The main scientific provisions formulated by the author on the basis of the research:

1. From the point of view of the analysis of the shadow economy as an organic part of the economic life of society, it is most expedient to use a three-part scheme of the structure of the shadow economy: - The “white-collar” shadow economy does not produce new economic benefits, it is inseparable from the legal one; - "gray" shadow economy produces the same economic benefits, which is the legal economy, but outside state control; - The "black" shadow economy is the most autonomous from the legal one, since it produces officially prohibited goods.
2. In the development of society, the shadow economy plays a threefold role - it is at the same time a mechanism for "groping" institutional innovation, a duplicate of the dominant institutions and a mechanism for "rejection" of old institutions (their disposal). In each of these incarnations, the shadow economy performs both constructive and destructive functions in relation to the legal economy.
3. The legal economy has a reverse effect on the shadow economy, as a result of which the shadow economy adopts many features of the legal one: sectoral diversification is multiplied, the systemic connectivity of individual segments of the shadow economy is growing - from the local to the international level.
4. At the initial stages of market modernization of the countries of the former socialist bloc, shadow economic relations played a predominantly constructive role, becoming an important part of the mechanism of market reforms. They drew the Soviet nomenklatura into the reforms, helped the poor and the middle strata of the population to survive, and provided businessmen with a minimum level of protection of property rights.
5. At the later stages of market transformations, the destructive component of the shadow economy began to prevail. economic relations, which gradually became the main threat to the national economic security. The "white-collar" shadow economy hinders the development of competitive relations in business. The "gray" shadow economy has become a school of mass evasion from any regulation of economic life. Finally, the "black" shadow economy generates the spread of non-economic coercion, which runs counter to the principles market economy.
6. Since the shadow economy is an organic subsystem modern economy, it cannot be eliminated, but it can be limited. The search for ways to counter shadow economic relations should be carried out by constructing both formal and, more importantly, informal institutions that marginalize the shadow economy in the public consciousness of Russians.

Monographs:

1. Latov Yu.V. The economy is illegal. Essays on the theory and history of the shadow economy. M.: MONF, 2001. - 12.3 pp.

1. Economic entities post-Soviet Russia (institutional analysis). M.: MONF, 2001; 2nd ed. M.: MONF, 2003. Introduction, ch. 2 (2.1, 2.2, 2.4), 8 (8.1, 8.2), 11. (Co-authored with: Nureev R.M., Balabanova E.S., Latova N.V.) - 10.0 p.l . / 7.0 p.l.

2. Latov Yu.V., Latova N.V., Nikolaeva S.I. Everyday Shadow Economy and National Economic Mentality in Post-Soviet Russia: Relationship between G. Hofstede Indices and Shadow Indicators economic activity. M.: DirectMedia, 2005. - 7.2 pp. / 2.4 p.l.

1. Latov Yu.V. Economic theory of crimes and punishments ("economic imperialists" visiting criminologists) // Questions of Economics. 1999. No. 10. - 1.2 p.l.

2. Latov Yu.V. Long "shadows" of the "bright future" society: two experiences of interpretation // Questions of Economics. 2000. No. 8. - 1.0 p.l.

3. Latov Yu.V. Features of the national racket: history and modernity // World of Russia. 2001. No. 3. - 2.5 pp

4. Latov Yu.V. Development economics - for developing Russia// Issues of Economics. 2002. No. 3. - 0.6 p.l.

5. Latov Yu.V., Nestik T.A. What is to blame - "bad" laws or cultural traditions? // Social sciences and modernity. 2002. No. 5. - 1.2 p.l. / 0.6 p.l.

6. Latov Yu.V. Criminal globalization in the capitalist world-economy // Bulletin of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Issue. 1. M., 2003. - 0.4 p.l.

7. Latov Yu.V., Latova N.V. Economic subjects of post-Soviet Russia: virtualization of economic and sociological analysis. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2004. No. 5. - 0.2 p.l. / 0.1 p.l.

8. Latov Yu.V. Power-property in medieval Russia // Economic Bulletin of the Rostov State University. 2004. Vol. 2. No. 1. - 1.6 pp.

9. Nureev R.M., Latov Yu.V. The theory of dependence on previous development in the context of institutional economic history // Economic Bulletin of the Rostov State University. 2005. No. 3. - 0.3 p.l. / 0.2 p.l.

10. Latov Yu.V. Functions of the shadow economy as an institutional subsystem // Economic Bulletin of the Rostov State University. 2006. V. 4. No. 1. - 1.9 pp.

11. Nureev R.M., Latov Yu.V. What is path dependence and how Russian economists study it // Social sciences and modernity. 2006. No. 2. - 1.3 p.l. / 0.6 p.l.

12. Latov Yu.V., Latova N.V. Discoveries and paradoxes of ethnometric analysis of Russian economic culture according to the method of G. Hofstede // World of Russia. 2007. No. 4. - 1.8 p.l. / 0.9 p.l.

13. Latov Yu.V. Russian shadow economy in the context of national economic security // Economic Bulletin of the Rostov State University. 2007. V. 5. No. 1. - 1.2 pp.

14. Latov Yu.V., Latova N.V. Deception in the educational process (the experience of cheating) // Social sciences and modernity. 2007. No. 1. - 1.4 p.l. / 0.7 p.l.

15. Latova N.V., Latov Yu.V. Peculiarities of "Westernization" of student mentality in modernizing countries. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2007. No. 11. - 1.1 p.l. / 0.5 p.l.

16. Latov Yu.V. Economic analysis terrorism // Social sciences and modernity. 2007. No. 5. - 1.7 p.l.

17. Latova N.V., Latov Yu.V. Ethnometric approach to comparative analysis economic and cultural values ​​// Questions of Economics. 2008. No. 5. - 1.5 p.l. / 0.8 p.l.

1. Latov Yu.V. "Black" shadow economy - the economy of organized crime // Actual problems improving the activities of internal affairs bodies in the new economic and social conditions. Sat. scientific works. M .: YuI MVD RF, 1997. - 0.7 p.l.

2. Latov Yu.V. Crime, rationality and efficiency in politics (concepts of the theory of public choice) // Crime: strategy of struggle. M.: Criminological Association, 1997. - 0.5 pp.

3. Latov Yu.V. Russian economic culture and criminal behavior in business // Crime and culture of society. M.: Criminological Association, 1998. - 0.2 pp.

4. Latov Yu.V. Economic and legal concepts of neo-institutionalism (Part II. The theory of crimes and punishments) // Bulletin of the Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. 1998. Issue. 2. Kazan: YuI Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, 1998. - 1.2 p.l.

5. Latov Yu.V. Informal economy as a global historical phenomenon // Shadow economy: economic and social aspects. Problem-thematic coll. M .: INION, 1999. - 0.4 p.l.

6. Latov Yu.V. Evolution of studies of the informal sector of the economy abroad // Shadow economy: economic and social aspects. Problem-thematic coll. M .: INION, 1999. - 2.6 p.l.

7. Latov Yu.V. Shadow economy during the civil war - general and special // Shadow economy: economic and social aspects. Problem-thematic coll. M .: INION, 1999. - 1.0 p.l.

8. Latov Yu.V. Economy of crimes and punishments: 30th anniversary // Origins. Issue. 4. M.: GU-HSE, 2000. - 2.7 pp.

9. Latov Yu.V. "Thieves in law" as subjects of market modernization in Russia // Who and where seeks to lead Russia? M.: MVShSEN, 2001. - 0.4 pp.

10. Latov Yu.V. Entrepreneurs and officials of Russia - inseparable enemies or sworn friends? // Where is Russia going?.. Formal institutions and real practices / Ed. ed. T.I. Zaslavskaya. M.: MVShSEN, 2002. - 0.4 pp.

11. Latov Yu.V. Organized crime in post-Soviet Russia – a state within a state? // Economic theory of crimes and punishments. Abstract. magazine. Issue. 4. Shadow economy in Soviet and post-Soviet societies. Part 2. Articles. Bibliography. Ed. L.M. Timofeeva and Yu.V. Latov. M.: RGGU, 2002. - 1.1 pp.

12. Latov Yu.V. Smuggling is a shadow at the bottom of the abyss between the rich North and the poor South // Economic theory of crimes and punishments. Issue. 5. Criminal globalization of the economy. Part 1. Smuggling is a leading international criminal industry. Ed. L.M. Timofeeva and Yu.V. Latov. M.: RGGU, 2002. - 0.9 pp.

13. Latov Yu.V. Opium drug business in the capitalist world-economy // International Police Association against drugs. Tula, 2003. - 0.5 pp.

14. Latov Yu.V. Pluralistic system for protecting the property rights of Russian entrepreneurs // Where did Russia come from?.. Pod obshch. ed. T.I. Zaslavskaya. M.: MVShSEN, 2003. - 0.4 pp.

15. Latov Yu.V. Competition in power business: police against bandits // Economic activity of police workers: scope, causes and consequences. Materials of the international conference, February 13-14, 2003, Moscow. M., 2003. Part I. - 0.4 p.l.

16. Latov Yu.V. Social conflicts and economics: visibility and essence // Social conflicts: expertise, forecasting of resolution technology. Issue. 20. M .: Editorial URSS, 2003. - 0.8 p.l.

17. Latov Yu.V. The anti-capitalist mentality of Russians is a barrier to legalization. 2003. No. 3 (29). - 0.6 p.l.

18. Latov Yu.V. Entrepreneurs of Russia - doomed to conflict // Social conflicts in the context of globalization and regionalization processes. M.: URSS, 2005. - 0.9 p.l.

19. Latov Yu.V., Latova N.V., Nikolaeva S.I. Everyday Russian corruption and economic culture // Economy of crimes and punishments. Ed. Yu.V. Latov. Issue. 7(2). Economics of corruption. M.: RGGU, 2005. - 0.8 pp. / 0.3 p.l.

20. Latov Yu.V. Competition of "gangster" and "police roofs" in power business // Economics of crimes and punishments. Ed. Yu.V. Latov. Issue. 7(2). Economics of corruption. M.: RGGU, 2005. - 0.4 pp.

21. Latov Yu.V., Latova N.V. Economic mentality as an informal institution Russian economy// Post-Soviet institutionalism. Donetsk: "Kashtan", 2005. - 1.4 pp. / 0.7 p.l.

22. Latov Yu.V. Prohibitionism as economic institute capitalist era // Historical and economic research. 2005. V. 6. No. 3. - 0.8 pp.

23. Latov Yu.V. Informal institutions regulating the shadow economy // Scientific works of the Donetsk National Technical University. Ser. Economic. Issue. 103 - 1. - 0.6 p.l.

24. Latov Yu.V. The fight against illegal migration in the context economic theory crime // Economy of crimes and punishments. Issue. 8. Illegal migration in modern Russia. M.: RGGU, 2006. - 0.7 pp.

25. Latov Yu.V. The role of the shadow economy in socio-economic history // Historical and economic research. 2006. Vol. 7. No. 3. - 1.9 pp.

26. Latov Yu.V. Double dualism of the Soviet and Russian economy (to the 30th anniversary of the concepts of the "second economy") // Scientific works of the Donetsk National Technical University. Ser. Economic. Issue. 31 - 1 (117). Donetsk, 2007. - 0.5 pp.

27. Latov Yu.V. Tax Evasion in the Institutional System of Post-Soviet Russia // Mongo Sanhu. 2007. No. 2 (Ulaanbaatar). - 0.5 p.l.

28. Latov Yu.V., Kuntsevich V.P. Shadow economic activity as a factor of unfair competition (on the example of corruption) // Humanitarian-economic bulletin. 2007. No. 2. - 0.5 p.l. / 0.2 p.l.

29. Latov Yu.V. Terrorism as an economic institution: causes of formation, main types, consequences // Shadow economy. Economic analysis of criminal and law enforcement activities: Yearbook. 2007. M.: RGGU, 2008. - 2.5 pp.

30. Latov Yu.V. The Image of Corruption in the Public Consciousness of Russians // Combating Corruption: Problems and Prospects for the Implementation of the Regional Anti-Corruption Policy. Materials of the interuniversity scientific-practical seminar on December 7, 2007. Kazan, CJSC "New Knowledge", 2008. - 1.0 pp.

31. Latov Yu.V., Latova N.V. Ethnometric approach to the analysis of the determinants of corruption // Anti-corruption: problems and prospects for the implementation of regional anti-corruption policy. Materials of the interuniversity scientific-practical seminar on December 7, 2007. Kazan, CJSC "New Knowledge", 2008. - 0.6 pp. / 0.3 p.l.

32. Latov Yu.V. Economic Analysis of Terrorism ( analytical materials) // Actual issues of personnel training in the field of combating the legalization of criminal proceeds and the financing of terrorism: Materials of the round table. Issue 1. M .: International educational and methodological center for financial monitoring, 2008. - 2.8 pp.

1. Latov Y. An Economic Theory of Crime and Punishment // Problems of Economic Transition. Aug2000. Vol. 43. Is. 4. - 2.5 p.l.

2. Latov Y., Latova N. The Russian Economic Mentality in the World Context // Sociological Research. 2003 Vol. 42. No. 1. - 1.2 p.l. / 0.6 p.l.

3. Latov Y., Nestik A. “Bad” Laws or Cultural Traditions? // Social Sciences. 2003 Vol. 34. No. 1. - 1.2 p.l. / 0.6 p.l.

Textbooks, teaching aids:

1. Latov Yu.V. Economic Analysis of Organized Crime (lecture for the special course "Shadow Economy") // M.: YuI Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 1997. - 3.0 pp.

2. Latov Yu.V., Kovalev S.N. Economics: Textbook for students of higher educational institutions. M .: Knizhny Mir, 2004. - 16.8 pp. / 8.4 p.l.

3. Latov Yu.V., Kovalev S.N. Shadow economy: Textbook for cadets and students of higher educational institutions. M. - Tula, 2004. - 14.5 p.l. / 7.3 p.l.

4. Nureev R.M., Latov Yu.V. Institutionalism in the New Economic History // Institutional Economics: Textbook / Ed. ed. A. Oleinik. M.: INFRA-M, 2005. M.: REA, 2007. - 2.6 p.l. / 1.3 p.l.

5. Latov Yu.V., Kovalev S.N. Shadow economy. Tutorial. M .: Norma, 2005, 2006. - 15.0 pp. / 7.5 p.l.

6. Vukolova T.S., Latov Yu.V., Kovalev S.N., Latova N.V. Deviant behavior: sociological reflection. Textbook for cadets and students of higher educational institutions. Moscow-Tula, 2006. - 11.3 pp. / 3.8 p.l.

The main areas of my scientific specialization are as follows: institutional economics, theories economic systems, shadow economy, economic mentality, economic sociology, economic history, police sociology, sociology of deviance.

main scientific works on the problems of extremism and terrorism

Latov Yury Valerievich

for 2010-2013

The publication outlines the main issues of the training course "Shadow Economy". The authors of the manual consider economic theories that explain the causes, essence and consequences of the development of the shadow economy.
For students, cadets, listeners, graduate students and teachers of economic and legal universities, as well as all those interested in this issue.

Measurement of the shadow economy.
Measuring the size of the shadow economy is a difficult task. This is due to the fact that the shadow economy is hidden and tends to avoid measurement. However, an assessment of the size of shadow activity is important for the analysis economic development and formation of the state economic policy.

Modern economists have developed numerous methods for measuring the shadow economy1, which can be conditionally combined into two groups: methods used at the micro level; methods used at the macro level (Figure 2-1).

Micro-methods for measuring the shadow economy.
At the micro level, direct methods are used to measure the shadow economy: surveys to assess the scale of the shadow economy, open verification methods, and special methods of economic and legal analysis.

Content
Preface 11
Part I general characteristics shadow economic activity 14
Chapter 1. Structure, causes and consequences of the shadow economy 14
Main sectors of the shadow economy 14
Reasons for the development of the shadow economy 17
The consequences of the development of the shadow economy 17
Chapter 2. Measuring the shadow economy 20
Micro-methods for measuring the shadow economy 20
Macro methods for measuring the shadow economy 27
Comparison of different methods for assessing the shadow economy 32
Application of methods for measuring the shadow economy in post-Soviet Russia 33
Chapter 3. The scale of the shadow economy 35
Chapter 4. The role of the shadow economy in the development of economic systems 43
Shadow economy as an element of world economic history 43
The shadow economy as a factor in accelerating social development 46
The shadow economy as a factor of inhibition of social development 49
Part II. “Second” (“white-collar”) shadow economy 53
Chapter 5. General characteristics of the "second" shadow economy 53
"White-collar" forms of shadow economic activity in public sector at command economy. 53
"White-collar" forms of shadow economic activity in the commercial sector of the market economy 55
Chapter 6. Corruption 57
Types and evolution of corruption 57
Causes of corruption 63
Measuring corruption 68
Impact of corruption on social development 73
Corruption in Russia 78
Chapter 7. Tax Evasion. 80
The essence and causes of tax evasion 80
Main types of tax evasion 83
Part III. "Gray" (informal) shadow economy 90
Chapter 8 90
"Informality" in developing countries. 91
"Informality" in developed countries 102
Chapter 9 The Economics of "Informality": De Soto and Others 107
Neo-institutional approaches to the analysis of "informality". 107
"Desothian Revolution". 114
Chapter 10. The Informal Economy in the Context of Economic Systems Theory 121
Informal economy and scientific and technological revolution. 121
General patterns of development of the informal economy of the XX century. 128
Part IV. "Black" shadow economy 132
Chapter 11. History of economic analysis of crime 132
B. Mandeville: a predecessor who did not become a founder 132
The birth of a scientific school: G. Becker and others 134
General principles and the spectrum of economic and criminological research 136
Chapter 12. Economic analysis of individual criminal behavior 138
Crime as an individual rational choice. 138
Limitations of the model of rational criminal behavior 142
Chapter 13 The Economics of Organized Crime: An Organizational Economics Approach 150
Mafia as a firm 150
Mafia as a shadow government. 157
Mafia as a community. 160
Chapter 14 The Economics of Organized Crime: A Microeconomic Approach 162
Demand in the mafia market 162
Specialization of the criminal business 164
Budget mafia organizations 165
Production costs and profits of the criminal business 169
Competition in the mafia market. 170
The labor market in the mafia business. 171
Mafia power-property 174
Part V. Criminal globalization of the economy 176
Chapter 15. World criminal economy. 176
Criminal "double" of the world economy 176
Criminal global problems relationship between North and South 179
Criminal global problems of the development of the countries of the North 182
"Gray zones" of the world economy as a result of criminal globalization 184
Chapter 16. International drug business in the capitalist world-system. 186
World-systems analysis as a tool for analyzing the economy of drugs 186
Opium Challenge of the West 187
Vostok's "heroin response" 192
Results of a world-systems approach to the analysis of the drug economy 196
Chapter 17 The Economics of Terrorism 197
Terrorism as an element of modern world-systems 197
Financial sources of terrorism 199
Regional models of the economics of terrorism 202
Part VI. The fight against the shadow economy 208
Chapter 18. General principles of economic optimization of the fight against crime. 208
Crime level optimization as a goal of law enforcement 208
Economic rationale for the choice of punishment measures 212
Chapter 19
Fight against corruption. 220
Fight against tax evasion. 224
Chapter 20. Economic analysis of the fight against organized crime. 231
Chapter 21. Economic analysis of the fight against drugs 235
The Keynesian paradigm of drug economics: how to optimize government policy?. 237
The monetarist paradigm of drug economics: is government policy necessary?. 244
The neo-institutional paradigm of drug economics: yet government policy is necessary! 247
Part VII. Features of shadow economic relations in Soviet and post-Soviet Russia 251
Chapter 22
The study of the Soviet shadow economy in the USSR. 251
Studying the Soviet shadow economy in post-Soviet Russia 255
Chapter 23. Study of shadow relations in the Russian transitive economy 259
Neo-Institutional Approach: "Desotianism" and Russia 260
Traditional institutional approach: the shadow economy in the context of Russian culture 263
Results and prospects of studying the Russian shadow economy 265
Chapter 24
Negative image of post-Soviet entrepreneurship 271
Ethical assessment of entrepreneurship in Russian economic culture 276
Cultural stereotypes as a factor in economic reforms 281
Chapter 25 Russian Organized Crime as an Economic Institution 285
Organized crime in the USSR: thieves in law as a criminal government 285
Reforms in society - reforms in the mafia: the evolution of criminal industries 291
Reforms in society - reforms in the mafia: the evolution of the criminal community 294
Chapter 26 Racket Economics in the USSR and Post-Soviet Russia 298
The era of "gangster roofs". 299
The era of "police roofs". 301
The evolution of "roof construction". 304
Conclusion 309
Appendix 1. Ten books that turned Russians' ideas about the shadow economy upside down. 311
Annex 2. Topics control works course "Shadow economy" 312
Annex 3. Thematic plan of the course "Shadow economy" 327
Appendix 4. Plans of seminars for the course "Shadow Economy" 328
Appendix 5. Questions for repetition in the course "Shadow Economy" 333.