The volume of products sold in the balance sheet. The volume of product sales is a line in the balance sheet. Which accounting entry reflects profit from the sale of products?

The most common method and easiest to use is considered to be write-off actual cost.

Note from the author! If the organization does not have warehouse accounting, then at the end of the year materials should be written off as much as possible. The presence of inventories in accounting causes confusion among inspectors, since there is nowhere for the balances to be stored. Only overalls can be left.

Materials must reflect fixed assets worth less than 40,000 rubles. Of course, they will not be written off permanently, but at the end of the month they should be transferred to the balance sheet as low-value assets, so they should not be in Form No. 1.

Formula for reflecting material assets in the balance sheet:

Debit balance of 10, 11 accounts – credit balance of 14 accounts + debit balance of 15, 16 accounts.

Finished products for report

Account 43 “Finished products” is used to accumulate manufactured but not sold products of the enterprise. It is formed as a result of the use of raw materials and materials, after processing of which the final product appears.

Finished products can be accounted for at actual or planned cost. When applying the actual method typical wiring next:

Debit 43 Credit 20 – products arrived at the warehouse.

Accounting using the planned cost method involves the use of account 40 “Product Output”:

Debit 43 Credit 40 – products in the warehouse are capitalized.

Once the products are in the warehouse, they need to be sold.

Info A positive difference indicates that net profit, and negative – about losses.

TO general business expenses include:

administrative and management expenses;
maintenance of general business personnel not related to the production process;
depreciation charges and expenses for repairs of fixed assets for management and general economic purposes;
rent for general business premises;
expenses for payment of information, audit, consulting and other similar services;
other administrative expenses similar in purpose.

An organization that is a professional participant in the securities market reflects the amount of costs associated with its activities under the item “Administrative expenses”. The amount on line 040 is equal to the amount of costs written off in reporting period from the credit of account 26 to the debit of account 90.2 “Cost”.

Volume of production in the balance sheet

Important: Using data from the balance sheet and profit and loss report, you can determine the effectiveness of the organization’s activities, as well as calculate the main planned indicators. Provided that management and the finance department understand the meaning of terms such as profit, revenue and sales on the balance sheet.

Terminology

The volume of product sales on the balance sheet is the amount of revenue received for the sale of goods in the reporting period.

In this case, the form of calculations does not matter.

Products can be sold on credit, for cash, with deferred payment or at a discount.

Therefore, for a more accurate calculation, the formula for calculating net sales in the balance sheet is used, when the revenue received is adjusted by the amount of goods shipped on credit.

Sales volume reflects the amount of funds received by the company. Therefore, it should be calculated by all organizations. The indicator can be expressed in the quantity of goods sold, the amount of funds received, monetary value goods sold, etc.

Revenue

First of all, you need to determine revenue:

Revenue = Production volume: output x Price.

For an enterprise that has a monopolist in the market, the price of the product does not change. That is, sales volume depends only on the number of products manufactured.
To determine how efficiently an enterprise operates, it is necessary to subtract total expenses from the amount of revenue received. Costs increase as output increases. This nuance should be taken into account when planning production.

Work is an action aimed at development.

AttentionIt should therefore be calculated by all organizations.

Tip 1: How to find the volume of products sold

Unsold products fall into line 1210 of the balance sheet as a debit balance.

Goods for resale as part of reporting

Goods intended for sale are displayed in the balance sheet:

Debit balance of 41 “Goods in warehouse” account - credit balance of 42 “Trade margin” account + debit balance of 44 “Sales expenses” account + debit balance of 45 “Goods shipped” account.

For example, the company Yuzhny Bereg LLC has the following data in its accounting records at the end of the year:

Account, sub-account

Balance at the beginning of the period

Period transactions

balance at the end of period

Total expanded

Since the figures in the balance sheet, according to the requirements of Order No. 66 n, are shown in thousands or millions of rubles, then in line 1210 you need to write:

50 – 50 + 50 + 6 = 56 thousand.

Costly accounts in progress

Work in progress must be reflected in the balance sheet as the sum of debit balances:

These are costly bills.

In the first paragraph, the calculation formula looks like this: TR= OGPn + GP - OGPk, where:

OGPn – remainder finished products on the first day of the reporting period;
GP – finished products produced during this time and intended for sale;
OGPk – balance of finished products as of the last date of the reporting period.

But in the current turbulent times, an increasing number of entrepreneurs and organizations prefer the cash method of accounting for revenue.

The formula for determining revenue according to point two looks like this: TR=P*Q, where:

TR – revenue;
P – price per piece of goods;
Q – volume of goods sold.

As you can see, nothing complicated. Example.

The production volume in the balance sheet is

Calculation of revenue in formulas and examples Let's return to the definition of revenue and look at what types of revenue exist:

Gross (or “dirty”, total, gross) is everything cash received as a result of the sale (both “cash” at the cash register and “non-cash” paid by bank card);
Net (net) - there is revenue without taxes (if you pay excise taxes and VAT, in retail gross and net revenue are equal).

In accounting, there are two ways to calculate revenue:

The accrual method (in other words, in accounting slang, “by shipment”) is used in large holdings, where products are shipped in large volumes and over considerable distances;
Cash method (i.e.

Analytical accounting for the subaccount should ensure that each type of cost is broken down into separate accounts in such a way that it is possible to isolate the amounts for commercial expenses (packaging, storage, transportation and sales) of each type of product and administrative expenses (maintenance of the administrative and managerial apparatus). Where is sales profit used in forms? mandatory reporting In mandatory reporting forms, the indicator is reflected as follows:

profit from sales in the balance sheet - there is no line with this name;
profit from sales in the income statement - line 2200.

The absence of a separate line (indicator) of sales profit in the balance sheet is due to the fact that the task of the balance sheet is to group the liabilities and assets of the organization according to the principle of their urgency.

Production volume in the balance sheet where to see

To determine the correct size of the items to be retained depreciation charges for construction projects, the construction of which is carried out simultaneously by contract and economic methods, use construction data on the amounts of depreciation deductions provided for in the financing plan capital investments, which should come in the form rent, and about the amounts of depreciation that must be withheld when paying for construction and installation work performed in an economic way. Deductions from planned savings and other sources are made within the limits of the amounts provided for in the capital investment financing plan.

Construction organizations with an annual volume of construction and installation work up to 5 million rubles. they draw up only a plan of organizational and technical measures to increase labor productivity and reduce the cost of construction and installation work. These organizations are guided in their work by the main planned indicators approved for them by the trust.

Industrial construction and installation associations are created with an annual volume of construction and installation work of at least 50 million rubles, carried out under a general contract.

A technical supervision department can be created at enterprises with an annual volume of construction and installation work carried out only by contract of at least 500 thousand rubles, and with a volume of construction and installation work from 300 to 500 thousand rubles. - an independent bureau or a group within the chief mechanic’s department.

The structure of network construction and installation enterprises is established in direct dependence on the annual volume of construction and installation work.

Norm working capital contract construction and installation organizations is set as a percentage of the annual volume of construction and installation work performed on its own, in estimated prices.

Production volume in physical terms on the balance sheet

They are called so because on them the company collects all expenses that relate directly to the production process.

What to do with deferred expenses

Finally, it is necessary to take into account the debit balance of account 97 “Deferred expenses”. These are expenses that the company spent on in the current month, but they will be deducted in the next time period.

The list of expenses may include:

certification and licensing;
insurance;
software products and subscription services;
other deferred expenses.

For example, if an object is insured for a year, then the company buys an insurance policy for full price. But the insurance will be written off monthly.

Since the insurance is valid for a year, you need to write off monthly:

27,000 / 12 months = 2,250 rubles.

Typical wiring:

Debit 76 accounts Credit 51 accounts – an insurance policy in the amount of 27,000 rubles was paid.
Debit 97 account Credit 76 account – an insurance policy was received from an insurance company in the amount of 27,000 rubles.
Debit 23 (20, 26) accounts Credit 97 accounts – 2,250 rubles written off as expenses for the month.
2,250 rubles * 4 months = 9,000 rubles.
27,000 – 9,000 = 18,000 rubles.

Accordingly, line 1210 of the balance sheet from deferred expenses will include the amount that has not been written off as of December 31, that is, 18,000 rubles.

Production volume in the balance sheet line

Production volume is measured in the number of manufactured products of each type.

Then the volume is calculated necessary work to complete each task: laying the foundation, heating system, water supply system, all floors and building elements. The consumption rate of materials is indicated in project documentation. The calculated amount of work is multiplied by its cost.

Costs

The amount of expenses for production of products in accounting is called cost. It includes labor costs, material and logistics costs, and interest on loans.

All expenses are divided into fixed and variable.

The former do not depend on production efficiency. This is the sum of fixed costs such as rent, taxes, depreciation, etc.

d. Variable costs change in proportion to the change in the quantity of manufactured products.

Most of the funds are spent on purchasing materials and paying salaries.

Profit calculation

Profit is one of the performance indicators. Therefore, when analyzing the work of an organization, one should correlate the level of profit received with the costs incurred. There are several types of profits.

1. Income received from sales is called revenue or sales volume.

2. Gross profit is sales volume adjusted by the amount of production costs incurred:

VP = Sales volume - Cost.

3. Net profit is gross profit cleared of all other expenses:

Example No. 1

In April, the company sold goods worth 200 thousand rubles. The cost of production amounted to 90 thousand rubles. Overhead expenses in the form of salaries, rent, taxes amounted to another 30 thousand rubles. We count:

VP = OP - S/S = 200 - 90 = 110 thousand rubles.
PE = VP - Expenses = 110 - 30 = 90 thousand.

Disadvantages of gross output

It should be noted that assessing a company's performance in accordance with the gross output formula has several disadvantages.

The main drawback of the formula is that the value of gross output is influenced, in addition to the balances of work in progress, by the cost of the objects of labor consumed in the production process.

Unjustified excess of work in progress, decrease in product quality and changes in its assortment create only the appearance of successful work of the company.

In addition, the gross output indicator does not create an incentive for organizations to reduce the material intensity of products, so it is often excluded from the number of evaluative indicators of a company’s performance.

All indicators of production volume are determined in prices that include, together with the newly created value, the transferred cost of production assets (current and fixed assets). At the same time, the higher the material intensity of a product, the higher its price, therefore the greater the production volume in in value terms. In order to eliminate this deficiency, enterprises calculate the net production indicator.

Passport of test tasks page 5

-: Dt 10 “Materials” Kt 50 “Cash desk”

S: Remains of unfinished industrial production and semi-finished products of own production are reflected in the balance sheet at cost:

-: normative

-: planned production

+: actual

-: planned full

S: The main purpose of production process accounting is:

-: determination of production costs for the reporting month

-: determination of work in progress at the end of the month

-: determination of planned production costs

+: determination of actual production costs

S: Expenses associated with the production of products, works, services are recorded in the accounts:

+: 20″Main production”

-: 90″Sales”

-: 01″Fixed Assets”

-: 44 “Sales expenses”

S: The balance of account 20 “Main production” reflects:

-: costs of the reporting period

+: costs in work in progress

-: actual production cost of finished products

-: full actual cost of finished products

S: Debit turnover on account 20 “Main production” reflects the value:

-: costs of the reporting period

+: costs in work in progress

-: actual production cost of finished products

S: Credit turnover on the “Main production” account reflects the value of:

-: costs of the reporting period

-: costs in work in progress

+: actual production cost of finished products

-: full actual cost of finished products

S: Entry to the debit of account 20 “Main production” and the credit of account 69 “Calculations for social insurance and provision" means

-: accrual of temporary disability benefits to workers

-: payment of temporary disability benefits to workers of the main production

+: inclusion of insurance premiums in the cost of production off-budget funds from the amounts of accrued wages for workers of the main production

-: transfer to social insurance authorities of the amounts of insurance contributions due to them to extra-budgetary funds

S: The identified shortage of work in progress is reflected by the entry:

+: Debit 94 “Shortages and losses from damage to material assets” Credit 20 “Main production”

-: Debit 10 “Materials” Credit 20 “Main production”

-: Debit 94 “Shortages and losses from damage to material assets” Credit 21 “Semi-finished products of own production”

-: Debit 91 “Other income and expenses” Credit 94 “Shortages and losses from damage to material assets”

S: Products that are not fully completed are included in:

-: defective products

+: work in progress

-: materials

-: semi-finished products of own production

S: For accounting indirect costs accounts used:

-: 20 “Main production”, 23 “Auxiliary production”;

-: 96 " Reserve Fund", 97 "Deferred expenses";

+: 26 “General operating expenses”, 25 “General production expenses”;

-: 20 “Main production”, 21 “Semi-finished products of own production”

S: The attribution of overhead costs to the cost of production is reflected by the entry:

-: Debit 25 “General production expenses” Credit 26 “General expenses”;

+: Debit 20 “Main production” Credit 25 “General production expenses”;

-: Debit 25 “General production expenses” Credit 20 “Main production”;

-: Debit 26 “General business expenses” Credit 25 “General production expenses”.

S: The calculation of wages to workers for the manufacture of products is reflected by the entry:

+: Debit 20 “Main production” Credit 70 “Settlements with personnel for wages”;

-: Debit 40 “Product output” Credit 70 “Settlements with personnel for wages”;

-; Debit 70 “Settlements with personnel for wages” Credit 20 “Main production”

S: Write-off of actual general business expenses for the month is reflected by the entry:

+: Debit 20 “Main production” Credit 26 “General expenses”

-: Debit 40 “Product output” Credit 26 “General expenses”

-: Debit 26 “General business expenses” Credit 20 “Main production”

-: Debit 43 “Finished products” Credit 25 “Overall production expenses”

S: Choose the correct answer. Production costs include:

-: packaging costs for finished products

-: written off expired accounts payable to the supplier

+: shortage of materials in the warehouse within the limits of natural loss

-: expenses for payment of financial assistance

S: Correspondence of accounts Debit 43 “Finished products” Credit 20 “Main production” means:

-: write-off of actual cost of sales

-: shipment of products to customers

+: delivery of finished products to the warehouse

-: return of products by customers

S: Choose the correct answer. General business expenses include:

-: losses from marriage

+: travel expenses for management personnel

-: travel expenses for freight forwarders of the supply department

-: commission to the intermediary when selling products

S: Income other than income from ordinary activities in accounting is considered:

+: other income;

-: operating income;

-: non-operating income;

-: extraordinary income.

S: Correspondence of accounts Debit 23 “Auxiliary production” Credit 69 “Calculations for social insurance and security” means:

-: calculating temporary disability benefits to employees

-: payment of temporary disability benefits

+: accrual of insurance contributions to extra-budgetary funds from the wages of support staff workers

-: transfer of insurance contributions to extra-budgetary funds according to purpose

S: Correspondence of accounts Debit 20 “Main production” Credit 10 “Materials” means:

+: release of materials into production

-: return of unused materials to the warehouse

-: delivery of finished products to the warehouse

-: receipt of returnable waste to the warehouse

S: Account 90 “Sales”:

-: collecting and distributing;

-: calculation;

+: matching;

-: inventory.

S: The receipt of finished products to the warehouse is reflected at the actual production cost by recording:

+: Debit 43 “Finished products” Credit 20 “Main production”;

-: Debit 43 “Finished products” Credit 21 “Semi-finished products of own production”;

-: Debit 20 “Main production” Credit 43 “Finished products”;

-: Debit 21 “Semi-finished products of own production” Credit 43 “Finished products”

S: Expenses related to products sold are debited to the account:

+: 90 “Sales”

-: 99 “Profits and losses”

-: 20 “Main production”

-: 10 “Materials”.

S: Under the general procedure for transfer of ownership, products are considered sold if:

-: an advance has been received from the buyer, but the products have not been shipped;

+: the products have been shipped to the buyer and documents for payment have been presented to him;

-: funds have been fully transferred, but the products have not been shipped;

— funds have not been transferred, but the products have been shipped.

S: Entry Debit 90 “Sales” Credit 68 “Calculations with the budget for taxes and fees” means:

+: VAT accrual on sales;

-: receiving VAT amounts from the buyer;

-: presentation of VAT for tax deduction;

-: VAT transfer tax office.

S: Entry Debit 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers” Credit 90 “Sales” in terms of general order transfer of ownership means:

-: payment for products;

+: shipment of products;

-: concluding a shipment agreement;

-: purchase of products.

S: Entry Debit 90 “Sales” Credit 43 “Finished goods” means:

+: write-off of the cost of shipped products

-: payment for products

-: recognition of the buyer’s debt for the products;

-: recognition of the organization’s debt to the buyer.

S: On which account is the actual production cost of products released from production determined:

+: 20 “Main production”;

-: 43 “Finished products”;

-: 90 “Sales”;

-: 41 “Products”.

S: Payments have been received to the organization’s bank account for the upcoming shipment (sale) of products to customers. This operation is reflected in accounting by the entry:

-: Debit 51 “Current account” Credit 98 “Deferred income”

+: Debit 51 “Current account” Credit 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers”

-: Debit 51 “Current account” Credit 60 “Settlements with suppliers and contractors”;

-: Debit 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers” Credit 51 “Current account”.

S: Surplus finished products identified based on inventory results are reflected in accounting

-: Debit 43 “Finished products” Credit 90 “Sales”

-: Debit 91 “Other income and expenses” Credit 43

+: Debit 43 “Finished products” Credit 91 “Other income and expenses”

-: Debit 73 “Settlements with personnel for other operations” Credit 43 “Finished products”

S: The financial result from sales is revealed:

+: account 90 “Sales”;

-: on account 99 “Profits and losses”;

-: on account 84 “Retained earnings”;

-: on account 91 “Other income and expenses”.

S: The actual production cost of products sold is reflected in the accounting records by entries:

-: Debit 90 “Sales” – Credit 43 “Finished products”

-: Debit 43 “Finished products” – Credit 90 “Sales”

+: Debit 43 “Finished products” – Credit 20 “Main production”

S: The amount of VAT accrued by sellers on the sale of finished products and payable to the budget is reflected in accounting entries:

-: Debit 43 “Finished products” – Credit 68

-: Debit 19 “Value added tax on purchased assets” – Credit 68 “Settlements with the budget for taxes and fees”

+: Debit 90 “Sales” – Credit 68 “Calculations with the budget for taxes and fees”

S: Selling expenses include:

-: cost of delivery of materials from the seller to the buyer

+: salary of the head of the sales department

-: travel expenses of the forwarder who accompanied the materials along the way

-: loss of materials in transit within the limits of natural loss

S: Account 20 “Main proceedings” is:

-: collecting and distributing;

+: calculation;

-: matching;

-: inventory.

S: Entry Debit 90 “Sales” Credit 99 “Profit and Loss” means:

-: identification of loss from sale;

+: identification of profit from sales;

-: sales of products.

S: Entry Debit 99 “Profit and Loss” Credit 90 “Sales” means:

-: write-off of sales expenses;

-: identifying profits from sales;

+: identification of loss from sale;

-: sales of products.

S: When recognizing revenue from the sale of finished products in accounting, its value is debited from account 43 “Finished products”:

+: 90 “Sales”;

-: 68 “Settlements with the budget for taxes and fees”;

-: 91 “Other income and expenses”;

-: 99 “profit and loss”.

S: Revenue from the sale of products (work, services) is reflected in accounting by posting:

-: Debit 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers” Credit 43 “Finished products”;

+: Debit 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers” Credit 90 “Sales”;

-: Debit 90 “Sales” Credit 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers”;

-: Debit 99 “Profits and losses” Credit 90 “Sales”.

S: The accrual of VAT on sales is reflected by the entry:

-: Debit 68 “Calculations with the budget for taxes and fees” Credit 90 “Sales”

-: Debit 19 “Value added tax on purchased assets” Credit 90 “Sales”

+: Debit 90 “Sales” Credit 68 “Calculations with the budget for taxes and fees”

-: Debit 68 “Calculations with the budget for taxes and fees” Credit 19 “Value added tax on acquired assets”

S: Profit received from the sale of products is reflected by the entry:

+: Debit 90 “Sales” Credit 99 “Profits and losses”

-: Debit 99 “Profits and losses” Credit 90 “Sales”

S: The loss received from the sale of products is reflected by the entry:

-: Debit 91 “Other income and expenses” Credit 99

-: Debit 99 “Profits and losses” Credit 84 “Retained earnings”

-: Debit 90 “Sales” Credit 99 “Profits and losses”

+: Debit 99 “Profit and Loss” Credit 90 “Sales”

V1: Cash accounting

S: The amount of cash on hand is limited to:

-: cash register size;

-: service life of the cash register;

+: cash limit;

-: cashier working hours

+: three days;

S: The cash register limit may be exceeded:

-: on inflation days;

-: holidays;

-: weekend;

+: paydays.

S: The organization's cash desk is intended to:

+: only for storing, receiving and issuing funds and monetary documents;

-: only for storing, receiving and issuing cash and invoice claims;

-: for storing, receiving and issuing cash and especially valuable equipment;

-: for storing seals and basic documents of the organization, as well as storing funds.

S: The basic amount of cash in the cash desk comes from the current account:

-: for the purchase of fixed assets;

-: purchases current assets;

-: settlements with legal entities;

+: wages.

S: The limit for cash settlements per transaction is:

+: 100,000 rub.

-: 200,000 rub.

-: 60,000 rub.

-: no restrictions.

-: accountant who carries out accounting cash transactions;

+: cashier;

-: Chief Accountant;

-: Head of the organization.

S: The bill cannot perform the function:

+: cash payments;

-: security for transactions and loans

-: means of payment;

-: salary payments.

S: Cash for paying wages can be kept in the cash register for:

-: four days;

-: five days;

+: three days;

-: two days.

S: Information on cash flows at the cash desk is summarized:

-: in cash receipt orders;

-: expense cash orders;

-: journal-order No. 1 and statement No. 1;

+: cash book.

S: Which bill is characterized by the participation of three persons:

-: simple;

-: financial;

-: discount;

+: translated.

S: The transaction “cash was received from the current account to pay wages” is reflected as follows accounting entry:

-: D.70 – K. 51;

-: D.70 – K. 50;

+: D. 50 – K. 51;

-: D. 51 – K. 70.

S: In addition to cash, you can store in the organization’s cash desk:

-: incoming and outgoing cash orders;

-: cash book;

+: securities;

-: all of the above.

S: The bill, unless otherwise stated, must be redeemed:

-: within six months;

+: upon presentation;

-: until the next working day;

-: within a month;

S: K securities stored in the organization's cash desk include:

-: check books;

+: bonds;

-: current account statements;

-: vouchers to health resorts.

S: The detected amount of cash shortage in the cash register is reflected in the accounting entry:

-: D. 50 K. 91;

-: D. 50 K.75;

+: D. 94 K. 50;

-: D. 71 K.50.

S: To record cash transactions, the following account is used:

S: Account 50 "Cashier"

-: passive

+: active

-: active-passive

-: off-balance sheet

S: The following is responsible for the safety of cash in the cash register:

-: cash accountant

-: Chief Accountant

-: Head of the organization

S: The increase in cash in the cash register is shown:

-: on the debit of account 51

-: on account credit 51

-: on account credit 50

+: by debit of account 50

S: A decrease in cash in the cash register is shown:

-: on the debit of account 51

-: on account credit 51

-: on the debit of account 50

+: on account credit 50

S: Receipt of an advance payment from the buyer to the cash desk is reflected:

S: The issuance of an advance from the cash desk to an accountable person is reflected:

S: Account balance 50 shows:

-: availability of funds at the bank's cash desk

-: issuance of funds for the period from the cash register

-: receipt of funds at the cash desk for the month

+: availability of funds at the organization’s cash desk

S: Primary documents for accounting cash flows at the cash desk:

-: cash receipts and expenditures, announcements for cash deposits to the bank

-: incoming and outgoing cash orders, announcements for cash deposits into the bank, counterfoils of cash checks

+: incoming and outgoing cash orders

-: payslips and payment orders

S: Cash is accepted into the cash register on the basis primary documents:

-: consumables cash orders

-: cash receipt orders and payment documents

+: cash receipt orders

S: Cash issuance from the cash register is based on primary documents:

+: expense cash orders

-: cash receipt orders and announcements for cash deposits to the bank per day

-: cash receipt orders

+: cash receipt orders and payment documents

S: To record transactions on current accounts of settlements in banks, it is used

S: The increase in funds in the current account is shown:

-: on account credit 50

-: on the debit of account 50

-: on account credit 51

+: by debit of account 51

S: Transferring funds from a current account leads to:

-: to increase funds in the servicing bank

+: to a decrease in funds in the current account

-: to increase funds in the current account

-: does not change the current account balance

S: Crediting the payment from the buyer to the current account for

shipped products:

S: Transfer from the current account of an advance payment to the supplier for materials

reflected:

S: Account balance 51 shows:

-: transfer of funds for the period from the current account

+: availability of funds in a bank account

-: cash receipts for the month

S: Payment order used to reflect:

-: cash transactions

+: current account transactions

-: to account for settlements with the organization’s personnel

-: for reporting

-: Who draws up the payment order:

-: payment receiver

+: payer

-: payer bank

-: payee's bank

S: The bank statement is compiled:

-: payer organization

+: servicing bank

-: tax office

-: recipient organization

S: In the bank statement according to bank account organization contains information:

-: about the balances at the beginning and end of the day of money in the current account

-: about balances at the beginning and end of the month, about the receipt and outflow of funds for the month in the context of documents

-: about the receipt and outflow of funds for the month

+: about balances at the beginning and end of the day, about the inflow and outflow of funds for the day, broken down by documents

S: Transfer of funds to the account for payment by bank cards:

S: The opening of a letter of credit is accounted for as follows:

S: Payment of funds to suppliers from a letter of credit is reflected

in the following way:

+: Dt 55 Kt 60

S: Transfer of wages to bank cards

workers:

V1: Accounting statements

S: Data reflectance meters financial statements:

+: Cost;

-: Weight;

-: Natural;

-: Labor;

S: one system data on the property and financial position of the organization and its results economic activity, compiled on the basis of accounting data for established forms This?

-: statistical reporting

-: consolidated reporting

-: annual reporting

+: accounting reporting

S: Information on individual indicators of the financial and economic activities of the organization, both in kind and in monetary terms and which are the basis for statistical observation:

+: Statistical reporting;

-: Consolidated reporting;

-: Annual reporting;

-: Financial statements.

S: Reporting generated based on key indicators for short periods of time (shift, day, week, etc.):

-: Statistical reporting

-: Consolidated reporting

+: Operational reporting

-: Financial statements

S: Organizations submit annual financial statements to founders and other users within the following deadlines:

-: Within 45 days upon completion financial year

+: Within 90 days after the end of the reporting year

S: Reporting form characterizing property and financial position organizations on reporting date:

+: Balance sheet

-: Gains and losses report

S: The annual accounting (financial) statements do not include:

-: Cash flow statement

-: Explanatory note

+: Tax calculations (declarations)

-: The final part of the audit report

S: Interim accounting (financial) statements do not include:

-: Gains and losses report

+: Statement of changes in equity

-: Balance sheet

S: Negative values are reflected in the reporting:

+: In parentheses

-: In square brackets

-: For information

S: If there is no indicator in the reporting, put:

+: Dash

-: The article is not published

-: At the discretion of the accountant

S: Accounting statements are signed:

-: Tax inspector

-: Manager and auditor

-: Chief accountant and tax inspector

+: Manager and chief accountant

S: Partition structure balance sheet:

-: Three sections in the asset and three in the liability of the balance sheet

+: Two sections in the asset and three in the liability of the balance sheet

-: Three sections in the asset and two in the liability of the balance sheet

S: A balance sheet that has regulating items is called:

-: Net balance

-: Liquidation balance

-: Balance being sanitized

+: Balance-gross

S: The balance sheet asset consists of sections:

-: Productive reserves

-: Fixed assets

+: Current assets

-: Capital

+: Non-current assets

S: Reporting form characterizing the financial results of the organization for the period:

-: Balance sheet

+: Income Statement

-: Statement of changes in equity

-: Cash flow statement

What costs are meant by work in progress?

What belongs to work in progress is determined by regulatory documents:

Tax Code of the Russian Federation, namely Article 319.
Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation “On approval of the Regulations on maintaining accounting records and financial statements in Russian Federation» dated July 29, 1998 No. 34n (hereinafter referred to as order No. 34n).
PBU 4/99.

TIP: pay attention to PBU 5/01 “Accounting for inventories” to clearly understand the difference between inventories and non-material assets. Work in progress material reserves does not apply, despite the fact that when compiling a balance sheet in current assets, the “Inventories” item also includes the amounts of work in progress.

So what can be classified as work in progress and what costs are meant by this term? About the costs that the enterprise incurred for the production of work, goods, products, services, but the full production cycle for which has not yet been completed, we can say that they relate to work in progress.

Such goods and products have not yet been released by the production department, have not been registered as finished products, and have not passed all the necessary stages of acceptance and inspection. Services and works for which certificates of completion have not yet been signed by the customer are classified as work in progress.

The amount of assets that relate to work in progress in large enterprises with a large number of products can be formed in accounting in three ways (clause 64 of order No. 34n):

by the amount of costs for materials, raw materials, components;
by direct costs;
at actual production cost.

For other types of production, the cost of work in progress is taken into account at actual costs.

Characteristics of work in progress

Assets classified as work in progress have the following characteristics.

Incompleteness of the technological cycle. WIP products do not have final design; they are at the final stage of the production cycle, but have not yet been registered as finished products.
No final stage of inspection or testing. Products and work that are awaiting testing or quality control as required by the technological or production cycle. For example, an industrial installation intended to operate in chemical production under high pressure must undergo a high pressure test in production. Until such verification has been carried out, the installation is not considered a finished product and cannot be released to the buyer. This means that it belongs to work in progress. The cost of such an installation is reflected in the debit of the 20th account.
All components missing. Sometimes during production situations arise when the necessary components are not available (not in stock, not delivered on time by suppliers, changes have been made to the product design). Products awaiting final assembly are classified as work in progress.

Work in progress is formed not only on the 20th account. Auxiliary workshops and service industries and farms can also form the value of assets, which are classified as work in progress. Therefore, one of the characteristics of WIP is the place where the value is formed:

main production (account 20),
auxiliary workshop (account 23),
servicing workshops or farms (account 29).

You can read more about the formation of costs for work in progress in the article “Costs in work in progress - accounting.”

The organization may have other unforeseen expenses (p. 2350) and income (p. 2340). This way you can calculate net profit or net sales in the balance sheet: Line 2400 = 2110 – (2120 + 2210 + 2220) + 2340 – 2350 – 2410, where 2410 is the amount of income tax.

Net sales on the balance sheet can be calculated by subtracting retained earnings (uncovered loss) at the end of the period from the value at the beginning of the period. A positive difference indicates a net profit, and a negative difference indicates losses.

General business expenses include:

administrative and management expenses;
maintenance of general business personnel not related to the production process;
depreciation charges and expenses for repairs of fixed assets for management and general economic purposes;
rent for general business premises;
expenses for payment of information, audit, consulting and other similar services;
other administrative expenses similar in purpose.

An organization that is a professional participant in the securities market reflects the amount of costs associated with its activities under the item “Administrative expenses”. The amount on line 040 is equal to the amount of costs written off in the reporting period from the credit of account 26 to the debit of account 90.2 “Cost”.

Proceeds from the sale of goods what line in the balance sheet

amounts received under commission agreements, agency agreements and other similar agreements in favor of the principal, principal, etc.;
amounts of advances received as advance payment for products, goods, works, services;
receipts as collateral, if the agreement provides for the transfer of the pledged property to the pledgee;
amounts received to repay a loan provided to the borrower.

Income recognized in accounting as income from ordinary activities, if it is significant or without knowledge of which it is impossible for interested users to assess the financial results of the organization's activities, must be reflected separately in the form of a transcript to line 010 or in an appendix to the profit and loss statement (in if it is developed and adopted by the organization independently).
Every year, companies prepare financial statements. Using data from the balance sheet and profit and loss report, you can determine the effectiveness of the organization’s activities, as well as calculate the main planned indicators. Provided that management and the finance department understand the meaning of terms such as profit, revenue and sales on the balance sheet. Terminology The volume of product sales on the balance sheet is the amount of revenue received for the sale of goods in the reporting period.

In this case, the form of calculations does not matter. Products can be sold on credit, for cash, with deferred payment or at a discount. Therefore, for a more accurate calculation, the formula for calculating net sales in the balance sheet is used, when the revenue received is adjusted by the amount of goods shipped on credit.

Sales volume reflects the amount of funds received by the company. Therefore, it should be calculated by all organizations.

Revenue from sales of products which line in the balance sheet

Having false information is worse than not having it. Therefore it is important that financial statements was composed correctly.

Unfortunately, even accountants make mistakes. The use of technical means allows you to avoid arithmetic errors, but not methodological ones. Also, reporting may be distorted due to the low skills of a specialist.
Therefore, reporting is always done “with a reserve”. In the registers you can always find costs that will reduce the profitability indicator. For example, write off more inventory, non-current assets or bad debts. After all, it is always easier to lose profit than to increase it.

So, what can revenue tell us at first glance:

Is our product (service) in general demand;
Analysis of revenue for a single product item at different retail outlets will help make a decision on moving certain groups of goods from one retail outlet to another (where it is sold faster);
Which product should be purchased or produced in larger volumes;
Comparing revenue indicators for past and current periods allows you to assess how quickly the enterprise is developing, or maybe, on the contrary, there has been a decline and urgent measures need to be taken;
Having data on the current revenue of the enterprise, an entrepreneur can intelligently redistribute funds to pay bills, taxes, wages, and purchase a new batch of goods.

In the economic analysis of an enterprise, the revenue indicator is also used.

How is revenue reflected on the balance sheet?

The method of accounting for revenue is strictly prescribed in accounting policy enterprises. In the first paragraph, the calculation formula looks like this: TR= OGPn + GP - OGPk, where:

OGPN – balance of finished products as of the first day of the reporting period;
GP – finished products produced during this time and intended for sale;
OGPk – balance of finished products as of the last date of the reporting period.

But in the current turbulent times, an increasing number of entrepreneurs and organizations prefer the cash method of accounting for revenue.

The formula for determining revenue according to point two looks like this: TR=P*Q, where:

TR – revenue;
P – price per piece of goods;
Q – volume of goods sold.

As you can see, nothing complicated. Example.

Instruction 1 Cost analysis is one of the most important aspects economic analysis. It shows how much it cost the company to produce a certain volume of products.

When setting the price, these expenses must be taken into account as a minimum cost. To increase profits without increasing the price of a popular product, you should explore opportunities to reduce costs without losing product quality.

Attention

To find the cost, add up all the costs associated with the production and sale of products. They can be divided into two large groups: variable and fixed costs.

Note that the former grow in proportion to the volume of output. These include: costs for the purchase of raw materials, wages, purchase or rental of special equipment, creation or purchase of containers and personal packaging.

Sales profit: formula

If an organization uses account 40 “Output of products (works, services)” to account for production costs, the amount of excess of the actual production cost of manufactured products, completed works and rendered services over their standard (planned) cost is included in the article “Cost of goods sold, products, works, services." In the case when the actual production cost is lower than the standard (planned) cost, the amount of this deviation reduces the data for the specified item.

Organizations can distribute administrative and commercial expenses between finished products sold and those remaining in stock (or between sold and unsold goods in trade organizations). In this case, part of these expenses will be included in the cost of products (goods).

However, they are not reflected in lines 030 and 040.

In such a situation, can an employer count absenteeism to an employee with all the ensuing consequences?< … Отказ банка в проведении операции можно обжаловать Банк России разработал требования к заявлению, которое клиент банка (организация, ИП, физлицо) может направить в interdepartmental commission in the event that the bank refuses to make a payment or enter into a bank account (deposit) agreement.

< … Главная → Бухгалтерские консультации → Бухгалтерская отчетность Актуально на: 29 августа 2017 г. Под выпуском продукции обычно понимается заключительный этап производственного процесса, в результате которого законченная готовая продукция приходуется на склад.

>Reflection of revenue in the balance sheet

Good afternoon, dear readers!

How to determine revenue from sales of goods, services or products

With a deeper and more detailed analysis, the indicators of capital turnover and return on equity are determined. Calculation of revenue in formulas and examples Let's return to the definition of revenue and look at what types of revenue exist:

Gross (or “dirty”, total, gross) is all the funds received as a result of the sale (both “cash” at the cash desk and “non-cash” paid by bank card);
Net (net) - there is revenue without taxes (if you pay excise taxes and VAT, in retail gross and net revenue are equal).

In accounting, there are two ways to calculate revenue:

The accrual method (in other words, in accounting slang, “by shipment”) is used in large holdings, where products are shipped in large volumes and over considerable distances;
Cash method (i.e.

Analytical accounting for the subaccount should ensure that each type of cost is broken down into separate accounts in such a way that it is possible to isolate the amounts for commercial expenses (packaging, storage, transportation and sales) of each type of product and administrative expenses (maintenance of the administrative and managerial apparatus). Where is sales profit used in mandatory reporting forms? In mandatory reporting forms, the indicator is reflected as follows:

profit from sales in the balance sheet - there is no line with this name;
profit from sales in the income statement - line 2200.

Where can I find the amount of revenue in the financial statements?

No such line exists. To reflect revenue, another important accounting report is used - financial results. However, revenue and balance sheet are related, although this connection is not clearly visible. Let's trace it using the example of individual balance sheet lines. Revenue and the 1st section of the balance sheet Almost every line of the first section of the balance sheet is associated with a revenue indicator. For example, if the residual value of fixed assets or intangible assets during the reporting period decreased sharply; it is possible that some of them were sold. In this case, we can talk about the company’s possible revenue from their sale. If the balance sheet contains information about profitable investments in material values, you can expect to receive revenue from an activity such as renting out property.
Add to favoritesSend by email Revenue in the balance sheet - in which line can you see it? Such a question can only arise from someone who is far from accounting, since there is simply no specific line in the balance sheet in which revenue is presented. Yet revenue and balance sheet are interconnected. Where to find revenue in the balance sheet Revenue and the 1st section of the balance sheet Revenue and current assets 3rd section of the balance sheet and revenue Revenue and borrowed funds Results Where to find revenue on the balance sheet When a company has operated for a year, everyone is interested in knowing what its revenue is for this period and what part of it is expenses.

It is by these indicators that one can judge the profitability or unprofitability of its activities. According to all accounting laws, the balance sheet is a snapshot of the company’s performance indicators at a certain reporting date.

Searching the balance sheet for a line that would show revenue is useless.

Methods for estimating volumes of produced and sold products

Products sold - the number of products (works, services) in payment for which the company received cash or other means of payment. This definition corresponds to the “on payment” method of accounting for sales. In addition to this, the method of accounting for sales “by shipment” is allowed, when the products for which documents for payment are issued are classified as sold.

The current external accounting reports contain information on the volume of products sold. They are presented in the form of the “Profit and Loss Statement”. This:

a) revenue (net) from the sale of goods, works, services (less value added tax, excise taxes and similar mandatory payments). Revenue is shown as a separate line 010;

b) total cost of goods sold. It can be calculated as the sum of the following components:

PSA = SP + SK + SU (8.2.1)

where SP - production cost (cost of sales of goods, products, work, services - line 020 of form 2), rub.; SK - commercial expenses (line 030 of form 2), rub.; SU - administrative expenses (line 040 of form 2), rub.

Volume indicators are indicated for the reporting period from the beginning of the current year.

The volume of product sales reflected in Form 2 does not accurately characterize the production capacity of the enterprise. It includes the sale of not only main products, but also goods purchased for resale.

Shipped products include products sent to consumers, but not counted as sold. It includes the following types of products:

· the payment due date has not arrived;

· not paid on time;

· located in the custody of consumers.

The debt to pay for shipped products forms the principal amount of the enterprise's receivables. Therefore, at present, this indicator should be under the special control of managers.

The cost of sold and shipped products is related to the following relationship:

SOP = SRP + SOPk - SOPn (8.2.2)

where SOP is the cost of products shipped in the reporting period, p; SOPn, SOPk - balances of shipped products at the beginning and end of the period (at cost), rub.

Production volume, what line in the balance sheet or where to look?)

It is this formula that should be used when analyzing external financial statements. The cost of products sold is determined by formula (8.2.1). Remains of shipped products - according to Form 1 “Balance Sheet”, line 216 “Shipped Goods”.

The volume of shipped products is calculated only at cost, since the balances of shipped products in the balance sheet are taken into account only at cost.

Commercial products - the number of products, the volume of work, services intended for sale, fully completed in production. Typically, products are considered complete after their final acceptance by the inspection service.

The volumes of shipped and marketable products are related by the following relationship:

STP = SOP + SGPk - SGPn (8.2.3)

where SOP is the cost of products shipped in the reporting period, p; STP - cost of marketable products produced in this period, p; SGPn, SGPk - balances of marketable products, respectively, at the beginning and end of the reporting period (at cost), rub.

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>Proceeds from net sales in the balance sheet are a line

Annual volume - construction and installation work

Page 1

The annual volume of construction and installation work with a quarterly breakdown is established for the general contract, including work performed in-house.

In the event of a change in the annual volume of construction and installation work carried out in an economic way, or a change in the amounts of the specified sources of coverage of the plan, in connection with which the percentage of withholding established earlier changes, the bank institution has the right to recalculate this amount from the beginning of the quarter in which this change was made, and in the future, withhold the newly introduced percentage from the completed volume of construction and installation work. To determine the correct amount of depreciation deductions to be withheld for construction projects, the construction of which is carried out simultaneously by contract and economic methods, use the construction data on the amounts of depreciation deductions provided for in the capital investment financing plan, which should come in the form of rent, and on the amounts of depreciation that should be withheld when paying for construction and installation work performed in an economic way. Deductions from planned savings and other sources are made within the limits of the amounts provided for in the capital investment financing plan.

Industrial construction and installation associations are created with an annual volume of construction and installation work of at least 50 million rubles, carried out under a general contract.

The structure of network construction and installation enterprises is established in direct dependence on the annual volume of construction and installation work.

The working capital norm for contract construction and installation organizations is established as a percentage of the annual volume of construction and installation work performed on its own, in estimated prices. This norm includes the need for funds for procurement building materials, structures and parts, low-value and wear-out items, reimbursement of costs for work in progress, for future expenses.

Some types of working capital in monetary terms are standardized as a percentage of the annual volume of construction and installation work. For example, the stock norm of low-value and wear-out equipment and tools is taken in the amount of up to 2 5 - 3 5%, the sum of other costs in production is 0 5 - 1 3% of the annual volume of construction and installation work performed.

The standard of each construction organization's own working capital is determined by: 1) the annual volume of construction and installation work performed on its own; 2) the amount of consumable material assets in physical terms; 3) the costs of construction and installation work, the price per unit of material assets used in construction, transport and other costs for the delivery and storage of material assets; 4) working capital standards according to certain species(groups) of material assets and costs, expressed in days, percentages or other relative values.

Construction and installation and repair and construction departments and other units equivalent to them with an annual volume of construction and installation work of less than 10 million rubles, but not less than 8 million rubles, as an exception, belong to group IV for remuneration of management and engineering and technical workers with the permission of the Councils of Ministers of the Union republics, economic councils, ministries and departments of the USSR.

Compiled by each construction organization, which is on its own balance sheet, with the annual volume of construction and installation work.

The future demand for bitumen is determined based on the specified extrapolated values specific indicators and annual volumes of construction and installation work in the USSR.

The need for secondary machines is established according to aggregate indicators by 1 million rubles. annual volume of construction and installation work.

A construction financial plan must be drawn up by each primary construction organization on its own balance sheet with an annual volume of construction and installation work exceeding 5 million rubles. and be approved no later than one and a half months after the government approves the state plan for the development of the national economy of the USSR.

Mechanical equipment in construction production is calculated as the ratio of the cost of a fleet of working machines, equipment and tools to the annual volume of construction and installation work performed on its own. The increase in mechanical equipment indicates an increase in the level of technical equipment.

The definition of “release of finished products” is understood as the final stage of production, the result of which is the receipt of manufactured products, parts, their parts or semi-finished products that have undergone a certain technological processing into the warehouse. Such material assets are called finished products. Let's learn about the features of this asset and figure out how finished products are reflected in the balance sheet.

Information about the volume of products produced is generated on account 40. It is used to record the amounts of the planned cost of production, or to reflect transactions at actual cost. Accounting features are fixed in the company's accounting policy. Most often, count 40 is used in companies specializing in mass production of goods with an extensive range. To calculate the actual cost value, the account accumulates data on the cost of raw materials, contractor services, wages employees, fuel and energy costs, as well as other production costs.

To reflect the planned cost, the company uses information about the cost of homogeneous products produced in previous period, or it is calculated based on average values. By posting D/t 43 K/t 40, the recorded cost of manufactured products and reflected in the composition of the actual finished products is recorded.

In some companies, account 43 “Finished products” is used without generating the 40th account. With this accounting algorithm, in the debit of account 43, the cost of production is formed from the production accounts, which is recorded by posting D/t 43 K/t 20, 23, 29.

There is no special line in the balance sheet for production volume data, since this information is included in the block inventories, for which line 1210 is allocated. Finished products in the balance sheet are reflected in the same line - in the structure of inventories along with other working capital.

Product sales volume in the balance sheet: line

Revenue from sales of products is not reflected in the balance sheet, since it records the results, i.e., profit or loss as of the reporting date. The sold product is neither an asset nor final information. The revenue indicator is included in the financial performance statement (FIR) and plays a key role in calculating the financial result achieved by the company for a certain period.

However, there are options when revenue is recorded as an asset on the balance sheet. This happens if the sold products are not paid for by the purchaser in the reporting period. In this case, the cost of the consignment of goods goes into the category of accounts receivable and is indicated in line 1230, provided in the balance sheet for data on debts of debtors accounted for on account 62.

Revenue from the sale of inventory items is recorded by posting D/t 62 K/t 90/1. At the end of the reporting period, the amount from the debit of the 62nd account increases the amount of accounts receivable. Thus, the unpaid debt is reflected in the amount owed. When money is received from the buyer, posting D/t 51 K/t 62 will neutralize the debt, and the amount of proceeds will be reflected in the financial statement. It is important to remember that in balance sheet line 1230, unreceived revenue is taken into account together with VAT, while in the general financial report it is recorded without tax.

Accounting statements: features of accounting for the cost of finished products

The value of the balances of finished products listed in the warehouse as of the reporting date in the balance sheet is included in the amount reflected in line 1210 “Inventories”. That is, finished products are an integral part of inventories, the total value of which consists of (clause 20 of PBU 4/99, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated July 6, 1999 No. 43n):

raw materials and supplies;
costs in work in progress;
finished products, goods and goods shipped;
expenses of future periods.

To learn about what sections the balance sheet consists of and how to fill it out correctly, read the article “Balance Sheet (Assets and Liabilities, Sections, Types).”

Being an integral part of inventories (clause 2 of PBU 5/01, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 06/09/2001 No. 44n), finished products must be taken into account at actual cost (clause 5 of PBU 5/01). Upon disposal, it is assessed in accordance with one of the methods chosen for this (clause 22 of PBU 5/01), i.e. based on the cost:

each unit;
average;
first acquisitions.

Both of these valuation procedures (input and output) affect the cost at which the balance of available finished products will be reflected in the balance sheet (clause 24 of PBU 5/01).

The actual cost of the finished product is determined based on the actual costs incurred for its production (clause 7 of PBU 5/01). Finished products, as they are manufactured, are accepted for accounting in the warehouse, which is reflected by posting to the debit of account 43, intended for accounting for these products. However, due to the fact that at the time of receipt the actual cost has not yet been formed (the month is not closed), the receipt is processed at the discount price (clause 204 Methodological recommendations according to the accounting of inventories approved by order of the Ministry of Finance dated December 28, 2001 No. 119n), selected by the taxpayer independently from several possible options. At the end of the month, when it becomes clear actual value expenses for the creation of each type of finished product, the accounting value is adjusted to the actual value.

Accounting accounts 43 and 45 to reflect finished products

Thus, all products manufactured for sale within a month are recorded as a debit to account 43 at their book value. At the end of the month, this cost must be adjusted to the actual cost. Moreover, within a month, some of the products have already been sold. What is the algorithm for accounting for deviations?

Deviations in value can be collected in 2 ways: on account 40 or on a separate sub-account of account 43. The accounting value will be calculated as follows:

with the first method: Dt 43 Kt 40;
with the second: Dt 43 Kt 20 (23, 29).

The deviation will be generated by:

accrual of actual cost with receipt of the difference on account 40 - with the first method: Dt 40 Kt 20 (23, 29);
additional accrual (with plus or minus) of the adjustment amount - in the second method: Dt 43 Kt 20 (23, 29).

To learn about what costs form the cost of manufactured products, read the material “Composition of costs included in the cost of production.”

Write-off of the cost of manufactured products when they are shipped during the month of manufacture is reflected by posting Dt 90 Kt 43 at book value. At the end of the month, the cost of shipped products is adjusted by postings Dt 90 Kt 40 or Dt 90 Kt 43, depending on the selected deviation account.

When taking into account deviations on account 40 for products that remained unshipped, at the end of the month you will have to make a posting Dt 43 Kt 40 for the amount of deviations associated with these products, so that the balance on account 43 shows its actual cost.

For shipments of finished products or goods with a special transfer of ownership (the shipment takes place, and recognition of the sale occurs later), an interim account 45 “Goods shipped” is used, i.e. in the correspondence of transactions reflecting such a shipment, instead of account 90, account 45 is used: Dt 45 Kt 41 (43). Recognition of the sale will subsequently be reflected by posting Dt 90 Kt 45.

What goods are included in account 45? These are, for example, goods transferred for commission. Also, account 45 “Goods shipped” is used in case of export of products. The use of account 45 when exporting is due to the fact that ownership remains with the seller for some time until all customs procedures are completed.

Accounting for finished products

To summarize information about the availability and movement of finished products, account 43 “Finished products” is intended.

This account is used by organizations carrying out production activities.

Finished goods can be accounted for in one of three ways:

at actual production cost;

at accounting prices (standard (planned) cost) - using account 40 “Output of products (works, services)” or without its use;

for direct cost items.

Accounting for products at actual cost

If an organization decides to account for finished products at actual cost, then in this case they will be accounted for only using account 43 “Finished products”.

In this case, the receipt of finished products at the warehouse is reflected by the following posting:

Debit 43 Credit 20 - finished products are accepted for accounting.

Accounting for products at accounting prices (planned cost)

There are two ways to account for such products:

without using account 40 “Output of products (works, services)”;

using account 40 “Output of products (works, services)”.

If the first method is used, then when transferring finished products to the warehouse, reflected at accounting prices (planned cost), the following entry is made:

Debit 43 Credit 20 (23, 29) - finished products were capitalized at accounting prices (planned cost).

If the second method is used, then the finished products are reflected in correspondence with account 40 “Output of products (works, services)” at standard or planned cost.

After the products are manufactured and transferred to the warehouse, a record is made:

Debit 43 Credit 40 - finished products were capitalized at standard (planned) cost.

The cost of products manufactured by the main production is reflected by posting:

Debit 40 Credit 20 - reflects the actual cost of products produced by the main production.

As a rule, the accounting standard (planned) cost of finished products does not coincide with its actual cost.

As a result, account 40 has a balance - debit or credit.

At the end of the month it is written off, and as a result account 40 will have no balance.

The debit balance on account 40 is the excess of the actual cost over the standard or planned cost (overexpenditure), the credit balance is the excess of the standard or planned cost over the actual cost (savings).

The debit balance of account 40 is written off monthly by posting:

Debit 90-2 Credit 40 - the excess of the actual cost of manufactured products over its standard (planned) cost is written off.

The credit balance on account 40 is written off monthly with a reversal entry:

Debit 90-2 Credit 40 - the excess of the standard (planned) cost of manufactured products over its actual cost is reversed.

Accounting for revenue from the sale of finished products

Transactions related to the sale of finished products are reflected in accounting using the following accounting entries:

Debit 62 Credit 90-1 - revenue from the sale of finished products is reflected.

When revenue from the sale of finished products is recognized in accounting, its value is written off from account 43 “Finished Products” to the debit of account 90 “Sales”.

Reflection of finished products in the balance sheet of the enterprise

Finished products are reflected in the balance sheet at the actual or standard (planned) production cost (clause 59 of the Regulations on accounting and financial reporting in the Russian Federation, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 29, 1998 N 34n).

In the balance sheet, the value of balances of finished products not sold and not shipped to customers as of the reporting date is indicated on line 1210 “Inventories”.

Organizations independently determine the details of this indicator.

For example, the balance sheet may separately contain information on the cost of materials, finished products and goods, costs in work in progress, if such information is recognized by the organization as significant.

If in current accounting finished products are reflected at actual production cost, then in the balance sheet they are reflected at actual production cost (debit balance of account 43).

When recording the production of finished products at standard (planned) production cost using account 40, the balance sheet shows the standard (planned) production cost of finished products.

Line 1210 of the balance sheet “Inventories”

In line 1210 enter information about total cost the company's inventories as of December 31, 2015. A breakdown of the data in line 1210 by groups and types of inventories listed in the organization is given in Section 4 of the Explanations to the Balance Sheet and the Income Statement. So, for example, the data could be given here:

on the cost of raw materials and materials not written off for production, recorded in the debit of accounts 10 “Materials”, 15 “Procurement and acquisition of material assets”, 16 “Deviation in the cost of material assets”;
on the cost of goods intended for resale, recorded in the debit of account 41 “Goods”;
on the cost of finished products, recorded in the debit of account 43 “Finished products”;
on the cost of finished products and goods shipped to customers, recorded as the debit of account 45 “Goods shipped”;
on the amount of costs in work in progress recorded in accounts 20 “Main production”, 23 “Auxiliary production”, 29 “ Service industries and farms";
on the amount of sales costs that were not written off to the accounts for accounting for sales revenue, recorded in the debit of account 44 “Costs of circulation”;
on the amount of unwritten off deferred expenses recorded in the debit of account 97 “Deferred expenses”.

Raw materials

Raw materials include material assets that are the basis for the manufacture of a particular product, are included in its composition or are necessary components in its manufacture. In addition, raw materials are considered to be resources that are fully used in the process of the company's activities. According to the Chart of Accounts, these types of assets also include: purchased semi-finished products; finished components; fuel (oil, kerosene, gasoline, etc.) and lubricants; container; spare parts for repair of fixed assets; production waste (stumps, cuttings, shavings, etc.); inventory, tools and household supplies that are not included in fixed assets; special clothes.

Accounting for such property is regulated by PBU 5/01. According to paragraph 5 of the document, raw materials and materials are taken into account at actual cost.

In the indicator of line 1210 enter initial cost raw materials and materials not written off for production as of December 31, 2015. It is recorded in the debit of account 10 “Materials”. This balance line shows the debit balance of this account as of the mentioned date.

Materials can be reflected both at actual cost and at accounting (planned) prices. When using the second option, their cost is formed using accounts 15 “Procurement and acquisition of material assets” and 16 “Deviation in the cost of material assets.” In this situation, line 1210 of the balance sheet indicates the debit balance of account 10 (accounting price of materials), 15 (cost of materials in transit) and 16 (deviations). If the balance of account 16 is credit, then it reduces the cost of materials at which they are reflected in the balance sheet.

The company has the right to create a reserve for depreciation of the cost of raw materials and supplies. Its amount is taken into account in the credit of account 14 “Reserves for reduction in the value of material assets.” If there is a reserve, its amount reduces the cost of materials at which they are reflected in the balance sheet.

Formation of the actual cost of materials...

The actual cost of materials is based on all costs associated with the acquisition of this property (excluding VAT, if the company accepts it for deduction). According to paragraph 6 of PBU 5/01, such costs include, in particular:

amounts paid to the materials supplier;
expenses for information and consulting services related to the acquisition of materials;
customs duties accrued when importing materials into Russia;
expenses for the services of the intermediary through whom the materials were purchased;
costs for the procurement and delivery of materials to the place of their use;
materials insurance costs;
expenses for maintaining the company's procurement and warehouse division;
interest costs on commercial loans provided by material suppliers;
interest expenses on bank loans received for the purchase of materials and accrued until the moment of their receipt;
expenses for bringing materials to a state suitable for use for the intended purposes (for example, for their additional processing, sorting, packaging, improving technical characteristics);
general business expenses directly related to the purchase of materials.

Like any other property, materials can be obtained in several ways. For example, purchased for a fee, manufactured by the company itself, received as a contribution to authorized capital or free of charge, acquired as part of commodity exchange (barter) transactions, capitalized as a result of disassembly and dismantling of fixed assets. Depending on the method of acquiring materials, the company forms their initial cost.

Product release usually refers to the final stage of the production process, which results in the finished goods being delivered to the warehouse. Sometimes the release of a product is considered to be its transition into the sphere of circulation, in particular, the transfer of ownership of the product from the manufacturer to the buyer. In the latter case we are talking about sold products. We will tell you how information about product output is reflected in the balance sheet in our consultation.

Volume of output in the balance sheet: line

Let's consider the line used in the balance sheet to reflect the output of products when it comes to completing the production process and posting the finished product to the warehouse. Let us remind you that accounting for the output of finished products can be kept both using account 40 “Output of products (works, services)”, and without its use, when the cost of finished products is reflected directly in account 43 “Finished products” (Order of the Ministry of Finance dated October 31, 2000 No. 94n). We talked about what accounting entries are made in this case in our separate consultation.

But regardless of how the release of finished products is reflected in accounting, finished products in the warehouse in the balance sheet are indicated on line 1210 “Inventories” (Order of the Ministry of Finance dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n). If the amount of finished products in the organization’s total reserves is significant, the organization must reflect information on product output in a detailed manner separate line in the balance sheet or indicate the relevant information in the notes to the balance sheet.

Of course, finished products are reflected in accounting on line 1210 only in terms of product warehouse balances. How are sold finished products reflected in the balance sheet?

There is no separate line for revenue from sales of products in the balance sheet. And this is not surprising. After all, the balance sheet reflects the assets and liabilities of the organization as of the reporting date (clause 18 of PBU 4/99). And the sold products are no longer an asset. Information on financial results, which includes information on revenue, is given in the profit and loss statement (clause 21 of PBU 4/99).

However, in some cases, a line can be defined for revenue from sales of products in the balance sheet. This applies to cases where the finished products sold were not paid for by the buyer. Let us recall that revenue from the sale of finished products is usually reflected in the following accounting entry (Order of the Ministry of Finance dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n):

Debit of account 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers” - Credit of account 90 “Sales”, subaccount “Revenue”

Consequently, unpaid debt from customers, which is equal to sales proceeds, will be reflected in line 1230 " Accounts receivable» balance sheet. But here it is important to take into account that the revenue in line 1230 will be taken into account together with VAT, while the income statement indicates net revenue, i.e. reduced by the amount of VAT accrued on revenue.

For profit from sales of products in the balance sheet, line 1370 “Retained earnings ( uncovered loss)". In this case, in this line, profit from the sale of products will be taken into account in total with financial results from other operations such as ordinary activities, and for others, as well as with profit (loss) of previous years.

To make accounting entries for the receipt of revenue, it is necessary to comply with the principles of income recognition laid down by the Ministry of Finance in the Accounting Regulations “Organizational Income” PBU 9/99:

the company has the right to funds from sales, which is supported by documents. In this case, the counterparty accepted the service or received the rights to the product sold to him;
the volume of income and expenses associated with sales can be calculated;
the firm has confidence that the transaction will take place and will bring economic benefits through the receipt of money or other property.

To carry out account assignment confirming the fact of sale, the documents must comply standard samples or drawn up in a form developed and approved by the company.

If all criteria are met, the proceeds from the sale are reflected in the accounting account of Section VIII “Financial Results”. Otherwise – as accounts payable in section VI. What account is provided for revenue in the accounting department is indicated by the Chart of Accounts (approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance No. 94n): this is account 90 “Sales”.

The accounting record of assets received during the sale of goods and services consists of the receipt of money, the cost of the property received and accounts receivable for products and services sold. To the entrepreneur’s question how revenue is accounted for in account 90 with or without VAT, the answer is given by the same Chart of Accounts: the amount from sales is accounted for sales price products sold including duties, excise taxes, VAT.

Financial terminology and reporting involve many fairly complex concepts. If you are not sure of the exact understanding of the economic terms that characterize business performance, our articles will help you understand the definitions:

“What is the difference between margin and profit?”;
“What is the difference between profit and revenue”;
“What is the difference between margin and markup?”

But, of course, no information can replace the live assistance of a qualified specialist. It is better to trust financial and accounting issues to professionals - this will save your time and help avoid annoying misunderstandings. Take note: you can always get expert help by contacting the Glavbukh Assistant service.

Reflection of revenue on account 90

A document that standardizes the account in which sales revenue is reflected is the Chart of Accounts for accounting the financial and economic activities of organizations. According to Section VIII of the regulations, accounting under account 90 “Sales” registers information on the income/expenses of the company’s main business and balances its financial results.

Account 90, which reflects revenue, is one of the most difficult to account for and its specificity is due to the fact that sales include not only the revenue side, but also the expense component of a multi-stage process. The plan provides for the opening of sub-accounts:

90/1 “Revenue” - for recording receipts of assets that are recognized as revenue;
90/2 “Cost of sales” - for grouping costs by products sold;
90/3 “Value added tax” - to separate VAT from the sales value of products sold;
90/4 “Excise taxes” - to allocate the amount of excise duty from the selling price of products sold;
90-5 “Export duties” - for accounting for export duties (an additional open sub-account is used);
90/9 “Profit/loss from sales” – for balancing the financial result from sales for the month.

Subaccounts 90.3-90.5 provided for by the Plan are not used by all organizations. Their use is related to the specifics commercial activities, but according to the synthetic (generalized) 90th account, it is necessary to open additional analytics by types of sales - the range of goods, products, types of work, services, etc. The company organizes a detailed division independently for monitoring results and effective management.

The specifics of accounting are as follows: entries in subaccounts of the accounting account in which revenue is kept are recorded cumulatively throughout the year. Every month it is necessary to compare the turnover of subaccount 90/1 (for credit) and subaccounts 90/2 - 90/5 (for debit) and the resulting total is transferred from subaccount 90/9 in final turns to another synthetic account 99 “Profits and losses”. That is, at the end of the month the synthetic “Sales” account has no balance, and the balance of the subaccounts at the beginning of the next month serves as the initial one. The subaccounts themselves, except for 90-9, are closed annually to subaccount 90/9.

Monthly calculation of sales results:

Counting the turnover of subaccounts - credit 90/1, debit 90/2 - 90/5.
Deduction from the amounts of turnover 90/2 - 90/5 turnover 90/1.
Posting Dt 99 Kt 90/9 for the amount of the positive difference - loss,

Posting Dt 90/9 Kt 99 for the amount of the negative total - profit.

Repetition accounting transactions next month before the end of the year.

Closing account 90 by year:

Closing subaccounts 90/1 - 90/5 by transferring to subaccount 90/9 with entries Dt 90/1 K90/9, Dt 90/9 Kt 90/2, etc., after which their balance should be equal to zero.
Control of closing subaccount 90/9 - it should be zero after all account assignments.
Opening account 90 in the next reporting period with zero balances on all subaccounts.

As you can see, the operation of the account is complex and requires not only monthly control of turnover and balances of analytical data, but also the correctness of the final annual entries. Outsourcing accounting becomes the right decision for an entrepreneur, guaranteeing the correct registration of transactions, as well as the calculation of taxes in the “optimization” mode.

Revenue in accounting: postings

Standard in standard version entries in the “Sales” account are divided into two types of correspondent entries - debiting and crediting account 90. Having considered which account in accounting the revenue is reflected in, let’s move on to practical wiring For example:

In the reporting period, Vasilek LLC sold its products for 240,000 rubles. The cost amounted to 160,800 rubles. Funds have been received into the bank account. The company is a VAT taxpayer; products sold are taxed at a rate of 20%.

Dt 62 Kt 90/1 for 240,000 rubles. - Shipment of goods.
Dt 90/2 Kt 43 for 160,800 rub. - write-off of cost.
Dt 90/3 Kt 68 for 40,000 rubles. – VAT 20% on the sales price.
Dt 90/9 Kt 99 for RUB 39,200. – profit from the transaction.
Dt 51 Kt 62 for 240,000 rubles. – crediting money to the account.

Let’s assume that for the entire year, sales receipts amounted to 1,068,000 rubles. (balance 90/1), of which VAT is 178,000 rubles. (balance 90/3). Cost for the year is 560,000 rubles. (balance 90/2) and the result from sales by the end of the year was profitable 330,000 rubles. (balance at the end of the period 90/9). Then the final turnover for the year is as follows:

Dt 90/1 Kt 90/9 for RUB 1,068,000.
Dt 90/9 Kt 90/2 for RUB 560,000
Dt 90/9 Kt 90/3 for 178,000 rub.
Result – account 90/9 is reset to zero.

These postings are indicated for recognizing revenue upon shipment of goods. Subaccount 90/1 corresponds with cash settlement accounts directly when retail sales and then the entry Dt 50 Kt 90/1 “receipt of revenue” is recorded. In general, the principle of operation of the revenue account is similar to different types activities with the difference that when writing off costs, the corresponding accounts for production costs or the cost of resold goods are used.

>Learning the basics of accounting. Which account is the revenue reflected in?

Materials Sale of fixed assets

Why does it apply to credit 90 and 91?

The division of income into “regular” and “other” is not established by law; each organization determines it independently.

Important. The usual type of activity is not the one that the organization ascribes to in the Charter and makes it the main one when registering, but the one that is actually carried out.

IN general case income from ordinary activities for manufacturing organizations includes the sale of manufactured products, for retail organizations - the sale of goods, for transport organizations - the sale of transport services. Then the rental income from such organizations will be other income if the rental of property is unsystematic (for example, production organization rents out temporarily unused production space or equipment). We talked about how revenue differs from income and other accounting concepts in this material.

But if leasing is the main activity of the organization (for example, cars are purchased for rent to taxi drivers), real estate is purchased by an agency for resale, then such income is accounted for using account 90. Proceeds from the sale of everything else are credited to account 91 (as is considered you will find out such revenue from sales). For certainty, an organization can prescribe the types of income from ordinary activities and others in its accounting policies.

Step-by-step instructions on how to reflect the implementation (including in 1C)

Let's look at the most common transactions for the sale of other property in the 1C program version 8.3.

Materials

Go to the “Sales” section, document “Sales (acts, invoices)”.
When creating a document, select the “Goods (invoice)” type.
In the document, select the counterparty, the contract (it should look like “with the buyer”), and the materials warehouse.
Using the “Settlements” link, fill in the accounts for accounting for settlements with the counterparty and settlements for advances, payment terms and settings for offsetting the advance.
Determine the method of calculating VAT - “VAT in total” or “VAT on top”.
Fill out the tabular part: for each material, select a name from the “Nomenclature” directory, indicate the contract price, quantity, and VAT rate.
By clicking on the “Accounting Accounts” link, the corresponding tab is automatically filled in: material accounting account from the directory (10), income accounting account (91.01), other income and expenses item “Sale of other property”, write-off account for the cost of material sold (91.02), VAT attribution account (91.02 “Other expenses”).
To issue an invoice, click the “Write an invoice” button.
Print the document in any of the options: TORG-12, invoice, invoice for materials release on the M-15 side.

Sale of fixed assets

Go to the section “Fixed assets and intangible assets”, item “Disposal of fixed assets”, document “Transfer of fixed assets”.
In the document, select the counterparty, the contract, the location of the asset (the department in which the asset was registered), the event of the asset (transfer of the asset).
In the tabular section, fill in the name of the OS from the directory, while its inventory number will be filled in automatically, and enter the sales price under the contract.
The income account should be indicated 91.01, the expense account 91.02, the article “Sale of fixed assets”, the VAT account also 91.02.
Using the “Create on the basis” button, you can generate a transfer and acceptance act of form OS-1, an invoice or a universal transfer document.

Revenue from non-core sales does not solve the statutory goals of the organization.

Rather, it allows you to free up funds that are temporarily unused and therefore do not provide an economic effect: to receive money for materials stored in a warehouse, for construction that is not completed for some reason, for equipment supplied but not in operation, for inefficiently used fixed assets, for overdue accounts receivable.

If such implementation gives a significant share in total amount income of the organization, it is worth thinking about efficiency financial investments. In any case, other income participates in the formation of the final financial result of the entire enterprise.

If you find an error, please select a piece of text and press Ctrl+Enter.

Volume of output in the balance sheet: line

But regardless of how the release of finished products is reflected in accounting, finished products in the warehouse in the balance sheet are indicated on line 1210 “Inventories” (Order of the Ministry of Finance dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n). If the amount of finished products in the organization's total reserves is significant, the organization must reflect information about product output in a separate line in the balance sheet or indicate the relevant information in the notes to the balance sheet.

Of course, finished products are reflected in accounting on line 1210 only in terms of product warehouse balances. How are sold finished products reflected in the balance sheet?

Product sales volume in the balance sheet: line

Debit of account 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers” - Credit of account 90 “Sales”, subaccount “Revenue”

Consequently, unpaid receivables from customers, which are equal to sales revenue, will be reflected in line 1230 “Accounts receivable” of the balance sheet. But here it is important to take into account that the revenue in line 1230 will be taken into account together with VAT, while the income statement indicates net revenue, i.e. reduced by the amount of VAT accrued on revenue.

For profit from sales of products, line 1370 “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)” is used in the balance sheet. In this case, in this line, profit from the sale of products will be taken into account in total with the financial results from other operations, both for ordinary activities and for other activities, as well as with the profit (loss) of previous years.

What to do if the amounts in the declarations differ?

When checking the documentation, regulatory authorities may see that the revenue in the VAT declaration is greater than in the profit declaration. They believe that these amounts should always be identical, but in practice this is not the case. In theory, VAT revenue should be equal to profit, but this is not always true.
The Federal Tax Service may request an explanation of the declaration, considering the error to be unfounded. Then the accountant needs to attach to the explanation documents that explain all transactions made during the current quarter. The more detailed he explains the current situation, the fewer questions there will be.

Tax revenue may be less in the case when some goods or services are not subject to VAT (detailed list of goods - Article 149 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

But the opposite situation also exists. When might it occur? There are transactions subject to VAT that are not taken into account when calculating income tax. For example, gratuitous transfer goods. For clarity, let's look at an example.

A certain company “Alpha” donated part of the goods to the company “Beta” for free use, worth 45,000 rubles (excluding VAT). The revenue of the Alpha company amounted to 540,000 rubles for the first quarter. Then, in the VAT return, the accountant wrote the amount 540,000 + 45,000 = 585,000. This amount is less than revenue, but this situation can be explained. When transferred free of charge, VAT is charged on goods, as with a regular sale.

Thus, with different amounts for profit and VAT, it is necessary to show why this situation arose and write in tax service explanation about this.

Reflection in the financial results statement:

in form 2 (profit and loss statement - opiu)

In this reporting form, VAT is always indicated as a debit as part of line 2110 Profit. Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated May 6, 1999 No. 32n established that revenue is the turnover on the credit of account 90-1 Revenue, reduced by the debit turnover on subaccounts 90-3 “VAT”, 90-4 Excise taxes.

in the balance sheet

The tax is reflected in the balance sheet as both an asset and a liability. In the asset it is reflected in two lines at once - 1220 and 1230, in the liability - 1520. Let us consider in more detail the formation of each part.

Line 1220 of VAT on purchased assets is the amount of tax that the company undertakes to deduct in the future, that is, the balance of account 19 is transferred there. For many companies, by the end of the year 19, the account is reset to zero, and then there is a dash in line 1220.
Line 1230 is accounts receivable. In other words, this line summarizes everything that buyers or customers did not pay extra (or did not pay) at the time of drawing up the balance sheet, including VAT. This also includes advances for raw materials or supplies to suppliers, which include VAT.
Line 1520 is the company's accounts payable. That is, this is the sum of all the company’s debts, including VAT. In addition, this line also includes advances received minus VAT.

Thus, VAT is reflected: in lines 1220 and 1230 in the assets of the balance sheet and in line 1520 in the liabilities.

Tax accrued - posting

The VAT entries reflect:

When selling a product or service.
Input VAT.
VAT restoration.

Let's consider each case separately and determine in which case and on which account the tax is determined.

When selling goods, this tax is always taken into account as a credit in accounts such as 68 and 76.

Commercial organizations can reduce the amount of tax payable by deducting input VAT. It is reflected as a debit in accounts 19 and 68. There are a number of cases when the tax accepted for deduction must be restored.

Recovered VAT is reflected only on one account 68 for the loan.

in the declaration

The VAT declaration consists of two parts - title page and the amount of VAT that is subject to payment to the budget or refund from the budget. To compile this document, 25 days are given from the end of the quarter.

The structure of the declaration is as follows:

The first section is the final section, in which the accountant writes about the amounts to be paid or reimbursed based on the results of accounting/tax accounting and information from section 3 of the declaration.
The second section must be completed by tax agents.
The third section contains the final amount of tax to be paid to the budget or returned from it.
The next three sections (4,5,6) are filled out only if there has been tax rate equal to zero percent.
The seventh section reflects transactions on which VAT is not paid.
Sections 8 and 9 include counterparties who are subject to tax registers according to VAT.
Sections 10 and 11 are completed only by certain types of business entities.
Section 12 – designation of taxpayers who do not have to pay this tax.

VAT is reflected in a number of documents of each company. In this case, goods may be taxed at different rates or not be subject to this tax. To prevent mistakes and desk audits, it is necessary to take into account all the nuances when paying this tax to the state budget. If the tax inspector still has questions, don’t be afraid, you just need to explain everything in detail, since perhaps your mistake is justified.

>How to reflect sales revenue in accounting, what line in the balance sheet shows its amount?

For individual entrepreneurs for LLC

What wiring is used?

Posting - the method of reflecting the profit received can be varied. IN modern economy two main options are used. Firstly, the reflection of income at the time of shipment to the counterparty, and secondly, at the time of receipt of payment for the product/service from the counterparty.

Obviously, each posting has its own characteristics and they relate not only to the choice of account to be reflected. From an economic point of view, posting at the time of transfer of goods to the counterparty is considered more risky. If after this no settlement occurs, then the profit goes into debit debt - a debt that must be paid by the counterparty to the supplier.

As with any debts, one unpleasant thing can happen to accounts receivable - delays. Therefore, it is possible that the profit already reflected in the balance sheet will not be received in a timely manner. Another thing is the reflection of the funds actually received, everything is simpler here, because the accountant takes into account the money already received into the company’s account, the risks are minimal. Now let's talk about posting accounts:

Step-by-step instructions on how sales income is reflected in accounting in 1C

Finished products

Creating a document First of all, the accountant must create a document. To do this, we go to the “Sales” subsection of the corresponding menu item. Next, we find the item “Sales (acts, invoices)”, go to “Goods, services and commission”.
Fill out the document. Enter the seller, buyer, warehouse and prices into the required lines.
Selecting products and adding them to the table By clicking the “Add” button, you can start selecting and adding products to the table line by line. But there is a more convenient option - using the “Selection” option. With its help, you will be able to select goods from those remaining in the warehouse, immediately select quantity and price (if a certain type of price has not been previously specified).
We post the document If everything that is needed is included in the report, we find and click the “credit/debit” button located at the top of the document.

Works

Services

Create a document In the 1C program, select the “Sales” menu, go to the “Sales” subsection, here we create a document using the “Goods, services and commission” option.
We fill out the document In the header of our report we add basic information: who provided the service to whom and at what price. Please note that when maintaining records only within one organization, the supplier field will be inactive and will not need to be filled out.
Selecting services for the report There are two options - through the “add” button and through the “selection” button. We recommend using the second option, then you will have the opportunity to “pull” services from the list reflected earlier in the program.
Post the document Click on the “debit/credit” button and get ready-made transactions. If something suddenly goes wrong, you can edit the document manually (the “Manual correction” checkbox).

Composition of financial statements

The Law “On Accounting” dated December 6, 2011 No. 402-FZ provides for the following package of forms, which is included in the financial statements of a legal entity:

balance sheet;
income statement;
applications.

The balance sheet is a reflection of the state of the enterprise as of the reporting date, and the financial results report shows the results of its activities for the reporting period. From this it becomes clear that in the balance sheet it will be possible to find only the accumulated profit or loss for a specific date. Moreover, this indicator will not provide an understanding of the amount of profit from sales over the entire history of the company. Line 1370 of the “Capital and Reserves” section reflects the balance of account 84. This means that the indicator is equal to the amount of accumulated loss or profit received (not only from sales, but also taking into account non-operating income and expenses, taxes) minus expenses that were incurred at the expense of profits (this could be, for example, accrued dividends, the formation of reserve capital and other expenses).

For information on the principles by which accounting statements are compiled, read the article “Accounting statements for LLCs - features and nuances.”

Income Statement for Business Analysis

It is the financial results report that will make it possible to analyze the structure of the enterprise’s profit, its dynamics in comparison with previous reporting periods. Based on the data from this form, you can make important organizational decisions to manage profits, increase profitability, and sometimes simply draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the company.

If the profit from sales in the total amount of net profit is an insignificant share, and the main influence on the net profit is exerted by other activities, then you should think about whether it’s time to change the profile of the company. Or even decide to close it altogether, since often large profits from other activities can mean the sale of the company’s assets, which sometimes indicates its unstable position.

As for the balance sheet, it is no less important for the analysis, but without the ability to understand the structure of profit for the period, the analysis will not be complete.

For information on how to analyze the balance sheet, read the material “Methodology for analyzing the balance sheet of an enterprise.”

Profit from sales in the balance sheet: which line

As mentioned above, it is impossible to directly see in the balance sheet how much profit from sales was for the reporting period. In order to discover this indicator, you will have to look at line 2200 of the income statement. A positive amount will indicate a profit, and a negative amount will indicate a loss. Negative indicators in financial statements are usually enclosed in parentheses without a minus sign.

To fill out the first lines of the form, from 2110 to 2200, the turnover of individual subaccounts of accounting account 90 “Sales” is used. Profit or loss will correspond to the amount of writing off the balance of account 90.9 to the 99th account.

It should be understood that the sales profit figure only implies results from ordinary activities. This means that if, for example, fixed assets were sold during the reporting period, then the financial result from these operations will not affect line 2200.

At the same time, PBU 9/99 and 10/99 indicate that the organization independently determines what is for it normal look activities and what not. This is often stated in accounting policies. But, in addition, it is necessary to be guided by the criteria of materiality, systematic receipt of income for any type of activity and other factors.

Which accounting entry reflects profit from the sale of products?

To account for income and form the cost of goods sold, work or services, account 90 “Sales” is used. Depending on the type of activity and the specifics of the organization’s work, the entries to reflect the receipt of revenue and write-off of expenses may differ. But the reflection of profit or loss from sales will be the same regardless of what activity the company conducts.

To properly understand how profit from sales is formed, it is best to analyze which turnovers fall into the 90th account:

Revenue is reflected by posting Dt 62 Kt 90.1. But in retail trade the wiring will look like Dt 50 Kt 90.1 or Dt 57 Kt 90.1.
The cost of services and work is written off with such entries as Dt 90.2 Kt 20 (23, 26, 25, etc.). IN wholesale trade the cost of goods will be written off using the operation Dt 90.2 Kt 41, and sales expenses - Dt 90.2 Kt 44. In retail, you additionally need to take into account the markup Dt 90.2 Kt 42. And in production, the cost of finished products will be written off using the entry Dt 90.2 Kt 43.
VAT for any type of activity will be charged by posting Dt 90.3 Kt 68.
Profit from sales will be reflected in the accounting record Dt 90.9 Kt 99.
The loss from sales will be reflected by the posting Dt 99 Kt 90.9.

IMPORTANT! In some accounting programs subaccount numbers may differ from approved by the Ministry of Finance Chart of accounts. In addition, the organization can change, delete or introduce additional sub-accounts independently if required by the specifics of its activity.

The amount of the posting in correspondence with account 99 will be equal to the profit or loss received from the sale. That is, the amount of revenue minus cost, VAT and excise taxes, if any. If the calculation is correct, the collapsed (without analytics) balance of account 90 should become zero at the end of the period. The presence of a balance will mean that the formation of the entry for writing off profit (loss) was made with an error.

When reforming the balance, it is necessary to close the 90th account. This event involves writing off the balance of all subaccounts to account 90 to account 90.9. These can be operations such as (if there is turnover during the year):

Dt 90.1 Kt 90.9 - for writing off revenue turnover during the year;
Dt 90.9 Kt 90.2 - for writing off turnover at cost;
Dt 90.9 Kt 90.3 (90.4) - for writing off turnover according to accrued VAT or excise taxes.

The balance on account 90.9 (as well as on account 90 as a whole) should become zero automatically after the above operations. If this does not happen, you should look for an error in the wiring.

Read more about balance sheet reformation in the material “How and when to carry out balance sheet reformation.”

Which line shows gross profit on the balance sheet?

InfoGross sales volume excluding VAT 135968 2 2719 Gross sales volume excluding VAT 170652 2 3413 Gross sales volume excluding VAT Not used 2 - Balance sheet profit of the enterprise Gross sales volume excluding VAT Balance sheet currency Equity(result of section IV of the balance sheet) Total costs of the enterprise 5 2 2 10 2 Monthly and quarterly we are forced to make amendments to Soviet reporting so as not to lose this difference in British reporting. Since we know the selling price of all goods sold, all we have to do is take the quantity of each type of good and multiply it by the selling price. The resulting amount is added to gross sales, and the amount of debtors increases by the amount of the increase in profit, in other words, profit contains receivables. AttentionThe gross profit deviation was due to both the excess of the actual level of cost of sales over the planned level and the failure to achieve planned indicators by sales revenue (sales volume) Let’s assume that the classical analysis costs-volume-profit. The total physical volume by type of product, the amount of gross profit and total sales revenue, and the cost of sales are taken. For each parameter, planned and actual values.
On the graph, the physical volume of sales is gross. Symbols PE - the amount of net profit P - the volume of product sales A - the average amount of all assets VD - the amount of gross income I - the amount of costs Nd - the amount of taxes paid from income Nn - the amount of taxes paid for profit account OA - the average amount of current assets VA - the average amount of non-current assets.

The gross number is

Important: Sometimes the release of a product is considered to be its transition into the sphere of circulation, in particular, the transfer of ownership of the product from the manufacturer to the buyer. In the latter case, we are talking about sold products. We will tell you in our consultation how information about product output is reflected in the balance sheet. Volume of output in the balance sheet Before the economic reform, profit was determined by the gross volume of construction and installation work performed, regardless of the readiness of construction products.
This order sometimes gave rise in construction organizations to production of products being assessed using natural and conditionally natural indicators, in units of labor intensity and cost.

On the graph, the physical volume of sales is gross. Symbols PE - the amount of net profit P - the volume of product sales A - the average amount of all assets VD - the amount of gross income I - the amount of costs Nd - the amount of taxes paid from income Nn - the amount of taxes paid for profit account OA - the average amount of current assets VA - the average amount of non-current assets. 6. assessment of materiality and risk in the audit However, in some cases, a line can be determined for revenue from sales of products in the balance sheet. This applies to cases where the finished products sold were not paid for by the buyer.

What is gross profit and how is it calculated

Then the gross profit for 2013 and 2014, respectively, is: GP2013 = TR – TCtekhn = 120,000 – 40,000 = 80,000 rubles GP2014 = TR – TCtekhn = 180,000 – 60,000 = 120,000 rubles Video - report “gross profit” in the 1C program : Trade management: The direct dependence of the indicator on the amount of revenue and technological cost is obvious. The higher the sales volumes are at constant unit costs, the greater the gross profit will be. Where is the indicator used? Calculation of gross profit is especially relevant with a relatively small share of managerial and business expenses.
If they amount to no more than 5% of the total cost, then the indicator in question is advisable to use in short- and medium-term planning. In the case of long-term planning, it is rational to calculate other types of profit. For example, margin.
If the plant assembles components and parts received from outside, the volume of sales, gross and commercial output includes the full cost of the equipment, including components and parts received from outside, provided that the plan for gross and commercial output of the plant also includes the full cost of the equipment. The cost of machine tools, forging and pressing equipment, units and other devices manufactured by the parent enterprise, as well as installation and adjustment work, is included in the volume of product sales after funds for the manufactured and shipped line are credited to the settlement account. The marketable and gross output includes the cost of the specified products, installation and commissioning work after the production of the line, its delivery to the quality control department and the issuance of an acceptance certificate at the main machine tool-building enterprise.

Finally, during a period of deteriorating market conditions commodity market the volume of product sales is reduced, and, accordingly, the size of the enterprise’s gross profit from operating activities is reduced. Under these conditions, a negative value of the financial leverage differential can be formed even at constant interest rates for the loan due to a decrease in the gross return on assets ratio. In monetary terms, the production and sales plan is characterized by the following indicators: sold products, marketable products, conditionally clean products, work in progress and gross output 1. The volume of sales of products, marketable and gross output of an industrial enterprise, as a rule, is determined by the factory method, i.e.
e.

From the above graph it is clear that the enterprise safety limit characterizes the volume of product sales that lies within the range between the point of ensuring the planned (actually achieved) amount of gross profit of the enterprise and the break-even point of its operating activities (TB). In one hundred Vp is the cost volume of product sales, ensuring the formation of the planned (or actually achieved) amount of gross operating profit of the enterprise. Indicators of market conditions are gross domestic product, product production (by industry), commissioning of fixed assets, freight turnover, retail turnover, volume sales of own products. The second level of analysis is gross profit variance analysis. The gross profit of the enterprise for the reporting budget period actually amounted to 9 million.

rub. (according to plan 22 million.

Before the economic reform, profit was determined by the gross volume of construction and installation work performed, regardless of the readiness of construction products. This order sometimes gave rise in construction organizations to production of products being assessed using natural and conditionally natural indicators, in units of labor intensity and cost. The volume of production is characterized by gross and net products, the volume of output - by finished and commercial products, the volume of sales - by shipped and sold commercial products.

The most important indicators The volume of products, works and services in construction is commercial construction products, the volume of construction and installation work in transport is cargo turnover, the volume of transportation of goods and passengers in trade is trade turnover.

Instructions 1 To calculate the information volume of the text that makes up the book, determine the initial data. You should know the number of pages in the book, the average number of lines of text on each page, and the number of whitespace characters in each line of text. Let the book contain 150 pages, 40 lines per page, 60 characters per line.

2 Find the number of characters in the book: multiply the data from the first step. 150 pages * 40 lines * 60 characters = 360 thousand characters in the book. 3 Determine the information volume of the book, based on the fact that one character weighs one byte. 360 thousand characters * 1 byte = 360 thousand bytes. 4 Move to larger units: 1 KB (kilobyte) = 1024 bytes, 1 MB (megabyte) = 1024 KB. Then 360 thousand bytes / 1024 = 351.56 KB or 351.56 KB / 1024 = 0.34 MB. 5 To find the information volume of a graphic file, also determine the initial data.

Gross sales volume is the cost of products shipped, work performed and services provided, including taxes and other payments.

Net sales volume (revenue from sales, net income) - gross sales volume minus indirect taxes and fees included in the sales price of the goods.
Gross sales volume excluding VAT
GROSS SALES VOLUME (gross income) - the cost of products shipped and work performed, including taxes and other payments.
Gross sales volume 27
Sometimes it is useful to present a given position in expanded form. In this case, the lines Gross volume of product sales, Return of previously sold products, and Sales discounts can be indicated separately.
Gross sales volume excluding VAT 135968 2 2719
Gross sales volume excluding VAT 170652 2 3413
Gross sales volume excluding VAT Not used 2 —
Balance sheet profit of the enterprise Gross sales volume excluding VAT Balance sheet currency Own capital (result of section IV of the balance sheet) Total costs of the enterprise 5 2 2 10 2
We are forced to make amendments to Soviet reporting monthly and quarterly so as not to lose this difference in British reporting. Since we know the selling price of all goods sold, all we have to do is take the quantity of each type of good and multiply it by the selling price. The resulting amount is added to gross sales, and the amount of debtors increases by the amount of the increase in profit, in other words, profit contains receivables.
Gross sales volume excluding VAT 3486856 2 69737
Net sales volume is the gross sales volume minus indirect taxes and fees included in the selling price of the product (F 2.010). Net sales volume is also called sales revenue or net income.
Equal to the gross profit of a production line (sales minus cost of goods sold) minus direct and distributed costs of marketing, research and development, selling and administrative costs.
IN modern conditions management, the main evaluation indicator is the volume of product sales, taking into account the fulfillment of supply obligations. To analyze the plan for production and sales of products, traditional quantitative and cost indicators are used, which now act as both directives and calculations. In particular, the volumes of gross and commercial output are general indicators of the growth rate of production volumes.
Report of an industrial enterprise on the implementation of the product plan (form No. 8). This report contains the following main indicators: a) gross production, b) marketable products, c) volume of product sales.
Commodity products are valued at the current wholesale prices of the enterprise (excluding turnover tax) and at the prices adopted in the plan. The plan for the production of marketable products, in contrast to the plan for gross output, is drawn up in wholesale prices in effect at the time the plan was drawn up, and not in prices as of January 1, 1975. The volume of product sales is reflected in the report in the current wholesale prices of the enterprise adopted in the plan.
During the transition to a new management system, the importance of profit from the sale of finished products or stages of work to the customer increased. Before the economic reform, profit was determined by the gross volume of construction and installation work performed, regardless of the readiness of construction products. This order sometimes gave rise in construction organizations
Product production is assessed using natural and conditionally natural indicators, in units of labor intensity and cost. The volume of production is characterized by gross and net products, the volume of output - by finished and commercial products, the volume of sales - by shipped and sold commercial products. The most important indicators of the volume of products, works and services are in construction - commercial construction products, the volume of construction and installation work in transport - freight turnover, the volume of transportation of goods and passengers in trade - trade turnover.
Using formula (1) and assuming that the sales volume at which gross income is zero is considered critical, we have
A. Determine the gross profit variance for the marketing division of the enterprise, given that it is responsible for the sales volume of each product and the selling price of a unit of product.
With an increase in costs per unit of product by 0.1, the ratio of gross profit to sales volume decreased by 5% and amounted to 75% (80 - 5).
To find the absolute change in gross income under the influence of structural changes in trade turnover, you need to multiply the reported sales volume in purchase prices by the resulting level of structure influence (- 0.32) and divide by 100 (6477 - 1936) (- 0.32) / 100 - 15 thousand rubles.
From the above graph it is clear that the enterprise safety limit characterizes the volume of product sales that lies within the range between the point of ensuring the planned (actually achieved) amount of gross profit of the enterprise and the break-even point of its operating activities (TB). In a hundred
Вр - cost volume of product sales, ensuring the formation of the planned (or actually achieved) amount of gross operating profit of the enterprise
Indicators of market conditions are gross domestic product, production (by industry), commissioning of fixed assets, cargo turnover, retail turnover, sales volume of own products.
The second level of analysis is gross profit variance analysis. The enterprise's gross profit for the reporting budget period actually amounted to 9 million rubles. (according to the plan 22 million rubles), that is, the unfavorable deviation was equal to 13 million rubles. The deviation of gross profit was due to both the excess of the actual level of cost of sales over the planned level and the failure to achieve planned indicators for sales revenue (sales volume)
Suppose a classic cost-volume-profit analysis begins. The total physical volume by type of product, the amount of gross profit and total sales revenue, and the cost of sales are taken. For each parameter, planned and actual values are substituted. On the graph, the physical volume of sales is gross
Symbols PE - the amount of net profit P - volume of product sales A - the average amount of all assets VD - the amount of gross income I - the amount of costs Nd - the amount of taxes paid from income Np - the amount of taxes paid from profit OA - the average amount of current assets assets VA - the average amount of non-current assets.
Finally, during a period of deterioration in commodity market conditions, the volume of product sales decreases, and, accordingly, the size of the enterprise’s gross profit from operating activities decreases. Under these conditions, a negative value of the financial leverage differential can be formed even at constant interest rates for the loan due to a decrease in the gross return on assets ratio.
In monetary terms, the production and sales plan is characterized by the following indicators: sold products, marketable products, conditionally clean products, work in progress and gross output 1. The volume of sales of products, marketable and gross output of an industrial enterprise, as a rule, is determined by the factory method, i.e. . the volume of production does not include the cost of that part of the finished products produced by the enterprise and semi-finished products that are used internally of this enterprise for our own industrial production needs.
If the plant assembles components and parts received from outside, the volume of sales, gross and commercial output includes the full cost of the equipment, including components and parts received from outside, provided that the plan for gross and commercial output of the plant also includes the full cost of the equipment.
The cost of machine tools, forging and pressing equipment, units and other devices manufactured by the parent enterprise, as well as installation and adjustment work, is included in the volume of product sales after funds for the manufactured and shipped line are credited to the settlement account. The marketable and gross output includes the cost of the specified products, installation and commissioning work after the production of the line, its delivery to the quality control department and the issuance of an acceptance certificate at the main machine tool-building enterprise.
The cost of equipment received by the head machine-tool enterprise from other enterprises to complete an automatic and semi-automatic line is not included in the sales volume of the head plant's products, nor in the commercial and gross output. Also, the cost of units (units, devices) for which the head plant does not carry out additional processing and installation of these units (units, devices) by its own workers is not included in the volume of product sales, in commercial and gross output.
The volume of sales of products, commercial and gross output in the production of complex machines (units), when they include individual machines received from outside, is determined in accordance with paragraphs. A and B.
In this regard, the experience of the Moscow machine-tool plant Krasny Proletary is noteworthy, where each shop manager is given a special small-format notebook containing about three dozen forms of analytical tables. The first four tables contain information about control figures, actual implementation and deviations between them for the following indicators: sales volume (for shops producing finished products and spare parts externally), commercial and gross output, and labor productivity.
The calculation begins with determining, on the basis of the current level, the amount of the fund of other organizations of the group, since they do not have a general criterion for fund formation. The remaining amount of the fund is planned by VPOs and NGOs, if possible, in proportion to the change in their planned main economic result compared to the previous year's indicators, as well as to the change in the wage fund. For VPO Soyuzgazification, the main result is the volume of sales of liquefied (natural) gas, for VPO Soyuzgazmashapparat - the volume of gross output. Adjustments to the incentive fund based on actual data are carried out in accordance with fund-forming indicators.
B. For the head machine-tool plants of the Ministry of Stankoprom, which manufacture automatic and semi-automatic lines for mechanical engineering and metalworking, and for the head enterprises of this ministry, which manufacture equipment for technological kits for the production of parquet boards, window and door blocks, the volume of sales, commodity and gross output is determined as follows ok.
UZTM - by gross output, foreign companies - by sales volume.

Volume of production in the balance sheet

Information about the volume of products produced is generated on account 40. It is used to record the amounts of the planned cost of production, or to reflect transactions at actual cost. Accounting features are fixed in the company's accounting policy. Most often, count 40 is used in companies specializing in mass production of goods with an extensive range. To calculate the actual cost value, the account accumulates data on the cost of raw materials, contractor services, employee wages, fuel and energy costs, as well as other production expenses.

To reflect the planned cost, the company uses information about the cost of homogeneous products produced in the previous period, or it is calculated based on average values. By posting D/t 43 K/t 40, the recorded cost of manufactured products and reflected in the composition of the actual finished products is recorded.

There is no special line in the balance sheet for production volume data, since this information is included in the block of industrial inventories, for which line 1210 is allocated. Finished products in the balance sheet are reflected in the same line - in the structure of inventories along with other working capital.

Product sales volume in the balance sheet: line

Profit from sales of products in the balance sheet: line

But for profit in the balance sheet, line 1370 “Retained earnings/uncovered loss” is used. True, it records the total financial result obtained from all types of activities - operational, financial, investment. In addition, profits and losses of previous periods can also be taken into account here.

Volume of output in the balance sheet: line

But regardless of how the release of finished products is reflected in accounting, finished products in the warehouse in the balance sheet are indicated on line 1210 “Inventories” (). If the amount of finished products in the organization's total reserves is significant, the organization must reflect information about product output in a separate line in the balance sheet or indicate the relevant information in the notes to the balance sheet.

Of course, finished products are reflected in accounting on line 1210 only in terms of product warehouse balances. How are sold finished products reflected in the balance sheet?

Product sales volume in the balance sheet: line

Debit of account 62 “Settlements with buyers and customers” - Credit of account 90 “Sales”, subaccount “Revenue”

Finished products for report

Volume of production in the balance sheet

Terminology

Revenue

Tip 1: How to find the volume of products sold

Goods for resale as part of reporting

Costly accounts in progress

The production volume in the balance sheet is

Production volume in the balance sheet where to see

Production volume in physical terms on the balance sheet

What to do with deferred expenses

Production volume in the balance sheet line

Costs

Profit calculation

Example No. 1

Disadvantages of gross output

Passport of test tasks page 5

What costs are meant by work in progress?

Characteristics of work in progress

Proceeds from the sale of goods what line in the balance sheet

Revenue from sales of products which line in the balance sheet

How is revenue reflected on the balance sheet?

Sales profit: formula

How to determine revenue from sales of goods, services or products

Where can I find the amount of revenue in the financial statements?

Methods for estimating volumes of produced and sold products

Production volume, what line in the balance sheet or where to look?)

Annual volume - construction and installation work

Product sales volume in the balance sheet: line

Accounting statements: features of accounting for the cost of finished products

Accounting accounts 43 and 45 to reflect finished products

Accounting for finished products

Accounting for products at actual cost

Accounting for products at accounting prices (planned cost)

Accounting for revenue from the sale of finished products

Reflection of finished products in the balance sheet of the enterprise

Line 1210 of the balance sheet “Inventories”

Raw materials

Formation of the actual cost of materials...

Volume of output in the balance sheet: line

Reflection of revenue on account 90

Revenue in accounting: postings

Why does it apply to credit 90 and 91?

Step-by-step instructions on how to reflect the implementation (including in 1C)

Materials

Sale of fixed assets

Volume of output in the balance sheet: line

Product sales volume in the balance sheet: line

See also the material “How is revenue reflected in the balance sheet?”

What to do if the amounts in the declarations differ?

Reflection in the financial results statement:

in form 2 (profit and loss statement - opiu)

in the balance sheet

Tax accrued - posting

in the declaration

What wiring is used?

Step-by-step instructions on how sales income is reflected in accounting in 1C

Finished products

Works

Services

Composition of financial statements

Income Statement for Business Analysis

Profit from sales in the balance sheet: which line

Which accounting entry reflects profit from the sale of products?

Which line shows gross profit on the balance sheet?

The gross number is

What is gross profit and how is it calculated

Volume of production in the balance sheet

Product sales volume in the balance sheet: line

Profit from sales of products in the balance sheet: line

Volume of output in the balance sheet: line

Product sales volume in the balance sheet: line