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1.2 Regulatory acts governing banking operations

It should be noted that both in the Russian Federation and abroad there is no unambiguous interpretation of remote banking services and its definition is very vague in the understanding of many specialists from a wide range of circles. Indeed, the concept is not defined either in the regulatory or legislative framework, and therefore can be understood in different ways. Moreover, as a rule, remote banking services are not tied to a particular banking product or service used by the client. Rather, on the contrary, when receiving access to a remote banking service system from the bank, the client wants this system covered the maximum number of his products and services he needed.

The only document regulating the activities of remote servicing of bank clients is the Temporary Regulations of the Central Bank of March 12, 1998 N 20-P “On the rules for the exchange of electronic documents between the Bank of Russia, credit institutions (branches) and other clients of the Bank of Russia when making payments through the Bank’s settlement network Russia" (as amended on April 28, 1999, April 11, 2000) (See Appendix 1.)

Banking operations are regulated by various regulations:

· Civil Code RF part one of November 30, 1994 N 51-FZ (as amended and supplemented, coming into force on July 1, 2009) defines the concepts of credit, bank deposit, bank account, regulates credit, settlement relations, general provisions for establishing a credit organization and conditions for carrying out its activities;

· the federal law dated July 10, 2002 N 86-FZ “On Central Bank Russian Federation" (as amended and supplemented, coming into force on January 10, 2009) defines central bank The Russian Federation as a body regulating the activities of credit institutions, exercising banking supervision and banking control, the main provisions for implementation banking;

· Federal Law of December 2, 1990 N 395-1 “On Banks and Banking Activities” (as amended on December 30, 2008) regulates the basic provisions of banking activities, organization, reorganization and liquidation of credit institutions, defines the basic concepts and types of banking operations .

· Regulations of the Central Bank of March 26, 2007 N 302-P “On the rules for maintaining accounting V credit organizations located on the territory of the Russian Federation" (as amended and additionally entered into force on January 11, 2009) determines the rules for processing banking transactions.

Regulatory acts regulating certain types of banking operations:

· Federal Law of July 16, 1998 N 102-FZ “On Mortgage (Pledge of Real Estate)” (as amended and additionally entered into force on January 26, 2009) defines the concept of mortgage and the conditions for granting a mortgage;

· Federal Law of October 29, 1998 N 164-FZ “On Financial Lease (Leasing)” (as amended on July 26, 2006);

· Regulations dated December 24, 2004 N 266-P “On the issue of bank cards and on transactions performed using payment cards” (as amended on September 23, 2008).

CHAPTER 2. Mechanism for implementing the “Client-Bank” system in Energotekhmontazh LLC

2.1 Main economic characteristics of settlement and cash document flow in Energotekhmontazh LLC

Society with limited liability"Energotekhmontazh" (hereinafter referred to as ETM LLC) is a fairly large organization, engaged in gasification of settlements in the Nizhny Novgorod region, carries out contract work on the construction of the Ivanovskaya, Arzamasskaya, and Krasnenkaya compressor stations. It also carries out retail trade, provides services to the public, and helps the population obtain government subsidies for gasification work for large and low-income families.
ETM LLC takes part in State auctions for the construction and repair of municipal institutions.
The organization operates on the principles of full economic accounting, self-financing and self-sufficiency, provides social development and stimulating employees at the expense of accumulated funds, bears full responsibility for the results of its own economic activities and the fulfillment of its obligations to suppliers and consumers, the budget, and banks.
As you know, for organizations with such a wide range of activities, the ability to quickly manage their finances is of great importance; they must always maintain an active cash settlement policy, since the competition market today is very high, it is very important to be the first and not give in to competitors.
In the organization, settlements with buyers, suppliers and other persons involved in commodity circulation are made both in cash and in non-cash form.
Cash payments are made using cash register 2 As for non-cash payments, they are carried out through a bank - this is a rather complex payment system, and organizations spend a lot of time on their implementation, as you know, in order to make a settlement with a supplier or buyer through a bank, you need to go through a whole procedure, more about this:
Our organization ETM LLC receives an invoice for payment, or an initial fee for the auction, the accountant must draw up a Payment Order (form number according to OKUD OK 011-93), where he must correctly indicate the number, date of preparation, type of payment, amount in words, indicate his details and the details of the supplier (buyer), the seal and signature of the director of the organization, this takes a lot of time because the slightest error in the numbers leads to a delay in payment of the bill, then you have to go to the bank, and this is an additional waste of time, and only then the bank services our payment order, about 20 transactions are carried out by bank transfer per day, so the organization cannot allocate a vehicle every time and take an accountant to the bank, we had to look for other ways to work with the bank.
One of these decisions was the introduction of electronic document management at ETM LLC.This decision was made about a year ago due to two main factors. Firstly, the management was not streamlined primary documentation. Although the administration of contracts with counterparties was assigned to operational managers from the relevant departments, as a rule, accounting was also involved in the process of exchanging primary documents. In such a situation, there were often delays in the provision of documents, as well as errors such as over- or underpayments, erroneous payments. All this, in turn, led to distortions in reporting and the emergence of unaccounted accounts payable.
Secondly, the document flow for payments was not regulated. As a result, in the process of passing the document - from its receipt by a financial service employee to payment and reflection of the transaction in the accounting system - numerous problems arose: violation of payment deadlines established in the contract, loss of paper documents, the need to re-invoice suppliers, etc.
The introduction of an electronic document management system for payments was supposed to improve the quality of management of the storage and movement of payment information, eliminate the loss of documents and duplication, and also establish effective control deadlines for the provision and processing of documents at various stages of their passage. Related tasks included ensuring transparency of business processes; improving the ability to track them, as well as obtaining data to assess the quality of their execution.

2.2 Analysis of the use and problems of implementing the “Bank-Client” system

Before the start of the project to automate the Bank-Client system, the company had to carry out significant organizational changes. A treasury was created within the structure of the financial service, to which three FES employees were transferred. In the area of payments, the treasury was assigned the following functions: organizing relationships with banks and financial institutions, organizing a payment system, reflecting information about payments in the company’s accounting system, and short-term cash planning.
Treasury, along with financial service and accounting department, reports to the financial director of the company. In addition, regulations and procedures for authorizing documents for payment were developed, and the data structure for payments was formalized. The company decided to completely switch to receiving documents for payment in electronic form, since in accordance with the current Russian accounting and tax legislation To make a payment, it is not necessary to have a document from the supplier on on paper with the original seal and signature of the company's management.
Nowadays, for many businesses, the ability to quickly manage their finances is of great importance. Therefore, ETM LLC installed the “Bank-Client” system, which provides such an opportunity. Many banks offer it to their clients. Usually it is called that: the “Bank-Client” system.
The introduction of such a system makes it possible to qualitatively change the very scheme of relations between enterprises and the bank. The bank, in turn, provides each client with daily statements about the status of the current account - 3 intermediate and final.
Right at his workplace, the manager or accountant of the enterprise can obtain information about the status of loan and deposit accounts and other reference information.
What can the system do? In fact, a lot. But still, its most important purpose is the generation and delivery of payment documents to the bank. Instead of printing numerous applications, payment orders, registers, and then taking it all to the bank, you can transmit the necessary information over the telephone using a computer and modem. The system developers ensured complete confidentiality: all information that the bank exchanges with its client is transmitted in encrypted form.
Almost all document flow with the bank is done electronically. In addition to payment documents, you can send a message (with a question, request, etc.) to any bank employee and be sure that it will reach the addressee. The only documents that still need to be completed on paper are checks for cash from the bank.
Who will manage the signature is decided by the management of the enterprise. But in any case, each “payment” is signed by one person, and not two, as is required when working as usual. This also increases the mobility of payments.
Before sending, any payment document must be confirmed with an electronic signature, uniform for each enterprise.
It is worth noting that the entire software package, which is called the “Bank-Client” system, was developed in OPSB itself.

2.3 Efficiency of the Bank-Client system

I, as a former accountant of ETM LLC, can say that for a long time we worked according to the usual scheme, and in 2009, at the suggestion of the bank, we introduced the “Bank-Client” system. At first there were some concerns, but we got used to it very quickly, because the system is simple and easy to use.
It is very convenient that at any time you can familiarize yourself with the status of all our accounts and receive reference data - for example, about foreign currency rates for a given day.
Installation and maintenance of the system are inexpensive, and it provides many benefits. Using document templates from the archive reduces the number of errors in their preparation. And if an error does occur, it can be easily and quickly corrected. We now go to the bank about once a week to get printed documents.
This eliminates many problems: there is no need to worry about guarding the cash register, people do not have to stand in lines after a difficult shift or travel across the city on their day off. We have hundreds of employees, and in the past the process of paying salaries was quite labor-intensive and stressful.
At first we had some comments about the operation of the system. They were taken into account, changes were made, and now we are completely satisfied with it. But we were able to fully appreciate all the advantages of working with the Bank-Client system after we began to transfer salaries to plastic cards. Now we have almost completely abandoned working with cash - we prefer to make all payments through the bank.
Now it all comes down to the fact that we create registers on the computer and immediately send them to the bank to transfer money. At first people were opposed to cards, but now they have appreciated their advantages and are very happy: they can get the required amount when and where it is convenient for them.
The introduction of an electronic document management system affected the entire organization of ETM LLC; this led to the restructuring of business processes and organizational structure, as a result, contributed to improving the company's manageability. In particular, the following results of system implementation were obtained:

work with documents for payment is fully automated, a single financial circuit for payments has been created (from the moment of receipt of the document to the reflection of the corresponding operation in the accounting system);

administration of all company payments was organized, a system of management accounting and control of expenses and income in the Central Federal District was established;

implemented operational control of timing and other parameters of payments by all interested parties;

reengineering of the company's business processes in the field of cost financing was carried out;

the process of creating a planned payment schedule and management reporting on cash flow in real time has been established

Our company has become more efficient in working with other organizations, which has increased our profits;

You can receive your salary at any time and in any place where there is an ATM.

CHAPTER 3 Improving the electronic document flow system “Bank-Client” at Energotekhmontazh LLC

3.1 Difficulties in the operation of the Client-Bank system and measures to eliminate them

The "bank-client" system is currently turning into a necessary type of service that every reputable bank should provide to its clients. In conditions of widespread transition from paper to electronic document flow, the presence of such a system often determines the client’s choice of one bank or another. In addition, if successfully implemented, the bank-client system can be used by the bank to organize document flow with all its partners - any individuals and legal entities.
So, for the functioning of the bank-client system, it is desirable to have a provider, that is, an independent company providing electronic document management services. As a result, the bank no longer needs to create its own telecommunications division. In addition, both parties receive an independent judge to resolve disputes regarding the transportation of documents by the telecommunications system. At the same time, the provider ensures the availability of a sufficient number of high-quality communication channels, provides personnel to install equipment and software at clients’ sites, and provides technical support during operation.
The ideal situation is when the provider works closely with the developer of the bank-client system being used, or is one himself.
In large cities, finding such a provider will not be difficult, but here we are faced with this problem, the fact is that there are not so many certified specialists in the field of innovative telecommunications, and there are even fewer provider companies, we had to look for a provider in another city, which became a big disadvantage.
It may seem that it is profitable for a bank that has a large number of users of the bank-client system to operate its own telecommunications system.
Actually this is not true. It turns out that it is advisable to use the services of a specialized provider company. The reasons why it is more profitable for a bank to use communication facilities provided by an independent provider are as follows:
The growth in the number of clients requires a constant increase in the quantity and quality of communication lines. It is believed that to ensure satisfactory connection time, the load on one telephone line should not exceed 30 subscribers. The provider can provide exactly as many communication lines as needed at the moment.
Serving remote clients requires connection to X.25 networks. In most cases in Russia, communication is used using two networks: Sprint and Infotel or Rosnet, however, this does not always guarantee the possibility of reliable access for the client.
The system places strict requirements on the reliability of all its components. In the case of building your own telecommunications system, as a rule, you have to reserve all elements of the system: telephone lines, computers, and telecommunications equipment, which naturally increases its cost.
The above aspects determined the fact that only large enterprises can really use the services of banks for remote account management based on “thick client” 3 systems. For organizations that make many payments every day, the gains in speed and quality of banking services are comparable to the costs of implementing and maintaining the client part of the system.
As for small businesses and private clients, it is often not economically profitable for them to implement such systems. Since the “thick client” technology implies that, in fact, part of the BIS 4 is installed on the bank client’s computer, the client can only connect to the bank from his own computer. Thus, when moving geographically, I am forced to always have my computer with me. Which was another drawback, but not as significant.

The final result of the Bank-Client system

The Client-Bank system is by far the most modern way to fully automate the entire document flow between Us and the Bank, ensuring at the same time simplicity, accessibility and high functionality. For our organization, the main advantages from operating the Bank-Client system were the following indicators:

- the system allows the bank client to receive various current banking information (account statements, status of documents, account balances, etc.) in real time;

- the client has the opportunity to transfer payment documents to the bank for execution;

- to maintain confidentiality, the system encodes all information transmitted over communication lines;

-the operating hours of the complex significantly exceed the hours of customer service in the bank’s operational departments, which allows payments to be made around the clock;

- constant trips to the bank for financial services employees various enterprises take a lot of time and create some discomfort in work. In this case, trips are most often associated with receiving statements and paying payment documents. The Bank-Client system allowed us to save time and increase work efficiency.

Documents are exchanged during a communication session, in which not only prepared payment documents are sent, but also confirmations for previously sent ones are received, statements are received, automatic updating of system directories, etc.

The “Bank-Client” Remote Banking System is a comprehensive integrated solution that includes the entire range of banking services provided outside the bank’s office.

The work of an accountant is a rather complex and time-consuming process. In order to facilitate its work, it is advisable to automate not only accounting, but also the system of settlements between the enterprise and banks. This seems possible with the help of remote banking systems. These systems are convenient for processing settlements with banks.

Domestic enterprises had the opportunity to remotely manage accounts using the Client-Bank system back in the mid-90s. Internet banking for individuals in Ukraine began to develop only three years ago. Thanks to it, the account owner can get quick access to information about the account status, transfer money to any other account, including pay mobile communications, housing and communal services and other services.

The purpose of this work is to substantiate the need to use remote banking systems and determine the main advantages and disadvantages of the Client-Bank and Internet Banking systems.

Scientists such as V. Kondratenko, V. Burtsev, R. Nabok, D. Chernyshov, N. Boguta, G. Garbuz and others have studied the automation of the settlement system between an enterprise and a bank.

The “Client-Bank” system cannot be called a new product - banks have been providing this service for 6-7 years. According to bank employees, about 20% of clients began to work using this system. Potential users can be divided into two categories: regional enterprises that do not have the opportunity to constantly travel to the bank and enterprises located in major cities, but making a lot of prompt payments.

"Client-Bank" makes it possible not only to make payments on time, but also to save. After all, domestic banks have different price policy. Some don't charge setup fees software, others, when a client switches to the “Client-Bank” system, exempt him from service fees.

Since the connection between the client’s computer and the bank’s computer network is carried out using telephone lines common use, the Client-Bank system must comply with the NBU requirements for the protection of electronic banking payments. Each Client-Bank software package is tested by the NBU for compliance with information security requirements and other technical requirements, upon successful completion of which the developer receives a certificate of conformity. This is necessary in order to prevent unauthorized access to the client's account by third parties or the client's access to other bank accounts other than those specified in the service agreement.

The advantages of the Client-Bank system are:

· efficiency - when using the system " Client-Bank"The speed of payment processing increases;

· convenience - automation of the preparation of payment orders, memorial orders, applications for currency transfers and other documents, the maximum approximation of the electronic form of documents to paper counterparts greatly simplifies the use of the system;

· speed and mobility of the system " Client-Bank" allows you to contact the bank without time restrictions;

· possibility of receiving additional information from the bank.

The Internet banking market in Ukraine is just emerging. According to estimates from the Ukrainian business magazine Expert, which are based on surveys of banks providing this service, approximately half a million people use Internet banking.

Internet banking services include statements of all accounts, complete information about deposits, loans and other banking products. Internet banking also makes it possible to apply for a loan, bank card, as well as for opening a deposit. With the help of Internet banking, each client can work with any documents, bank accounts, make payments, and not only in the national, but also in foreign currency.

Let's take a closer look at the advantages of the Internet banking system:

· mobility – the system can be accessed from any computer connected to the Internet and does not require the installation of special software;

· efficiency - the ability to obtain the necessary financial information 24 hours a day, 7 days a week;

· convenience;

· savings – tariffs for making payments using the Internet banking system are significantly lower than tariffs for processing payments on paper;

· safety .

Both systems allow the client to manage his bank account without visiting the bank premises. The main difference is that the Internet Bank system allows the client to manage his bank account from anywhere in the world via an Internet connection from any personal computer or laptop and without the need to first install additional software, while the Client- Bank", which is installed on the client’s PC located in the office and work in the system is carried out exclusively from this PC.

Since "Client-Bank" is installed on a clearly defined computer, the transfer of funds using the system requires the presence in this place of the company's management, vested with the right of first and second signature. Otherwise, the company's managers are forced to open the electronic signature to other persons, which increases the risk of unauthorized use of funds in the current account. Unlike “Client-Bank”, the “Internet Banking” system allows you to sign electronic documents from various computers with access to the Internet, and thus provides users with a certain spatial freedom.

Thus, we can conclude: in order to install various systems Remote banking doesn't have to be a large enterprise. These systems are necessary for businesses that make many payments. When choosing a remote banking system, an enterprise needs to determine for itself the main goals and methods of using such systems. If company managers often travel on business, then they should choose the Internet banking system for their company. If the head of the enterprise does not need to use remote banking systems outside the office, in this case he should choose the “Client-Bank” system.

Literature:

1. Balovsyak N. Internet for an accountant: Tutorial. – K.:Faktor, 2009. – 224 p.

2. http://www.dtkt.com.ua/automation/kl-bank/rus/47bank1.html

3. http://www.prostobiz.ua/

Currently, there are three main methods of interaction through which banks can provide services legal entities according to their needs: this is a Bank-client system, Internet client and telephone customer service. Each of these methods has its own positive and negative sides, benefits and risks. Let's take a closer look at these service options.

Features of using the "Bank-Client" system

Initially, the “bank-client” system appeared for remote servicing of legal entities, for whom the mobility of the service is not as important as for private clients. A bank-client is a “thick” system that requires the installation of additional software on the client’s computer, on which the database is maintained. Internet access is only needed to receive/transmit information. This subsystem is positioned both as an independent product and as part of an integrated system and is aimed primarily at medium and large and/or conservative bank clients - legal entities, as well as correspondent banks and bank divisions (branches, departments, exchange offices and so on.).

The tasks that the Bank-client system solves are as follows:

· Delivery and processing of various types of payment and other formalized documents in both directions;

· Exchange messages of any format (with the ability to include files);

· Receive statements in various types and formats, as well as other information from the bank;

· Construction of settlement and clearing systems in real or quasi-real time.

There are the following distinctive features of the system during its operation:

· Support for any communication systems (including TCP/IP protocol), the presence of its own transport subsystem allows you to work on almost any equipment with minimum requirements, usually listed in the operating manual.

· Support for any cryptographic protection systems (including CryptoProCSP, Signal-Com (products: Message Pro crypto library and Notary PRO certification server), Lan Crypto, Verba-OW, Crypto-Si) makes the Bank-client system the most secure (subject to strict compliance installation and operating instructions received from the bank).

· Absolute flexibility of the system: adding/changing input/editing forms and printed forms of documents, screen views, icons, toolbars, input and editing rules, users, menus, connecting directories, rules for their replication, etc.;

·Customize custom life cycle any document and its statuses, adaptation of the status system according to communication and cryptographic protection systems;

· Availability of an in-system domain-oriented programming language - flexibility in setting document control rules, bindings to accounting systems, ABS and other accounting databases;

· Remote updating of client parts - support for mass implementation of the system;

· Familiar and convenient Windows interface.

The form and appearance of the client’s workplace (including the on-screen “menu”) are created in the bank. The client receives a ready-made workstation, which he can change within the powers specified by the bank. The client's work is limited only to entering documents and, if necessary, importing and exporting data with accounting programs, as well as viewing messages received from the bank.

Import/export of data can be carried out by built-in or external procedures in any format. Import is carried out with simultaneous control of the imported data (for example, bank details and account key). Different clients may have different menus, as well as different directories, templates and databases, which are automatically replicated by the system. The number, relationship and type of directories are configured in the bank using the same “Form Builder” as visual forms, and each client can have any number of individual directories.

The installation of the system is implemented in the form of three parts - the installer of the banking part, the generator of the client part in the bank and the installer of the client part at the client, which deploys the client place prepared in the bank. Convenience and reliability of installation are also guaranteed by the fact that the RBS BS-Client, communication system and cryptographic protection are configured in one cycle.

The system has its own transport subsystem, represented by the core of the subsystem and an arbitrary set of customizable gateways that implement one or another method of communication. The standard delivery includes TCP/IP, file, E-Mail (POP3, SMTP) gateways. The gateway is presented as an external module *. dll, which imports and exports packages of information. Thus, any external communication system is described by its gateway and is easily integrated into the Bank-client system.

The main provisions on the basis of which the transport system was developed are:

1. Multithreading - both the transport core and the gateway support working with an arbitrarily configurable number of information streams. For example, a TCP/IP gateway allows you to simultaneously serve any number of clients, limited only by the communication channel bandwidth and hardware resources;

2. Transport kernel support general rules work for each connected gateway, for example, automatic splitting of a large packet for some types of email;

3. Simultaneous use of an arbitrary number of gateways. In this way, clients are supported through various communication channels, the existence of backup channels, etc.;

4. Archiving of all incoming and outgoing packets for each gateway, providing deep logging and auditing of all events in the external document flow system, to achieve absolute legal significance;

5. Sign of “on-line” gateways. In the case of TCP/IP, this sign is maximum (the client receives a receipt about the correct receipt or even processing of the document by the bank in the same communication session); in the case of an off-line communication system (for example, e-mail), this sign is minimal. Any intermediate variants of this feature are possible. Document statuses are configured according to the “online” attribute, which allows you to build the most complete and clear system of statuses for the client with an arbitrary communication system.

There is a certain group of data used by all participants in the remote banking system. This data must be maintained in the same state for each participant in order to eliminate possible conflicts due to data mismatches. At large quantities participants and data, this task becomes difficult to solve without a special mechanism to ensure that all participants maintain copies of data in the same state. RBS BS-Client has a built-in replication subsystem for these purposes.

When the builder creates a directory, the system asks whether to replicate the directory and to which clients - different clients may have different directories, different templates and query bases, different systems communications and cryptographic protection. In the database of each replicated directory, three service fields are automatically created - a unique record number, a record sign - changed, deleted or added, and the date of the last update.

Let's consider the bank directory as a special case of the general approach. We can change it manually at the bank, and also, as necessary, check it using a standard procedure with a reference book supplied by the Central Bank or existing in the ABS. In this case, the procedure will assign the corresponding statuses to the records in the service field. At a time determined by the RBS Server settings, a system procedure is launched that prepares and sends requests to specified clients to change individual directory entries according to service fields. The mail statuses of these requests are visible in the same way as for other documents, which allows the bank to visually control the replication process (although, in normal cases, the process occurs completely automatically and does not need monitoring).

When connecting to the bank, the client automatically receives commands - tasks to change directories, which are processed completely unnoticed by the client. The history of these replications is stored by the client and can be “brought up” if necessary.

This mechanism can be used to automatically inform clients about exchange rates, securities quotes, etc. and does not require any effort not only from clients (they see only the result of the procedures - a changed directory), but also from the bank (by changing the corporate directory as an intra-bank one - manually or by an external procedure - we get automatic and visual replication to the necessary clients).

An important mechanism of remote banking is remote updating of the client’s workstation. This mechanism allows you to make changes to the technology on the fly, regardless of the number and territorial distance of clients. The Bank-client system allows for corporate system updates (of any complexity, including changing screen forms, database structure, conversion, adding a new directory or document) fully automatically and unnoticed by clients (clients have updates immediately after receiving mail from the bank) using additional subsystem "Corporate base". Thus, the following are carried out:

1. Automatic changes to database structures, viewing settings, filters and sorts, as well as import and export. When the composition or name of structures changes, the client database is automatically converted;

2. Automatic change of screen and printed forms;

3. Automatic change of client site parameters in accordance with specified conditions (remote administration);

4. Automatic change of executable modules and dynamic libraries of the RBS BS-Client system.

All data sent to clients for replication and updating is signed and encrypted by the bank. It is also possible (personally for each client) to be divided into packages of any size, while the system itself controls the integrity of all information arriving to the client. It should be noted that the directory replication subsystem is built into the core of the system, while the "Corporate Database" subsystem serves only for automatic remote updating and administration of client locations for tasks from the bank and is supplied separately.

The standard operating diagram of the "Client - Bank" system is presented in Figure 1.

Fig.1. Scheme of operation of the "Client - Bank" system.

In order to gain access to the "Client - Bank" system, you must have a computer, a printer and a modem with a telephone line (without assigning a separate number) or a computer connected to the Internet; as a rule, to install the program you do not need to purchase heavy-duty workstations, it will do ordinary office computer.

In any bank, in order to conclude an agreement on remote banking services through the “Client - Bank” system and receive a distribution kit for it, you will need to come to the bank’s client department and submit an application for installing the “Client - Bank” system and conclude an agreement for its maintenance. The contract provides information about the specialist who has the right to maintain financial documents and the right to impose electronic signature, this can be either an accountant or a director, or simply an accounting employee with the right to dispose in cash on the current account.

Depending on the terms of the agreement, the time the bank works with the organization may not be limited to the end of the working day at the bank - 16-30 - 18.00, but such conditions, as a rule, are rare and relate to large clients VIP categories. But even if the organization is not VIP client, payments are still sent 24 hours a day, and if for some reason the payment arrived after the end of the working day, it will be executed the next morning trading day.

If all the terms of the agreement are satisfied by the client, then after signing it, within 7-14 working days, a bank specialist will install the required software in the client’s office and teach how to use it. As a rule, this service is provided on a paid basis. The cost of the system installation service varies from 100 rubles to 4,000 rubles - depending on the volume and timing of the order, as well as on the characteristics of the individual approach. Or the client himself receives the software from the bank and independently installs it at his workplace - if he is confident that he can handle it.

Most often, installation does not cause problems for bank clients, especially if the organization has an IT specialist on staff, and do not forget that the bank always has a technical support service, where the client can always provide qualified assistance. The cost of the service itself, excluding installation by a bank specialist, ranges from 1,500 to 5,000 rubles. average price monthly maintenance - 700 rubles.

A percentage of the cost of each payment is added to the cost of the service fixed in the terms of the contract, or it is a fixed amount that is taken from each payment after the end of the business day. To pay for the service monthly, you do not need a payment order: payment is made by direct debit from the current account.

Modern systems"Client - Bank" offers users the following opportunities to work with the program:

Simple, intuitive interface. Screen forms are as close as possible to conventional printed forms. Creating a new document takes less than 1 minute;

Powerful document verification mechanism. Checking the correctness of filling out documents is carried out already when entering the document. If errors were made when filling out payment documents, the client will receive a message about this within a few minutes. At the same time, a wide range of details are checked.

Directories of correspondents, beneficiaries, BICs, SWIFT codes, exchange rates, codes budget classification and other details budget payments, species codes foreign exchange transactions, reasons for refusal to accept. The data in these directories is always up to date, and their updates are automatically sent to all Clients.

Wide range of document types. The "Client - Bank" system is implemented taking into account all the requirements of the Bank of Russia and allows to corporative clients send the following financial documents to the bank:

payment order;

payment request;

collection order;

letter of credit;

statement of refusal of acceptance;

cash application;

application for currency transfer;

order to purchase currency;

order to sell currency;

an order for the obligatory sale of currency;

currency conversion order;

application for opening an import letter of credit;

application for the issuance of cash currency;

certificate of currency transactions;

account statement for any period;

balance sheet for any period;

payment request issued to the client;

Most Client-Bank systems have a built-in mechanism for automatically updating client software. Versions are being finalized taking into account the regulations of the Bank of Russia, the requirements of the bank and the wishes of clients.

Providing consultations. There is detailed documentation for the “Client - Bank” system, and bank specialists are always ready to provide the necessary advice.

To fully automate the organization's activities, most "Bank - Clients" have the ability to import and export documents with external accounting programs. This solution undoubtedly makes life easier for the organization’s accountant, since all records, transactions and other accounting materials have been underway for a long time in electronic format using specialized programs. But in most cases, data exchange is configured for “Client - Banks” only with the “1C: Accounting” program; if the client uses any other program for accounting, it is assumed that the data exchange will be configured by the organization’s employees independently. This is due to the fact that organizations often develop their own or buy accounting programs taking into account the specifics of their activities, and they differ somewhat from the standard ones.

Studying the lecture materials will allow you to:

· get an idea of the purpose and functions of the “Client-Bank” system;

· present the general operating scheme information technology"Client-Bank" systems;

· become familiar with the technology for preparing payment documents to form an information base and subsequently transmit data via modem;

· understand the specifics of implementation technological operations client when interacting with the bank via modem connection.

1. Main functions of the “Client-Bank” system.

2. Functional structure of the client-bank system

3. Entering and editing payment documents.

4. Implementation of the client-bank system.

Main functions of the “Client-Bank” system

The basis of the software and technology complex “Client-Bank” is software“Client”, which implements the following essential functions:

· formation of a database of client payment orders and its automatic modification based on information received from the bank;

· carrying out modem communication between the client and the bank for the purpose of transmitting payment orders (hereinafter referred to as PP) for debiting from the client’s account, receiving statements from the bank’s personal account, receiving payment documents on crediting amounts to the client’s account (credit PP), obtaining current information about the status the client’s personal account or debit PP of interest to him;

· use of modem communication for receiving and transmitting information messages and files between the client and the bank;

· formation and use of a database of archival payment documents for the purpose of searching and printing one document or group of documents in accordance with the characteristics and conditions of interest to the client.

The information transmitted to the bank by the client, on the basis of which the banking system prepares information on the account (or accounts), is called a “request to the bank,” and a text message to the user that does not require a response is called a “message.”

Functional structure of the client-bank system

When logging into the “Client-Bank” system (Table 7.1), the user is asked to select the date for which payment orders will be entered in the monthly calendar displayed on the screen.

Table 7.1 Functional structure of the “Client-Bank” system

Main menu (I level)	Level II menu
Search and print	Formation of a database of payment orders Search and selection of documents for sending Preparation of data for sending
Signatures	Entering signatures into documents Generating messages for sending to the bank (payment orders, their files)
Bank	Viewing catalogs of documents, files received by the bank Processing protocols, messages, signatures, etc. Formation of protocols for receipt of documents
Reception	Processing and generation of statements Receipt of mail to the bank via modem Receipt of mail from the bank via modem
Archive	Registration of received information Formation of data for transfer to the archive Working with the archive
Information compression	Encryption and decryption of messages for transmission via modem
Modem	Initializing the modem Connecting to the network and sending messages Receiving documents from the bank

After this, the user is taken to the “Main Database” table (Table 7.2).

This is a database of debit payment orders that you can view, print (if necessary) payment orders sent to the bank, edit or delete orders not sent to the bank, and enter new ones.

Table 7.2 Main base

Table columns: “Document number”, “ total amount", "MFO of the recipient bank" and "Correspondent account of the recipient bank" do not require additional comments. The “Status” column shows at what stage of processing the document is. These stages may be:

0 – generation of a new document that has not yet been sent to the bank;

1 – the document is signed and included in the generated file for sending to the bank;

2 – the document is recognized by the bank as satisfactory and accepted for execution (analogous to the bank’s acceptance stamp), of which the client is notified by the appearance of the number “2”, this occurs only after receipt from the bank and processing of the protocol, which is a response to the file of payment orders sent to the bank, including and this document;

3 – based on the processing of the document, a change has already been made in the client’s personal account, of which the client is notified by the appearance of the number “3” after receiving from the bank and processing a statement containing a line with the same document number, with the same amount and posting date;

4 – the document is not accepted by the bank due to incorrect execution or the occurrence of a “red balance” on the client’s current account, of which the client is notified by the appearance of this Number (as well as number 2) after processing the protocol received from the bank.

Thus, status changes are made by the system when receiving and processing relevant information from the bank. General scheme functioning of the system, reflecting the interaction information bases client, modem connection and bank, is shown in Fig. 7.1.

Fig. 7.1 – Functional diagram of the “Client-Bank” system

The bank client system performs the following functions. Automated system "Bank-client": pros and cons. Three advantages of the Client-Bank system

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