide additional information accompanying financial statements if the executive body considers it useful for interested users when making economic decisions. It reveals:

dynamics of the most important economic and financial indicators of the organization’s activities over a number of years;
planned development of the organization;
expected capital and long-term financial investments;
policy regarding borrowings, risk management;
activities of the organization in the field of research and development work;
environmental protection measures;
other information.

Additional information, if necessary, can be presented in the form of analytical tables, graphs and diagrams.
When disclosing additional information, for example, environmental measures, the main activities carried out and planned by the organization in the field of environmental protection, the impact of these activities on the level of long-term investments and profitability in the reporting year, characteristics of the financial consequences for future periods, data on payments for violation of environmental legislation are provided. , environmental payments and payments for natural resources, current environmental protection costs and the degree of their impact on the financial results of the organization.

Audit of financial statements

40. In cases provided for by federal laws, financial statements are subject to mandatory audit.

41. The final part of the auditor’s report issued based on the results of the mandatory audit of financial statements must be attached to these statements.

Publicity of financial statements

42. Accounting statements are open to users - founders (participants), investors, credit institutions, lenders, buyers, suppliers, etc. The organization must provide an opportunity for users to familiarize themselves with the accounting statements.

43. The organization is obliged to ensure the submission of annual financial statements to each founder (participant) within the time limits established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

45. In cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, the organization publishes its financial statements along with the final part of the audit report.

46. Publication of financial statements is carried out no later than June 1 of the year following the reporting year, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

47. The date of submission of financial statements for an organization is considered to be the day of its mailing or the day of its actual transfer by ownership. If the date of submission of financial statements falls on a non-working day (weekend), then the deadline for submission of financial statements is considered to be the first working day following it.

Interim financial statements

50. General requirements for interim financial statements, the content of their parts, and the rules for evaluating items are determined in accordance with these Regulations.

51. The organization must prepare interim financial statements no later than 30 days after the end of the reporting period, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

52. The presentation and publication of interim financial statements is carried out in cases and in the manner provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the constituent documents of the organization.

Judicial practice and legislation - Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated 07/06/1999 N 43n (as amended on 11/08/2010, as amended on 01/29/2018) “On approval of the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Statements of an Organization” (PBU 4/99)”

Basic regulatory requirements provided for by PBU 4/99 “Accounting statements of organizations”

More on topic B13. IN 1. PBU 4/99. Accounting regulations “Accounting statements of an organization”, concept and composition of statements, requirements for them:

General provisions

Definitions

Composition of financial statements and general requirements for them

Contents of the income statement

Contents of the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss account

Rules for evaluating financial statements items

Information accompanying financial statements

Audit of financial statements

Publicity of financial statements

Interim financial statements