Investments for the economy can be compared to food for a living organism: in order for it to grow, nutrition must be high in calories, regular and sufficient to ensure its normal development. If there is a lack of food, the body stops growing, and if there is no food, it gradually dies. The same applies to investments for the economy - for it to develop dynamically, a constant influx is needed Money.
Its sources can also be institutional investors (companies, professional activity which is the accumulation of funds and their profitable investment for clients), both domestic and foreign, and the citizens themselves who decide to start a business and use personal savings for this. All the so-called “economic miracles” in the world were based on effective investment policy.
In April of this year, it became known that three investment projects in Karachay-Cherkessia will receive state support for their implementation within the framework of the subprogram of the State Development Program of the North Caucasus Federal District until 2025.
The correspondent of NIA Kavkaz talks with the Minister about this and other issues of economic development of the republic economic development KCR Aliy Nakokhov.
First, the minister outlined the mechanism for financing these projects, which will be implemented under a public-private partnership scheme. Its essence is as follows: the state, represented by in this case, Development Corporation of Karachay-Cherkessia, contributes its share to the capital of the enterprises being created - 500 million rubles. One percent, 13.8 million rubles, is contributed by the government of the republic. The remaining 59 percent is the contribution of the private investor, the initiator of the project. Half a billion rubles for these projects have already been received from the Federal Center, the republic’s share is included in the republican budget, the investor is ready to contribute their share. “What remains is a purely technical procedure for the additional capitalization of our development corporation and we can assume that financial basis created for the implementation of projects,” says my interlocutor.
Let's move on to the projects themselves. We start with the Agro-Industrial Park, which will be in one of the new residential areas of Cherkessk.
How will it actually differ from an ordinary large food market and why will it be profitable for agricultural producers to sell their products here?
Aliy began by stating the fact that today a local farmer has two ways to sell the crop he has grown. The first is to take it to the nearest highway and stand at the counter all day long, waiting for customers. The second is to give it to the store at a wholesale price. Moreover, this price will barely cover his costs, and he will receive money from the store only after the goods are fully sold, and even then, as a rule, with a delay. The agro-industrial park will provide the manufacturer with trading place(750 pavilions), a storage room for products, a refrigerator (or freezer), opportunities for pre-sale preparation (washing products, sorting, packaging, etc.), a place to stay (a hotel with 540 beds). A similar park has been created and is successfully operating in Kazan. “But we decided to go further. “It’s the 21st century, a person receives most of the information from the Internet and with its help he increasingly purchases goods,” the minister continues the story. “And in our agro-industrial park he will be able to do this: buy the products he needs by placing an order through the World Wide Web.”
It's more or less clear with the buyer. Why will an agro-industrial park be attractive to a seller? Will he consider the above benefits too costly for himself?
Selling on the roads, Aliy agreed with me, will cost him less. But the lead time for selling products will also be long. Selling through stores is not a cheap pleasure. “Going into a store costs money, putting goods on a shelf costs money. And the better the shelf, the more expensive it will cost him. In the agro-industrial park, he will pay much less,” the minister believes.
How much less? This, according to the minister, can only be said after the facility is put into operation. But what is less, my interlocutor guarantees. However, if an entrepreneur wants to go to retail chains, paying for it is his risks, this is his conscious decision. “One of the objectives of the project is to provide the entrepreneur with the opportunity to choose between various options sales of the products he produced,” the interlocutor concludes his story about the first of the investment projects.
Dombay. This word is well known to those who practiced alpine skiing back in the days Soviet Union. Now Arkhyz is on the rise in the republic - trails are being laid, ski lifts and hotels are being built. This is a new, ultra-modern ski resort, in no way inferior to European ones in terms of equipment and service. Here, even on horizontal terrain, vacationers have the opportunity to move along a moving path - a travelator.
Why did the republic again turn its attention to Dombay?
“An investor appeared who wanted to invest his money in Dombay. We just decided to support him. The project is divided into two years. This year we, or rather the investor, plans to build a hotel with 75 rooms, and next year a cable car with a capacity of 2,400 people per hour. In December last year, there were questions about the project from the Russian Ministry of Caucasus. We took into account all the comments, worked out the issue with the “Resorts of the North Caucasus”, and received their support.”
Do these two republican resorts compete with each other?
The minister believes not: “Dombay is Dombay, the pearl of the North Caucasus, a resort with history. Dombay is a slightly different ski tourism destination than in Arkhyz. Different slopes, different heights, different atmosphere, different aura. This is a resort for different age categories of vacationers, with different levels of skiing skills. There is a greater variety of trails here, more “black” trails for extreme sports enthusiasts. Over the many years of its existence, Dombay has formed a large group of admirers and admirers. However, there are tourists who love to explore new areas, new mountains. Having two resorts will allow us to accommodate both.”
The third project is intensive orchards. How is it going?
“By the end of April, trellises will be placed on the first 40 hectares of land allocated for the project, seedlings will be planted in May, and an anti-hail net will be installed by the end of June. In autumn, seedlings will appear on another 120 hectares. They have already been purchased in Italy and are now stored in the refrigerator. Issues with water supply and protection of the plantation have been resolved. After reaching their designed capacity, the orchards will produce a harvest of 8.2 thousand tons of apples per year, cherries - 195 tons, plums - 566 tons.”
What is the expected economic effect of three projects: growth in employment, trade turnover, budget revenues and off-budget funds?
If we talk about the economics of projects, the figures are as follows: the total volume of investments in projects will amount to almost 2.8 billion rubles, the amount tax payments to all levels of budgets for the first 5 years will amount to more than 2.1 billion rubles, to extra-budgetary funds - more than 120.0 million rubles. It is planned to create 232 new jobs, of which 173 are highly productive.
Who is he, an investor investing money in the republic’s economy today? Your own, republican, Russian, foreign?
“Everyone you named is present. For example, foreign companies. In Sochi, we entered into an agreement with Bom Group, a Dutch company specializing in the implementation of turnkey greenhouse projects. They are entering the republic this year and will act as co-investors in a large project to grow tomatoes and cucumbers indoors.”
Aren’t you afraid of overstocking the North Caucasian vegetable market? In April, agreements were signed in Azerbaijan on the construction of greenhouse complexes in the Stavropol Territory and the Republic of Dagestan.
“Today we have a very large shortage of vegetables. Even if three greenhouse complexes are built in each subject of the North Caucasian Federal District, we will not create competition for each other. The products of our greenhouse complex will be focused on the domestic republican market.”
Let's return to the investor. Is there one in the republic?
Aliy cites the Selena company as an example. “They want to launch a line for the production of spunbond (spunbond is a technology for producing nonwoven material from melted polymer using a spunbond method. Often the term “spunbond” also refers to material produced using spunbond technology - editor’s note). This is the material from which the surgeon’s equipment is made: gown, cap, shoe covers. Today, 80 percent of the need for it in Russia is covered by imports. This is a very, so to speak, “cool” project. This includes import substitution and a contribution to the development of medicine. Plus “Selena” wants to produce not separate gowns, caps, masks, gloves, etc., but the entire suit of the same surgeon as a set, in a case. Plus, the company produces popular household products: blankets, pillows. They had a supply agreement with IKEA and Perekrestok. We will offer their project for state support next year.”
Talking about local investor, development local business We have come to the topic of the creation and functioning of the Republican Entrepreneurship Support Center.
“Last year we sent an application to Moscow to create a Center, our proposal received support and funds were allocated for its implementation. What is the Entrepreneurship Support Center? Today, just to get the information he needs, an entrepreneur needs to go through many ministries and departments. At the Center he will be able to get advice on almost any issue that interests him: opening/closing legal entity, optimization tax burden and others. Under the roof of the Center, in one place, we want to bring together all the institutions for the support and development of small and medium-sized businesses: the guarantee fund, the microfinance fund, the MFC for business. The Microfinance Fund has existed since 2010, its capitalization is 70 million rubles, with the help of these funds we can finance projects of small and medium-sized businesses. The guarantee fund is the same financial support for entrepreneurs, only in the form of guarantees. In addition to consultations, the Center will conduct business trainings and lectures for entrepreneurs.”
At the end of the conversation, Aliy Nakokhov shared his ambitious plans: “I have high hopes for the Center. With his help, I want to begin to cultivate a new format of entrepreneur in the republic, a competent entrepreneur who will not look at the state solely as a cash cow and expect money from it for his business. The state should only create comfortable conditions for doing business; the new type of businessman must solve all other problems himself. The task set before our ministry by the Head of the Republic Rashid Temrezov is to help businesses in every possible way in solving these problems.”
09/03/2019 A meeting of the Ministry of Finance commission on compliance with the requirements for official conduct of state civil servants and the resolution of conflicts of interest was held.04.09.2019 Ministry of Finance We ask you to take part in the survey on financial literacy. This will not take much time, and your answers will be used in aggregate form.
04.09.2019 Ministry of Finance Agricultural enterprises of Karachay-Cherkessia have completed harvesting grain crops. The volume of the harvest remained virtually unchanged compared to last year.
The annual international investment forum AgroYug (September 18, Stavropol) is a professional platform for the development of the agro-industrial complex in the North Caucasian Federal District and Southern Federal District, which will bring together over 300 heads of agricultural holdings, farms,
29.08.2019 Retail and wholesale trade decreased in the first half of this year.
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08/29/2019 Communist Party of the Russian Federation
Meeting on the issue of equipping agricultural producers in the region with agricultural machinery/
In the Adyga-Khablsky municipal district, a visiting meeting was held on the issues of equipping agricultural producers in the region with agricultural machinery, purchasing equipment through leasing,19.08.2019 Ministry of Agriculture of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic
Over the past few years, Karachay-Cherkessia has been characterized by positive dynamics in the main areas of socio-economic development. Over the past three years, economic development and social sphere The Karachay-Cherkess Republic invested 61.7 billion rubles, of which about 50% were extra-budgetary. In the structure of GRP, investments account for about 30%. According to this indicator, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic is in 75th place among the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2016, and in 7th place among the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District. In the first quarter of 2017, investments in fixed assets increased by 1.6 times compared to the same period of the previous year.
State investments provided for in the republican budget of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic are aimed at the construction of educational, healthcare, physical education and sports facilities, transport, utility and housing construction.
In order to increase investment potential in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, measures are being taken to improve the legislation of the republic in investment sphere, improving the infrastructural working conditions for investors, optimizing administrative procedures and improving the quality of provision of state and municipal services, as well as presenting the investment potential of the republic at various platforms: economic and investment forums, print and electronic media.
Measures are being implemented to introduce the best practices of the National Condition Rating in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic investment climate subjects of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the National Rating). A “road map” for implementing the best practices of the National rating was developed and approved by the Chairman of the Government of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, created Working group on the formation, implementation and coordination of the implementation of the action plan (“road map”) for the implementation of the best practices of the National rating.
As part of the National Rating activities, various administrative procedures are also being optimized, the time frame for providing state and municipal services is being reduced, the number of procedures required to obtain services and the list of documents provided are being reduced.
The republic is implementing 21 investment projects, affecting all areas economic activity on total amount 58.0 billion rubles, including investment projects:
- to create an all-season tourist and recreational complex "Arkhyz". In the future, it will be a world-class resort, aimed at receiving up to 500 thousand tourists a year. In 2016, the Arkhyz complex was visited by more than 200 thousand people;
- to create a full-cycle enterprise for processing wool and producing products from it using innovative technologies of Quest-A LLC. When reaching its design capacity, the enterprise will produce 2 thousand tons of products per year;
- for the construction of a dry cement production line with an increase in capacity to 6.2 thousand tons of clinker per day of Kavkazcement CJSC of the Eurocementgroup holding;
- on technical re-equipment and modernization of equipment with expansion of the range of products based on gypsum binder, sold by one of the industry leaders - the Khabez Gypsum Plant;
- for the construction of a selection and seed-growing center with a capacity of 10 thousand tons of seeds per year, the largest agricultural producer in the republic is Hammer Firm LLC;
- for the establishment of an intensive garden on an area of 263 hectares - implemented by LLC "Gardens of Karachay-Cherkessia";
A number of projects aimed at further development economy of the region, protecting it from import dependence, is being prepared for implementation in the near future. Main projects:
- for the construction of a mining and metallurgical plant at a tungsten deposit with the production of the finished product - tungsten trioxide in ammonium paratungstate. The commissioning of the Kti-Teberda tungsten deposit will provide raw materials to enterprises using high-strength and heat-resistant alloys not only in the North Caucasus Federal District, but also beyond its borders;
- on the reconstruction of greenhouses with the transfer to new intensive technologies for growing vegetables in closed ground at the largest agricultural complex in Europe "Yuzhny".
It is planned to revive semi-fine wool sheep breeding on the territory of the republic with the formation of a basic broodstock of 50 thousand heads based on Soviet and North Caucasian meat and wool breeds, as well as a number of other projects aimed at the sustainable development of the economy of Karachay-Cherkessia, increasing employment of the population of the republic and increasing the level of his well-being.
In 2016, 3 investment projects totaling more than 7.5 billion rubles were submitted for participation in the annual public competition “Regions - Sustainable Development”, held with the participation of PJSC Sberbank Russia, 2 projects worth about 600.0 million rubles won the competition. These are projects such as Nal LLC and Stroydom LLC.
In addition, in order to create favorable conditions for attracting investments in the republic, the First Investment Forum of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic (hereinafter referred to as the Forum) was held on August 24, 2017.
During the event, an appeal from the Head of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic with an Investment Message was announced.
The main topics of the Forum are the definition of investment-attractive conditions in various fields economy, improving public-private partnership mechanisms and implementing new investment projects using various support tools.
Development institutions are successfully functioning in the republic investment activities. JSC “Development Corporation of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic” has become a significant instrument for cooperation with investors, which provides a “one-stop shop” mode of operation and preparation of investment sites for the implementation of private projects, consulting support for investors, project support, provision of services to subjects of investment activities related to the preparation of documents and the implementation of investment projects. In addition, the KCR Investment Portal allows you to remotely access necessary information about the region, submit documents and conclude an agreement for participation in the free economic zone, can be used to search for investment sites and review investment proposals KCR.
Much attention is paid to the development and support of small and medium-sized businesses. Implemented on a systematic basis public policy aimed at further development of entrepreneurship, creation and preservation of jobs.
Main priority areas development of entrepreneurship in the republic are Agriculture, tourism, industrial and manufacturing.
To create favorable conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, the Government of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic is adopting programs to support small and medium-sized businesses. The Republic annually participates in the competitive selection of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, whose budgets are provided with subsidies federal budget to support small and medium-sized businesses, carried out by the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia.
Since 2011, the following activities of the republican target programs have been implemented:
- subsidizing part interest rate for loans received for the implementation of investment projects;
- support for equipment leasing programs;
- support for existing innovative companies;
- creation of infrastructure to support small and medium-sized businesses.
240.8 million rubles were allocated for the implementation of these measures, including federal budget funds amounting to 197 million rubles, republican budget funds - 43.8 million rubles. Direct financial support was provided to 189 small and medium-sized businesses of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.
In order to facilitate lending to small and medium-sized businesses, organizations have been created in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic that form the infrastructure for supporting small and medium-sized businesses:
Karachay-Cherkess Republican State Unitary Enterprise “Guarantee Fund for Support of Entrepreneurship of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic” (hereinafter referred to as the Guarantee Fund);
Autonomous institution of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic "Microcredit company for the support of small and medium-sized businesses of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic" (hereinafter referred to as the Microcredit company).
An autonomous establishment of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic “Entrepreneurship Support Center of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic” (hereinafter referred to as the Center).
The center will implement the concept of integrity and accessibility of the infrastructure of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic through the implementation of the principles of “single window” and “single information field”.
The created Center will increase the contribution of small and medium-sized businesses to the economy of the republic, increase employment of the population, and reduce social tension.
Also, as part of the Subprogram, in the 1st half of 2017, the capitalization of the Microcredit Company was increased by 19.5 million rubles.
For the period 2014-2016. within the framework of the implementation of the subprogram “Fulfillment of state obligations to provide housing for categories of citizens established federal legislation» federal target program “Housing” for 2015-2020, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic issued 18 state housing certificates, the size of the issued social payments amounted to 32916.8 thousand rubles.
A general indicator of regional development is the gross regional product (GRP). If in 2013 the structure of GRP was dominated by industrial production, the share of which was more than 25%, then already in 2014-2015 the structure of GRP was dominated by agriculture, which historically is the basis of the region’s economy with a share of 25.0%. The share of industry is about 19%, trade and services - about 9.0% and construction - 8.0%.
The volume of GRP in 2015 amounted to 67.4 billion rubles, with a physical volume index of 95.1% by 2014. The share of GRP of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic among the republics of the North Caucasus Federal District was 4.0%. The ratio of investment volume to GRP at the end of 2015 was 29.2%.
Among the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2015, in terms of GRP, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic is in 78th place, among the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District - in 6th place.
In 2014, due to manifestations economic crisis, as well as the sanctions imposed against the Russian Federation, the agricultural production index decreased by 4.5 percentage points. Since 2015, positive trends in agricultural production have become noticeable due to measures taken by the Government of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic to provide state support for agricultural producers. As a result, at the end of 2015, the volume of agricultural production amounted to 30.5 billion rubles with a production index of 101.7% compared to 2014.
The positive dynamics continued in 2016; the volume of agricultural production in 2016 amounted to about 32.3 billion rubles. with a production index of 100.9% compared to 2015.
For development industrial complex republic, the economic situation of the last period also had a negative impact.
The decrease in the growth rate of industrial production in 2013 -2014 to 89.8% - 79.2%, respectively, was due to a decrease in demand for manufactured products.
The ongoing anti-crisis measures and the implementation of the import substitution program contributed to the stabilization economic situation in the republic. As a result, at the end of 2015, the industrial production index amounted to 102.0%.
In 2016, as a result of a reduction in output in mining and in the production and distribution of electricity, gas and water, where production indices amounted to 99.0% and 88.8%, respectively, industrial production decreased by 3.5% compared to 2015. .
But already in January-April 2017, there was a positive dynamics of development, growth amounted to 113.0% compared to the corresponding period last year due to an increase in output in manufacturing industries by 16.2%, in mining by 4.0%, in supply electrical energy, gas and steam; air conditioning by 10.0% and water supply; water disposal, organization of waste collection and disposal, pollution elimination activities by 1.5% compared to the level of January-April 2016, respectively, which gives reason to talk about the emerging trend of improving the situation as a whole.
The construction industry in the republic is developing quite dynamically, in which positive dynamics have been ensured for a number of years. In 2015-2016 The performance indicators of the industry were affected by the crisis, resulting in a decrease in the volume of work. At the same time, already in January-April 2017, there was an increase in the volume of work performed in the “construction” type of activity by 1.7 times due to the disbursement of funds for projects being built on the territory of the republic: the construction of an oncology clinic, the construction of a republican multidisciplinary children’s hospital and clinics in Cherkessk.
Improving the quality of life of the population is the main goal of implementing the Strategy for Socio-Economic Development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. Karachay-Cherkessia took 79th place in the ranking of regions of the Russian Federation in terms of quality of life, improving its position compared to 2015 (83rd place). The main indicators of the quality of life of the population are the average per capita income of the population and the average monthly accrued wage, the growth of which in 2016 compared to 2013 was 115.5% and 120.2%, respectively.
The average per capita income of the population of the republic in 2016 amounted to 16,937.0 rubles, the average monthly salary increased by 4.4% compared to the level of 2015 and amounted to 21,465.0 rubles. This trend continues in this year. Thus, in the first quarter of 2017, cash income per capita increased by 1.9%, a 6.2% increase in average monthly wages was ensured, primarily due to the indexation of wages in the public sector as part of the implementation of Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation V. IN. Putin 2012.
Over the course of a number of years, positive dynamics in indicators in the sphere of income and employment have been maintained. But, along with this, average per capita income population and average monthly wages, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic is in 82nd place among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2016, and in 6th place among the constituent entities of the North Caucasus Federal District.
In 2016, the number of registered unemployed decreased by 4.2% compared to 2014. By the end of April 2017, the number of unemployed people registered with the employment service decreased by 16.3% compared to the corresponding period in 2016 and amounted to 3.7 thousand. Human.
Over the years, the life expectancy of the republic’s residents has been increasing, amounting to 74.7 years in 2016. According to this indicator, Karachay-Cherkessia entered the group of regions with the highest life expectancy, taking 7th place among the subjects of the Russian Federation and 5th place among the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District.
The reforms carried out in the social field have had a positive impact on demographic situation. The republic ensures natural growth due to the excess of the number of births over deaths. In 2016, natural population growth increased (+1182 people), which allowed it to take 26th place in the ranking among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (7th place in the North Caucasus Federal District). The positive trend of this indicator continues this year.
The Karachay-Cherkess Republic is a subject of the Russian Federation, located in the extreme south of the European part of Russia and is part of the North Caucasus Federal District. The southern border of the republic coincides with the state border of the Russian Federation with the Republic of Georgia, in the west with the Krasnodar Territory, in the north - with Stavropol Territory and in the east with the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The area of the territory is 14.273 thousand km2 and occupies dimensions from north to south - 144 km and from west to east - 160 km. Most of the territory of the republic is occupied by mountains (about 80%). On the border with the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is the highest peak of the Caucasus - Mount Elbrus (5642 m). The republic's topography is very diverse. All surface points lie above 400 meters above sea level, constantly rising to the south and southeast. Based on the nature of the surface, three zones are distinguished: mountainous, foothill, and flat.
The climate features of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic are determined by its geographical location, the proximity of the Black and Caspian seas, and the diversity of the relief. A system of parallel ridges of a pan-Caucasian strike and their northern spurs, stretching in the meridional direction, divide the territory into many regions with a specific local climate and create a clearly defined climatic zonation. In general, the climate of the republic is temperate continental.
The population of the republic is 428.706 thousand people, including urban – 188.559 thousand people (44%), rural – 240.147 thousand people (56%). The average population density is 30.5 people. per one square kilometer. Minerals The main minerals are coal, lead, zinc, copper, surin, limestone, andesite, granite and marble.
Administratively, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic consists of 9 municipal districts, 2 cities, 5 urban-type settlements, 82 rural municipalities, 139 rural settlements.
The working population is 251.5 thousand people, children under 16 years old are 94.2 thousand people. There are 77.0 thousand school students, 117.1 thousand pensioners. Population density 30.5 people. per one square kilometer.
The capital of the republic is Cherkessk, population 116.9 thousand people, urban area 66.7 sq. km, population density up to 4030 people per sq. km. The city of Karachaevsk is of republican subordination, population 30.1 thousand people, urban area 22.5 sq. km. Population density 2000 people. per sq. km.
Passes through the territory of the republic Railway Nevinnomyssk-Dzheguta with a length of 73 km, related to the North Caucasus Railway and having five stations: Cherkessk, Ust-Dzheguta, Erken-Shakhar, Abazinka, Urakovskaya. Road transport is the main mode of communication and cargo transportation. The federal highway passes through the territory of the republic. highway: Nevinnomyssk - Cherkessk (access to the city of Cherkessk), other federal roads: Lermontov - Cherkessk,: Cherkessk - Dombay, access to the Arkhyz International Center, access to the border with Georgia, access to the SAO RAS. There are 16 gas distribution stations on the territory of the republic. All of them are located no closer than 500 m from populated areas. There are no air transportation lines and, accordingly, airports in the republic. For the needs of the republic, the airports of Mineralnye Vody and Stavropol, Stavropol Territory, are used. There is no water transport in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.
The Karachay-Cherkess Republic is an industrial-agrarian region of the Russian Federation. In the volume of gross domestic product, industrial products occupy 40%, agricultural products 60%. The number of operating enterprises is 575 (46% of the total), of which 59 are medium and large. The predominant share of products is produced by large and medium enterprises. Currently, the economy of the republic is an established diversified complex that corresponds to the natural, climatic and demographic conditions of the republic.
The following industries are developed on the territory of the republic: industry, agriculture, resort and tourism, mining, production of building materials, sugar. The republic's industry is characterized by the following sectors: electric power, non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical and petrochemical industries, mechanical engineering and metalworking, forestry and woodworking industries, building materials industry, light, food, printing, medical, flour and cereal and feed milling industries.
An important component of the economic potential is the resort and recreational complex, which operates on the basis of medicinal springs and unique natural conditions. The priority directions for the development of the main sectors of the economy are the development of the Dombay - Teberda - Arkhyz tourist complex, the development of deposits of copper concentrate, iron ores, tungsten deposits, the use of local clays, non-metallic materials, and mineral waters. The largest enterprises of the republic: OJSC "ChKhPO", the company "Mercury", OJSC "Kavkazcement", OJSC "Rezinotekhnik", CJSC "Visma", OJSC "Karachaevo-Cherkesskenergo", OJSC "Rosneft - Karachaevo - Cherkessknefteprodukt", JSC "Agroprompticepredpriyatie" Cherkesskoe", CJSC "Karachaevo - Cherkesskgaz", OJSC "Karachaevo - Cherkesskelectrosvyaz", the company "Saturn", the greenhouse plant "Yuzhny", OJSC "Silikatchik", OJSC "Kamos". Analysis of the current situation in the economy and its development trends allows us to highlight the following problems and imbalances:
A significant lag in the development of social infrastructure from the production sector;
Significant differentiation of the regions of the republic at the level of economic and social development, creating economic and social problems;
The irrational structure of the economy, in which the greatest development has been achieved by industries operating on natural raw materials and exporting most of their products outside the republic;
Low-industrial construction and construction that does not correspond to the structure of demand;
An underdeveloped agricultural sector, operating within the framework of ineffective forms of management and not fully using the favorable natural and climatic conditions of the republic;
High proportion of unemployed working population.
Agriculture is represented by: livestock breeding - meat and dairy, sheep breeding (fine and semi-fine wool), horse breeding, poultry farming, beekeeping, plant growing - grain, industrial, vegetable crops and potatoes. In the structure of agricultural products, livestock products make up 51%, crop production 49%.
Development prospects. The republic has enormous potential for the development of the tourism and recreational sector of the republic. We are talking not only about the implementation of a large project for the construction of the all-season mountain resort "Arkhyz", but also other projects in the field of tourism. It is necessary to dynamically develop large resorts of Karachay-Cherkessia, ensure year-round turnover of tourists and an integrated combination various types tourism. According to forecasts, by 2020 resorts, including coastal clusters, will be able to receive up to 10 million tourists a year. Construction of five ski clusters in the North Caucasus in Arkhyz (Karachay-Cherkessia), Matlas (Dagestan), Mamison ( North Ossetia), Lagonaki (Krasnodar Territory - Adygea) and on Elbrus (Kabardino-Balkaria) - one of priority projects federal authorities. The total volume of investments over ten years could amount to more than 450 billion rubles. It is planned to allocate about 60 billion rubles from the budget to the authorized capital of OJSC “Resorts of the North Caucasus”, mainly for infrastructure development.”
Main socio-economic indicatorsKarachay-Cherkess Republic
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GRP volume, billion rubles | |||
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GRP physical volume index, % | |||
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Industrial production index, % | |||
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Including by type of activity: | |||
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Mining production, % | |||
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Manufacturing industries, in% | |||
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Production and distribution of electricity, gas and water, | |||
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Agricultural production, million rubles | |||
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Agricultural production index | |||
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Amount of work performed by type of activity “construction”, million rubles | |||
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in % to the previous year | |||
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Commissioning of residential buildings, thousand sq. m. total area | |||
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in % to the corresponding period of last year | |||
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Investments in fixed assets, million rubles. | |||
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in % to the corresponding period of the previous year | |||
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Consumer price index (inflation), % (December to December) | |||
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Turnover retail, in million rubles | |||
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Retail trade turnover index as a percentage of the previous year | |||
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· Forecast data
information posted earlier
Main trends in socio-economic developmentKarachay-Cherkess Republic in 2013
The activities of the Government of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2013 were focused on achieving goals and objectives aimed at implementing measures to create conditions economic growth, creating a favorable investment climate, supporting and developing priority sectors of the economy, small and medium-sized businesses, directing all types of resources to improve the quality of life of the population of the republic.
The results of 2013 indicate the continuation of positive trends in the republic’s economy. Growth in volumes is observed in the main activities except industrial production.
Among the positive factors, one can note the growth in gross regional product(GRP), agricultural production, increasing the level of investment demand, expanding construction, increasing wages and incomes, reducing the number of officially registered unemployed.
Among the subjects of the North Caucasian Federal District at the end of 2013, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic occupies leading positions in the following areas:
2nd place by the growth rate of the volume of work performed by type of activity “Construction” and housing commissioning (growth of 18.8% and 24.9%, respectively);
3rd place to reduce the number of officially registered unemployed (by 19.1%);
GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT
A general indicator of regional development is the gross regional product (GRP). The volume of GRP in 2012 amounted to 59.5 billion rubles. or 104.7% by 2011. The share of GRP of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in the North Caucasus Federal District was 4.9%.
Per capita GRP in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic amounted to 125.8 thousand rubles (35.8% of the average Russian level and 98.5% of the average level for the North Caucasus Federal District). In the North Caucasian Federal District we are in fourth place in terms of GRP per capita.
In the structure of production of the gross regional product in 2012, industry dominated - 24.4%.
Since, in general, positive trends in the socio-economic development of the republic prevail, this gives reason to predict an increase in GRP in 2013. As expected, at the end of 2013 the volume of GRP will amount to 67.5 billion rubles with an increase of 5.0% compared to 2012.
INDUSTRY
Against the backdrop of stagnation processes Russian economy In the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, there was a slowdown in the growth rate of a number of macroeconomic indicators, and in some areas a decrease compared to the previous period. At the same time, real sector economy of Karachay-Cherkessia is based on the work of industrial enterprises, which provide a significant part of the taxes and fees received in consolidated budget Russian Federation – more than 40%, which makes it possible to fulfill obligations to the population.
At the end of 2013, due to the decline in production in manufacturing industries(by 14.1%), the industrial production index was at the level of 91.2%. The decrease occurred due to a decrease in demand for manufactured products from major consumers, which led to a reduction in production output in manufacturing industries, where the production index amounted to 85.9% compared to the corresponding period in 2012.
The decline was mainly affected by the performance of enterprises in the following types of activities: production of electrical and electronic equipment, where production output decreased by 5.1 times compared to last year, production of rubber and plastic products (by 20.5%).
Despite the decline in the industrial production index in the republic as a whole, in the municipal districts of the republic for large and medium-sized enterprises this indicator has a slight increase: in the Malokarachaevsky district by 11.6%, in the Ust-Dzhegutinsky district - 8.2%, in the Zelenchuksky district - 7.1%.
Enterprises producing machinery and equipment developed at a faster pace - 131.4%, textile and clothing products - 128.2%, chemical production - 121.2%.
In mining and in production and distribution of electricity, gas and water there was an increase in production. Production indices in these industries in 2013 were 107.7% and 101.7%, respectively.
In 2013, the growth in the volume of shipped goods of own production, work and services performed in-house for the types of activities “mining”, “manufacturing” and “production and distribution of electricity, gas and water” amounted to 105.9%, 109.0 % and 107.7% respectively.
The leading positions in the growth of the volume of shipped goods of own production to large and medium-sized enterprises are occupied by Malokarachaevsky, Zelenchuksky, Prikubansky districts (138.8%, 123.6% and 115.5%, respectively).
The republic's industry is being integrated into large companies Russia. An example is Urupsky GOK CJSC, part of the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company (UMMC), the world's largest supplier of non-ferrous metals and long steel, and Kavkazcement OJSC, a holding company of Eurocementgroup OJSC.
New production facilities are being established. The construction of the second stage of the “Factory for processing wool and producing yarn using innovative technologies” LLC “Quest-A” is underway, total cost over 1 billion rubles. There are currently no analogues to this project in Russia.
A new industry is developing - “production Vehicle" on the basis of the private JSC "DerVeys", formed in 2003. This is a dynamically developing enterprise with an established network of dealership centers.
It should be noted that industrial enterprises implementing large innovative projects enjoy benefits on income and property taxes, property guarantees of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic to receive credit funds, which in the past year contributed to the growth of investment in fixed assets in manufacturing industries by 35% compared to the previous year. This allowed enterprises to solve problems of development, reconstruction and modernization of production, increasing energy efficiency, and producing competitive products in demand by the market.
Today, the quality and efficiency of economic development comes to the fore, and the goals outlined in Decree 596 of the President of Russia are of particular relevance. First of all, this concerns increasing the output of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries and increasing labor productivity. It is necessary to accurately represent the prospects of each industrial enterprise and resolve issues of increasing the competitiveness of products produced in the republic. This is especially true in the context of the country's participation in the WTO.
Prospects for the development of the industrial complex of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2014:
§ Ensuring sustainable development of the industry based on investment activities and the implementation of government support measures for enterprises implementing investment projects.
§ Execution of the Address of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly dated December 12, 2013 on the issue integrated development single-industry towns and the implementation of investment projects on their territory, as well as the creation of industrial and technology parks on the territory of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic;
§ "Development car company"Derways" until 2016 - second stage" - gradual development until 2016, the production capacity of AK Derways LLC is up to 100,000 cars per year per shift, based on the existing and additionally constructed production facilities of the AK Derways LLC plant.
AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Second place in the structure of gross regional product production is occupied by Agriculture, hunting and forestry, whose share is 18.4%.
About 60 enterprises, more than three thousand peasant farms, and more than 80 thousand private households are involved in the agro-industrial sector of the republic’s economy.
Last year, about 1.5 billion rubles were allocated to support the agricultural sector, including more than 1.3 billion rubles from the federal budget, of which, according to the programs, 148.8 million rubles were allocated for livestock farming and 33 million for crop production ,1 million rubles. 1.1 billion rubles were allocated for subsidies.
As a result, at the end of 2013, the volume of agricultural products of all agricultural producers amounted to 23.3 billion rubles, with an increase of 104.0% by 2012 (in 2012 - 102.5%).
In the zone special attention There was crop production throughout the year. In 2013 gross receipts grain in farms of all categories increased by 78.7%, sunflower grain by 76.8% compared to 2012.
In the past year, compared to 2012, the gross harvest of corn for grain in the composition of grain and leguminous crops almost doubled (by 95.9%), wheat (winter and spring) - by 1.9 times, oats - by 1, 6 times.
These positive results in the crop production industry were the result of comprehensive government support, which allows production to be carried out based on the introduction of new technologies and equipment, the introduction of scientifically based amounts of mineral fertilizers, and the use of highly productive seed varieties.
The development of the livestock industry not only ensures the balance of agricultural production, but also forms a significant part of the grain sales market sector. In livestock farming, there is an increase in milk production by 1.1%, livestock and poultry production by 0.4%.
A significant contribution to the development of livestock farming in increasing the number of cattle was made by the Khabezsky district and the city of Karachaevsk (an increase of 24.8% and 11.9%, respectively); for meat production (live weight livestock and poultry) - farms in the Kuban and Karachay districts (118.1 and 110.0%%, respectively); for milk production - farms in the Urup and Khabez districts (153.7 and 135.9%%).
The allocation from the federal budget of funds within the framework of departmental target programs in the amount of 76.3 million rubles for the development of beef cattle breeding, 48.3 million rubles for the development of dairy cattle breeding and 25.2 million rubles for the development of rabbit breeding, made it possible to effectively implement the activities of the programs for development of meat and dairy cattle breeding. As a result, agricultural producers of the republic were able to purchase 2 thousand heads of heifers for meat production and 1 thousand. heads of dairy cattle.
As part of measures to repurpose pig farms for breeding alternative types of farm animals, an investment project is being implemented to create one of the first and, in the future, the largest rabbit breeding complex in the country. At the end of 2013, the breeding stock of rabbits amounted to more than 4 thousand heads.
The positive results of the industry confirm the correctness of the decisions that were made in the past year to develop and support the agro-industrial sector.
Prospects for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2014:
§ Development of beef and dairy cattle breeding, with an emphasis on improving the productive qualities of livestock;
§ Development of processing capacities of the logistics network;
§ Development of reclamation of agricultural lands in order to increase fertility and obtain maximum returns per unit of cultivated area;
§ Development of social and engineering infrastructure in rural areas.
INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES
In general, 18.8 billion rubles were used for the development of the economy and social sphere of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2013 investment in fixed capital, which is 100.7% compared to 2012 (in Russia 99.8%).
The main volume of investments (55.8%) in 2013 was aimed at the construction of buildings (except residential) and structures, a little more than a quarter (25.6%) of the investment volume - for the purchase of machinery, equipment, vehicles, 14.2% - for housing construction.
In 2013, financing of completed investments in fixed assets by large and medium-sized enterprises was carried out primarily through borrowed funds, the share of which amounted to 82.6% (in 2012 - 85.1%).
The most important component of the funds raised is still budget financing, mainly the federal budget (56.9%), the share of which in 2013 decreased by 1.2% compared to last year, due to a decrease in the share of financing of the republican budget and local budgets(by 3.4%).
Budget funds capital investments were mainly directed to the implementation of federal targeted investment program and the republican targeted investment program, the main instrument of which were federal target and republican target programs. Budget funds were used to support the social sphere and life support systems, development of territories and infrastructure of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.
Largest volume budget funds used in 2013 for the implementation of the following federal target programs: “Development of the transport system of Russia (2010-2015)” - 1780.1 million rubles, “South of Russia (2008-2013)” - 1204.0 million rubles, “ Increasing the stability of residential buildings, main facilities and life support systems in seismic areas for 2010 - 2013" - 387.8 million rubles, "Preservation and restoration of soil fertility of agricultural lands and agricultural landscapes as a national treasure of Russia for 2006-2010 and for the period until 2013" - 228.6 million rubles, " Social development villages until 2013) - 127.6 million rubles.
An important investment resource for large and medium-sized organizations are other sources of investment (in 2013 - 14.0%), mainly funds from higher-level organizations (13.4%).
The main areas of investment for large and medium-sized organizations in 2013 were such activities as “production and distribution of electricity, gas and water”, “transport and communications”, “manufacturing”, their share in the total investment amounted to 27.6, respectively %, 25.6% and 15.4%.
There was an increase in 2013 compared to the previous year in the volume of investments aimed at the production of rubber and plastic products (by 3.9 rubles), the production of vehicles and equipment (by 3.1 rubles), and the production of other non-metallic mineral products (by 3.1 rubles). 2.0 rubles), hotels and restaurants (168.1%), education (124.0%). At the same time, a decrease in investment activity in the past year compared to 2012 was noted in such industries as real estate transactions, rental and provision of services (by 64.1%), wholesale and retail trade (by 61.7%) agriculture (by 50.0%), mining (by 46.9%), construction (by 40.3%), financial activities(by 35.4%).
To ensure free access to all available information in the field of investment activities, including regulatory legal acts, on the official website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic created special sections“For business (exhibitions and forums)”, “To help investors”, “Regulatory legal acts”.
There are also training programs for the training and retraining of specialists in the relevant field in educational institutions republics.
These measures made it possible to increase the influx of investment into the republic’s economy. In the state program of the Russian Federation “Development of the North Caucasus federal district for the period until 2025" includes 27 investment projects totaling 97.9 billion rubles, as a result of which it is planned to create more than 19 thousand jobs.
In the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, the largest investment project for the construction of the all-season mountain resort “Arkhyz” worth more than 160 billion rubles is being successfully implemented.
In 2012 received a state guarantee of the Russian Federation limit amount 539.0 million rubles is one of the investment projects being implemented in the republic worth 1.1 billion rubles. Another project, worth 1.4 billion rubles, received a state guarantee from the Russian Federation with a maximum amount of 686.0 million rubles in 2013. Systematic work to create favorable conditions for investors in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic continues, including the implementation of the Standard for the activities of executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to ensure a favorable investment climate in the region. In order to implement the “Standard of activities of executive authorities of the subject to ensure a favorable investment climate in the region,” 12 of the 15 requirements of the Standard were introduced in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.
These measures made it possible to create a favorable investment climate in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic and will contribute to the influx of investments, the creation of new industries and, as a result, improving the level and quality of life of all residents of our republic.
Prospects for the development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in the field of investment activity in 2014:
§ In 2014, direct 21.7 billion rubles of investment in fixed capital from all sources of financing for the development of the economy and social sphere of the republic, which will amount to 110.0% compared to the level of 2013.
§ At the expense of budgetary funds within the framework of federal and republican target programs and non-programme activities, it is planned to finance social, municipal, road complexes, and water management facilities.
§ Implementation of investment projects, financed from private funds, with the participation of state support:
§ Attracting investment, creating new industries and, as a result, creating new jobs for residents of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, which will improve the standard of living of the population.
§ Implementation of a set of measures, including the development of relevant regulatory legal acts in the investment sphere, the creation of infrastructure necessary for investors, including industrial parks, as well as ensuring the participation of investors implementing projects on the territory of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in various federal and regional programs support for investment activities.
§ Work on updating the Plan for the creation of investment facilities and infrastructure facilities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, development Investment strategy Karachay-Cherkess Republic.
§ Implementation in in full Standards for the activities of executive authorities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic to ensure a favorable investment climate in the region.
CONSTRUCTION
Scope of construction work in 2013 increased in comparable prices by 18.8% compared to the level of 2012 (in Russia it decreased by 1.5%) and amounted to 13.2 billion rubles. In rural areas reporting year high growth rates for the type of activity “Construction” can be noted in the Urupsky district - 2.7 times, Karachaevsky district - 1.9 times, Zelenchuksky district - 29.4%.
In 2013, 109.6 thousand square meters were commissioned in the republic. meters of housing, this is 24.9% more than in 2012 (in Russia by 5.6%), including in rural areas -33.4 thousand square meters. meters (213 houses). The share of individual housing in the total volume of commissioning increased compared to last year from 67.9% to 75.3% (82.5 thousand square meters, against 59.6 thousand square meters in 2012).
In the context of municipal districts and urban districts, the largest volumes of completed housing are in the Prikubansky (15.6 times), Adyge-Khablsky (7.1 times) and Malokarachaevsky (6.2 times) districts.
CONSUMER MARKET
Consumer market Republic, as an integral part of a single regional economic complex, developed in 2013 within the framework of the subprogram “Development of the consumer market and services of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic for 2012 - 2015.”
The total volume of retail trade turnover in 2013 amounted to 34.7 billion rubles. (96.7% compared to 2012). Only in the Abaza region this indicator has positive dynamics (growth of 104.3%).
The decrease in the total volume of retail trade turnover in the republic as a whole is explained by a decrease in the number of individual entrepreneurs in small retail trade by 1.5 thousand people compared to 2012.
The share of food products in retail trade turnover was 43.5%, and non-food products – 56.5%. The growth rate of sales of non-food products has slowed down significantly, as... inflation expectations restrain consumer activity of the population.
In 2013, measures were taken in the consumer market aimed at creating conditions to meet the population’s demand for consumer goods and services, ensuring the quality and safety of their provision and the formation of a sustainable competitive environment.
Development of wholesale trade enterprises in last years indicates that they occupy an increasingly important place in the trade system of Karachay-Cherkessia. Wholesale trade turnover in 2013 amounted to 21,328.1 million rubles, or 106.4% of the 2012 level.
The republic's public catering did not undergo significant quantitative changes in 2013. It is more characterized by intrastructural changes: an increase in the share of restaurants, cafes, bars, as enterprises that create more comfortable conditions, which is of no small importance for the development of tourism in Karachay-Cherkessia.
In 2013 the population was paid services provided in the amount of 10.7 billion rubles or 102.8% compared to last year. In the structure of the volume of paid services to the population in 2013, communication services, housing and communal services, household and medical services.
Prospects for the development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in the consumer market:
§ creation of new multi-service enterprises in the consumer market;
§ development of a network of consumer market enterprises in rural, remote and hard-to-reach settlements, expansion of sales channels for locally produced products, holding specialized events aimed at improving the image of industry enterprises;
§ Reforming the republic’s alcohol market by strengthening its participants, imposing increased demands on them, and abolishing conditions conducive to the shadow circulation of alcohol products.
Entrepreneurship
In 2013 the number small and medium enterprises amounted to 2655 units, which is 1.7% higher than in 2012, the average number of employees of these enterprises increased by 4.0%.
The number of individual entrepreneurs at the end of 2013 decreased by 15.5% and amounted to 13,296 units. The decrease in the indicator in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, as well as in the country as a whole, arose due to an increase, starting from January 1, 2013, in the tax burden.
In 2013, small and medium-sized businesses in the republic, including individual entrepreneurs, according to estimates, employed 31.5 thousand people, which is 14.0% of the economically active population of the republic. The share of the average number of employees of small and medium-sized enterprises (without external part-time workers) in the average number of employees for the full range of organizations and enterprises is 21%, the share of small and medium-sized enterprises in the number of enterprises and organizations of all forms of ownership and management is 38%.
The turnover of small and medium-sized enterprises, according to estimates for January-December 2013, increased by 4% compared to 2012 and amounted to 34.2 billion rubles.
In 2013, the event of the republican target program “Support and development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic for 2012-2015” was implemented - support for equipment leasing programs, governmental support provided to 8 recipients in the amount of 6.74 million rubles.
A popular and actively working instrument for supporting entrepreneurship in the Republic is the activities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republican State unitary enterprise“Guarantee Fund for Entrepreneurship Support of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic” and Autonomous institution Karachay-Cherkess Republic "Microfinance Fund for Small and Medium Enterprises of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic."
In 2013, guarantees were provided to 37 small and medium-sized businesses in the amount of 47.6 million rubles, the amount of credit funds attracted into the economy of the republic amounted to 279.2 million rubles, microloans were provided to 140 small and medium-sized businesses in the amount of 77.7 million . rubles.
To provide property support to small and medium-sized businesses, the republic has adopted a number of regulatory legal acts establishing preferences for entrepreneurs when leasing and purchasing leased state and municipal property. A list of state real estate, intended to be provided to small and medium-sized businesses.
In 2014, further work is planned to create favorable conditions for the activities of small and medium-sized businesses, including within the framework of the subprogram “Support and development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic for 2014-2017” of the state program “Stimulating Economic Development Karachay-Cherkess Republic for 2014-2017".
Prospects for the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2014:
Financial and credit support for small and medium-sized businesses;
Development of infrastructure to support small and medium-sized businesses.
STANDARDS OF LIVING
Mostly, positive trends are noted in the sphere of income and employment of the population, indicating an increase standard of living population.
One of the key areas for improving living standards is cash income per capita, which grew by 7% in 2013.
The main share of income received by the majority of the employed population comes from wages. In the field of wages in the republic, positive dynamics of nominal accrued wages has been maintained for a number of years.
The average monthly nominal accrued wages in 2013 increased compared to the level of 2012 by 15.7% and amounted to 17,915.5 rubles. In real terms, the average monthly salary was 107.9% compared to 2012.
It should be noted that the situation with wages in sectors of the social sphere has improved. Although the continuation of the implementation of measures according to the “May” Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation made it possible to increase the average monthly wages of education workers by 38.8% and healthcare workers by 26.4% compared to the level of 2012, the average wages of teaching staff educational institutions general education reached 17,679 rubles, or 98.7% of the required level. The average salary of teaching staff in preschool educational institutions reached 14,566 rubles, which is 98.1% of the required level. The average salary of teaching staff in additional education for children reached 14,442 rubles and exceeded the required level by 2.5%. The average salary of teachers and masters of secondary and primary vocational education reached 13,771, exceeding the required level by 1.9%. The average salary of scientific employees reached 23,124, exceeding the required level by 1.1%.
In the healthcare sector, the average salary of doctors and workers medical organizations those with higher professional education, as well as junior medical personnel, reached 23,357 and 9,381 rubles, respectively, exceeding the required level by 0.7 and 2.3%, respectively. The average salary of paramedical personnel reached 13,532 rubles, with the required level of 13,544, the deviation was -0.1%.
The average salary of employees of cultural institutions exceeded the required level by 0.3%, reaching 10,263 rubles.
The average salary of social workers also exceeded the required level by 2.5%, reaching 8,965 rubles.
The average monthly salary of one employee at large and medium-sized enterprises in the republic in 2013 was 19,391.2 rubles (115.8% compared to the previous year). The greatest growth in this indicator occurred in the Karachay, Khabez and Adyge-Khablsky regions of the republic (137.6%, 131.8% and 130.2%, respectively).
Taking into account all recalculations the average size pensions as of January 1, 2014 amounted to 8692.6 rubles or 109.1% of previous period. The real amount of assigned monthly pensions in 2013 increased by 2.4%.
EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT
Another factor in assessing the standard of living of the population is labor market situation. The result of systematic work on the development of the labor market is that in the republic over the previous years, a positive trend in the growth of the economically active population has strengthened, which contributed to a decrease in the level of official unemployment to 1.7% in 2013.
The implementation of the activities of the Program for Promotion of Employment and the Program of Additional Measures contributed to a decrease in registered unemployment and tension in the labor market of the republic.
The number of unemployed people registered with the employment service at the end of December 2013 amounted to 4.1 thousand people . and decreased by 19.1% compared to the corresponding period in 2012; The coefficient of tension in the labor market decreased by 16.1% and amounted to 2.6 people.
146.2 million rubles were spent to finance the program “Promotion of Employment”, including: 17.1 million rubles from the republican budget and 129.1 million rubles from the federal budget.
The implementation of program activities in 2013 contributed to the employment of 3.6 thousand citizens (109% of the planned figure).
In conditions of a lack of permanent jobs, much attention was paid to organizing temporary employment, attracting and providing assistance entrepreneurial activity citizens, assistance was provided in finding employment for citizens from among parents with many children and parents raising disabled children in jobs equipped (equipped) for them (100.0% of the plan).
53.8 million rubles were spent to implement additional measures aimed at reducing tension in the labor market of the republic, including: 2.7 million rubles from the republican budget and 51.1 million rubles from the federal budget.
In 2013, 1,075 people (100.2% of the planned figure) became participants in the Program of Additional Measures to Reduce Tension in the Labor Market of the Republic.
Thanks to the program, workplaces have been equipped for people with disabilities. While 677 disabled people applied, 224 disabled people were employed. For example, in the Malokarachaevsky district, 27 workplaces have been equipped for people with disabilities, including for medical workers at the Health Center LLC, at the Delta Plus medical center and in other organizations. In the city of Cherkessk, the Kavkazpaket enterprise has equipped special workplaces for the employment of disabled people of group 1 in vision, and the wood (lumber) processing enterprise Sheremet LLC has equipped a workplace for disabled people of group 2.
Prospects for the development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in the field of employment in 2014:
To ensure effective development of the labor market, it is necessary to solve the following problems:
Promoting employment and providing employers labor force, including due to: special programs employment individual categories citizens experiencing difficulties in finding work; promoting self-employment of unemployed citizens; creating conditions for integration into labor activity persons with disabilities;
Increasing the competitiveness of the workforce in the labor market through the development of vocational guidance and psychological support for the population; organizing vocational training and additional vocational education for unemployed citizens;
Stimulating the employment of women with minor children and disabled children, and unemployed citizens who, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, have been assigned an old-age labor pension;
Promoting labor mobility of the population.
DEMOGRAPHY
Demographic situation in the republic is developing under the influence of prevailing trends in fertility, mortality and population migration.
The permanent population of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic as of January 1, 2014 amounted to 469.8 thousand people and has decreased by 2.0 thousand people since the beginning of 2013.
Positive balance natural movement population compensated for the migration outflow by 50.2% (a year ago - by 38.9%).
The natural population growth of the republic increased by 12.5% compared to 2012 due to a decrease in the number of deaths and an increase in the number of births. Positive trend natural increase population was observed in all regions of the republic, except Zelenchuksky and Urupsky districts. The largest increase in the birth rate was observed in the Adyga-Khablsky district (increase by 21.2%), in Karachaevsk (increase by 11.3%), and Khabezsky district (increase by 7.1%).
FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
For 2013 foreign trade turnover participants in foreign trade activities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic amounted to 512.12 million US dollars, which is 18.7% higher than the level of 2012. The foreign trade balance in 2013 was negative in the amount of USD 463.65 million. Its formation was largely influenced by trade with countries such as China, the negative trade balance amounted to - 399.51 million US dollars, Turkey (-14.29 million US dollars) and Italy (- 13.33 million. US dollars). At the same time, the positive trade balance with Ukraine was significant in size (USD 11.5 million)
Countries dominated foreign trade far abroad with a turnover share of 93.8%. The largest trade turnover in 2013 was with China (USD 399.51 million), Ukraine (USD 23.32 million), Turkey (USD 17.88 million), Italy (USD 14.56 million). million US dollars) and Taiwan (China) (9.34 million US dollars).
In 2013, the share of exports in the republic’s trade turnover amounted to 8.3%. Participants foreign economic activity Republic in 2013 carried out export operations in the amount of USD 24.79 million, which is lower than the volumes similar period 2012 by 8.70 million US dollars.
Volume foreign trade enterprises of the republic in its import part in 2013 amounted to 474.38 million US dollars. Goods worth $468.49 million were imported from non-CIS countries (an increase of 22.3%), from the CIS - $5.89 million (a decrease of 29.9%).
The largest trading partners importing products into the republic from non-CIS countries (as a percentage of the republic’s import value) were: China (84.2%), Turkey (3.4%), Italy (2.9%), and from CIS - Ukraine (1.2%).
In 2013, an Agreement was concluded between the Government of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic and the Government of the Republic of South Ossetia on trade, economic, scientific, technical and cultural cooperation.
Strategic planning
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 6, 2010 No. 1485-r approved the Strategy for the socio-economic development of the North Caucasus Federal District until 2025 (hereinafter referred to as the Strategy), which defines the main directions, ways and means of achieving the strategic goals of sustainable development and ensuring national security of the Russian Federation in the territories of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania, Chechen Republic and Stavropol Territory, which are part of the North Caucasus Federal District, until 2025.
In accordance with the order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated November 11, 2010 No. 1950-r “On approval of the list of state programs of the Russian Federation”, it was developed and approved Government program Russian Federation “Development of the North Caucasus Federal District for the period until 2025”, which includes 3 federal target programs and 4 subprograms. The implementation of program activities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic is carried out within the framework of the federal target programs “South of Russia (2008-2013)”, “South of Russia (2014-2020)” and 3 subprograms.
The draft Strategy for the socio-economic development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic until 2035 and the Program for the socio-economic development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic for 2014-2018 have been developed.
Target programs
In 2013, 1332.0 million rubles were allocated from the republican budget for the implementation of 38 republican target programs, which is 31.7% less than the level of 2012 (1951.57 million rubles). From the federal budget, on the terms of co-financing of republican target programs, 3365.25 million rubles were received, which exceeded the 2012 level by 153.25% (in 2012, 2195.89 million rubles were received).
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The Karachay-Cherkess Republic is one of the southernmost subjects of the Russian Federation, part of the North Caucasus Federal District, providing Russia with access to the states of Transcaucasia. Located in the foothills of the Northwestern Caucasus. In the west, the territory of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic borders on the Krasnodar Territory, in the north and northeast - on the Stavropol Territory, in the east - on the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, in the south the border runs along the Main Caucasus Range with the Georgian Republic and the Republic of Abkhazia. The area of the territory of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic is 14.3 thousand km2. Population – 469.8 thousand people (as of 01/01/2014). The capital of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic is the city of Cherkessk, founded in 1825, population 124.95 thousand people.
Economy of the region
The leading place in the economy of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic belongs to industrial production, which remains the main sector for the creation of material wealth, commodity and money supply, new jobs and investment sources.In 2013, the GRP of the republic amounted to 62.7 billion rubles, which is 4.6% of the GRP of the North Caucasus Federal District (NCFD).
The structure of GRP production is dominated by industry - more than 24%. The second place in the structure of GRP production is occupied by agriculture, whose share is more than 18%.
Among the subjects of the North Caucasian Federal District at the end of 2014, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic took leading places in terms of the growth rate of housing commissioning (151.5%) - 2nd place and in terms of the growth rate of average per capita cash income(110.9%) - 4th place.
Pabout life expectancy, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2014 entered the group of regions with the highest life expectancy up to 74.5 years (in 2013 this age did not exceed 73.9 years).
GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT
133,200 rubles per capita
35.4% of GRP per capita from the Russian average level
93.7% of GRP per capita from the average level in the North Caucasus Federal District
Assessing regulatory impact in the region
In the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, the procedure for assessing the regulatory impact of draft regulatory legal acts and the examination of existing regulatory legal acts (RLA) was introduced in 2014. When conducting RIA, a decentralized model was chosen.
An Advisory Council for Regulatory Impact Assessment has been established under the Ministry of Economic Development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, consisting of government civil servants of the ministry, representatives of the executive authorities of the republic, the business community, research, public and other organizations.
An Agreement was concluded between the Ministry of Economic Development of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic and organizations representing the interests of the business community when conducting a regulatory impact assessment.
The procedure for conducting RIA of draft municipal regulatory legal acts and the examination of existing municipal regulatory legal acts inmunicipality of the city of Cherkessk,which is the administrative center of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.