Economic and social geography of the world 10. Physical, economic and social geography. Social and economic geography

The modern world - territories, countries and states.
The term “political map of the world” carries a double meaning. In the literal sense, this is geographic map(atlas) of the Earth or region, which reflects a variety of political and geographical information, figuratively - all the variety of data about the fabric of the political life of the world, individual regions and countries.

Based on political and territorial characteristics, the globe is divided into territories, countries and states.
Territory is a part of the land surface on Earth with natural and human-created resources, which has certain boundaries in space and geographical location.

A country is a territory with certain borders and population, which in political and geographical terms may have state sovereignty (independence) or be dependent.
A state is a sovereign political entity, a country with a certain territory, economy and political power in it. The state is the main bearer of rights and obligations in international relations.

Content
General economic geographical characteristics peace.
Political map peace.
The modern world - territories, states and states.
Stages of formation of a modern political map of the world.
A sovereign state on the political map of the world.
Political and economic systems modern states.
Types of countries in the world by level of economic development.
International organizations.
Historical and geographical regions of the world.
World population.
The size of the Earth's population, its natural and mechanical movement.
Population distribution. Urban and rural population. Urbanization.
Ethnic and religious composition population.
Labor resources and employment.
World Natural resources.
Interaction between society and nature. Natural conditions and resources.
Resource availability and environmental management.
Mineral, land, forest, water resources.
Resources of the World Ocean and recreational resources.
World economy: general patterns.
Modern world economy.
International division of labor and world economy.
Scientific, technical and information technology.
revolution and world economy.
Sectoral structure of the world economy.
Territorial and economic structure of the world economy.
Basic systems of the world economy.
Energy.
Production of construction materials.
Mechanical engineering.
Agriculture.
Transport.
International tourism.
International economic relations.
Regions and countries of the world.
Countries of Western and Central Europe.
Geographical position, natural resource potential,
population of Western and Central European countries.
General features of the economy of the countries of Western and Central Europe.
Integration processes in Europe, European Union, NATO.
Germany.
France.
Great Britain.
Italy.
Poland.
Southwestern neighbors of Ukraine (Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria).
The Republic of Moldova.
Belarus.
Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania).
Countries of Eastern Europe, Northern and Central Asia.
Geographical location, natural resource potential,
population of Eastern Europe, Northern and Central Asia. Russia. Geographical location, natural resource potential, population.
Russia. Industry.
Russia. Agro-industrial complex. Transport.
Russia. Internal differences.
Transcaucasian countries (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia) Central Asian countries (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan,
Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan).
Countries of the Middle East, South and East Asia.
General overview of the countries of the Middle East, South and East Asia.
Japan.
China.
India.
New industrializing countries in South and East Asia.
Middle Eastern countries.
Türkiye.
Countries of America.
United States of America (USA). Geographical.
situation, natural resource potential, population.
USA. Farming.
USA. Internal differences and cities.
Canada.
Latin America. Geographical location, natural resource potential, population.
Latin America. Farming.
Brazil.
Subject.
10. African countries.
Africa. Geographical location, natural resource potential, population.
Africa. Farming.
Australia and Oceania countries.
Commonwealth of Australia (Australia).
Oceania and New Zealand.


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Collection of essays on geography for grade 10

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE WORLD

Kuskov A. S., Sosnovskaya E. B., Krivoshapova I. G., Ivashentseva L. N., Shilina L. I., Novikova O. V., Pankin A. A., Vinogradova L. F.

Edited by Associate Professor of the Department of Management tourism business Saratov State Technical University, Associate Professor of the Department of Tourism and cultural heritage Saratov State University Alexey Sergeevich Kuskov.

Section I GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WORLD

Abstract BARANSKY N. N. AS THE FOUNDER OF DOMESTIC ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY

1. Introduction: the role of N. N. Baransky in the development of geographical ideas in Russia.

2. The main stages of life and activity.

3. Scientific creativity, features of the concept.

4. Conclusion: the scientist’s contribution to the development of Russian geography.

Introduction: the role of N. N. Baransky in the development of geographical ideas in Russia

Nikolai Nikolaevich Baransky went down in the history of science as the founder of Soviet economic geography. In the most difficult post-revolutionary period - from the second half of the 1920s - he led the development of this area of ​​​​geographical knowledge, combining the desire to give scientifically based answers to the most pressing and important questions facing the country, which had embarked on the path of planned development, with the continuation of the best traditions of Russian classical geography and systematic study of the achievements of world geographical science.

N.N. Baransky is the author of the first textbook “Economic Geography” Soviet Union. Review of the regions of the State Planning Committee", published in 1926, and later - a textbook on the economic geography of the USSR for high school, which began to be published in the 1930s and went through 16 reprints (until 1955), educating generations of Soviet people and developing regional direction of economic geography. Baransky developed fundamental methodological problems of taking into account the natural environment in economic geography and the geographical division of labor, economic-geographical position, economic zoning and regional studies, urban geography and economic cartography.

He was a Teacher in the deepest sense of the word - the creator of a school for his followers, an educator of numerous students and scientists, a mentor to geography teachers in schools and universities, a brilliant popularizer of geographical knowledge among the masses.

A professional revolutionary at the very beginning of the century, who held high government positions in the early 1920s, Baransky came to science with a wealth of life experience, true democracy and broad state approach to the needs of the Fatherland - to the organization of geographical education, geographical research, publishing.

Main stages of life and activity

N. N. Baransky was born on July 27, 1881 in the family of a teacher at a gymnasium in the city of Tomsk, who taught Russian language, literature (literature) and geography, a man of “great intelligence and broad nature.” The characteristics of his father's character and lifestyle, his high education, intelligence, and democracy had a strong influence on the upbringing of his children - three older sisters and two younger brothers - of whom Nikolai was the penultimate. He studied brilliantly, graduating from high school in 1899 with a gold medal, and spoke the “ancient” languages ​​- Latin and Greek and modern languages ​​- French, German, English. Later, Baransky the scientist became acquainted with geographical literature in almost any European language and reviewed many works and edited translations for publication in Russian.

At the age of 13, he began helping his father in his tutoring work, working with the “preparators”. From the age of fifteen, “every year I compiled two documents: 1) my worldview for such and such a year and 2) what I should do by the coming year.”

Siberian cities, including Tomsk, played a significant role in the development of the revolutionary movement in the east of the country. In the process of constant discussions, young people had the opportunity to get acquainted with various political views and develop their own beliefs. In the Tomsk gymnasium there was an illegal circle created by exiled Narodnaya Volya members. Nikolai Baransky became its first Marxist and, as he recalled, “dragged the audience from Pisarev and Dobrolyubov to Lassalle, Marx, Engels, Plekhanov” (from personal memories and archives of Moscow State University). Since 1897, Nikolai Baransky has been participating in the work of illegal circles, and he himself begins to conduct propaganda work in a circle that unites printing workers.

Enrolled in 1899 at the Faculty of Law of Tomsk University N.N. Baransky was expelled from it in 1901 for his active participation in a student strike and demonstration. In the same year, he accepted the offer of the Altai Research Lovers Society and conducted a house-to-house census in the village of Chistyunki, Barnaul district, where he explored the life of new settlers, which became the basis for his first scientific publication, which appeared in the book by N. M. Tregubov, published by the West Siberian Department Russian Geographical Society in 1907.

Upon returning from Altai, he becomes a professional revolutionary. Under the name “Nicholas the Bolshoi,” he went down in the history of the revolutionary movement in Siberia, one of the leaders of which he was during 1902–1907, repeatedly being arrested and imprisoned.

During this period N.N. Baransky repeatedly visits all organizations of the Siberian Social Democratic Union with centers in Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Chita, Harbin, and his native Tomsk, and speaks at the end of 1905 at the Tammerfors All-Russian Conference of Bolsheviks with a report on the work of the Siberian Party organization. In 1907, in Chita, he was arrested for the third time and spent almost a year in the Chita prison. In 1908, he was released, but by an official order prohibiting residence in the areas of the Irkutsk General Government - N.N. Baransky was expelled from all traditional areas of political exile.

In 1910–1914 Baransky graduated from the economics department of the Moscow Commercial Institute (now the G.V. Plekhanov Institute of National Economy), where he studied in depth higher mathematics, economics, mathematical statistics, and developed the topic of the German Imperial Bank.

In 1915–1917 he worked as an economist in the Main Committee of the Zemstvo and City Unions, created during the First World War to help sick and wounded soldiers. However, in 1916–1918. Due to a severe throat illness, he stood aside from active activities.

1918–1925 – period of work of N.N. Baransky in responsible administrative and organizational positions: as part of the Supreme Council of the National Economy of the RSFSR (VSNKh), extraordinary auditor of the People's Commissariat of State Control (Moscow), head of the Chelyabinsk branch of the People's Commissariat of State Control, head of the economic department of Sibrevkom (Omsk), member of the board of the People's Commissariat of Workers' and Peasants' inspection (RKI), from where he left with great difficulty in 1925, when V.V. Kuibyshev became the People's Commissar of the RKI instead of I.V. Stalin, the direct superior of N.N. Baransky.

N.N. Baransky recalled this period of his activity in this way. “Initially, working in RCT was a close and interesting thing for me. I was especially fascinated by the work of attracting workers to control the activities of Soviet institutions and enterprises. It was a real “piece of socialism,” and it was I who was entrusted with leading it. But... this work, to which I devoted my whole soul, did not meet with Stalin’s sympathy and gradually, every year, faded away. The working spirit and the workers themselves from the RKI disappeared before my eyes and soon disappeared completely. Then I decided to leave RKI too. But it wasn’t easy to do” /1/.

From a young age N.N. Baransky, practically without ceasing, was engaged in educational and propaganda activities, which gradually developed into teaching, and the center of his interests increasingly moved from the field of politics, political economy and economics to geography, which was prepared by his very life, practical work, and observations.

Baransky himself asked himself the question: “Why did I start studying economic geography?” - and as one of the main reasons he named the following: “... trips on revolutionary affairs in 1903–1910, in which I traveled about 200 thousand km from Kiev to Tammerfors, from Tammerfors to Harbin and especially from Chelyabinsk to Chita and back , and then, on top of that, about 100 thousand km of various audits (1918–1923), showed me clearly how significantly nature, people, and their economy change from place to place. And this is the essence of economic geography and interest in it” /2/.

In the fall of 1918, at the invitation of N.K. Krupskaya (with whom he was familiar from the time of professional revolutionary activity), N.N. Baransky began to work at the Prechistensky workers' socialist courses and there for the first time began to teach a course in the economic geography of Russia, while simultaneously lecturing in other workers' clubs in Moscow.

Geography is the science of the nature of the earth's surface, the population and its economic activity. Geographical science can be divided into two large sections: physical geography on the one hand and socio-economic geography on the other.

Physiography

The objects of study of physical geography are the geographical shell of the Earth, soil science, climatology, glaciology, which studies ice, oceanology and hydrology, as well as paleogeography, which studies the past of the geographical shell. Physical geography studies the climate and topography of the countries of the world, their location on the continents.

IN last years there is interest in such a discipline of physical geography as urbanism. Urbanism is the science of cities, of the interaction of urban systems with each other and with humans.

Rice. 1. New York is a huge metropolis.

Physical geography is studied from the 6th grade of school, and social and economic geography, as a more complex branch of science, is taught in the 10th and 11th grades.

Physical geography in its rudimentary form arose in the 4th century BC. But only centuries later, after the major sea expeditions of Columbus, Polo, and Magellan, humanity realized how important it is to study and comprehend the world around us.

Rice. 2. F. Magellan.

Social and economic geography

Social and economic geography are often combined into one large section - socio-economic geography. Social geography studies society, the life and interaction of people in it. Economic geography studies economic life society, its place in the world economy. But at the center of any society is a person, so two branches of one science have merged into one.

TOP 1 articlewho are reading along with this

Rice. 3. Man and society.

Social economical geography sets itself a specific subject and task. The subject is the study of the world economy as a whole, as well as the economy of individual states and societies within different states. The subject is also the process of formation and development of socio-economic systems, as well as ways to manage them.

The object of study of socio-economic geography is individual countries, their populations, and political institutions. The main goal are the improvement of the territorial organization of society and the rational distribution of production forces.

Socio-economic geography began to develop in antiquity. This happened during the process of settling new territories.

The place of socio-economic geography in the system of sciences is very large, since in our rapidly developing society it is necessary to have knowledge about social economic development society, about the properties and characteristics of the way and quality of life of people.

What have we learned?

Physical, economic and social geography are important branches of one science. Social and economic geography are often combined into one branch and viewed as interdependent disciplines.

Test on the topic

Evaluation of the report

Average rating: 4.2. Total ratings received: 107.

Municipal autonomous educational institution

"Brient Secondary School"

Kvarkensky district, Orenburg region

ACCEPTED

At a meeting of the methodological association_______________________________________________________________

Protocol No._______ dated___________

Head of the Ministry of Defense_________________

AGREED

Deputy Director for HR

__________________________________________________

"_______"________________________20____g

I APPROVED

Director ___________________________________________________________________________________

"_______" __________________________20____g

Working programm academic subject

Geography 10th grade

for the 2017/2018 academic year

(a basic level of)

Developed

teacher of geography and biology

Shakirova Zakiya Baryevna,

1 qualification category

2017-2018 academic year

Approximate program for secondary (complete) general education in geography. A basic level of;

Number of hours per week: 1 hour

1. EXPLANATORY NOTE

The program was prepared in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of General Education.The source documents for drawing up the work program of the training course are:

    Work programs in geography. 10-11 grades (lines of textbooks from publishing houses: “Prosveshchenie”, “Drofa”, “Russian Word”)/ed.-comp. N.V. Bolotnikova. - M.: Planeta, 2015. - 120 p.

The course program “Economic and Social Geography of the World” meets the educational standard and fully implements the Federal component of secondary education in geography in grades 10–11. Geography is included in the list of academic subjects that are studied as an elective at a basic or specialized level. On basic level 68 hours of teaching time are allocated for studying the subject in grades 10 and 11. The structure of this textbook meets this requirement: it consists of two parts, two books, each of which is designed for 34 hours of teaching time.

This course occupies a special place in senior secondary schools; it completes the cycle of school geographical education and is designed to form in students an understanding of the world around them, an understanding of the main trends and processes occurring in an ever-changing world, to show the interconnection of nature, population and economy of the globe.

Goals and objectives of the course:

    to form in students a holistic understanding of the state modern society, about the complexity of the relationships between nature and humanity living on Earth;

    develop spatial-geographical thinking;

    to cultivate respect for the cultures of other peoples and countries;

    to form an idea of ​​the geographical features of nature, population and economy of different territories;

    teach to use geographical knowledge to assess and explain various processes and phenomena occurring in the world;

    to cultivate an ecological culture, a careful and rational attitude towards the environment.

Features of the program. This program is new version classical course, which has long been used in secondary schools. However, despite its traditional nature, this course has several features. Firstly, it takes into account all the instructions prescribed in the new educational standard, and, thus, is most consistent with modern educational standards.

Secondly, due to the fact that the material is divided into two parts - “ general characteristics World" and "Regional World Review", - the distribution of material within the sections has been slightly changed.

The topic “Political map of the world” was moved to the second part of the course (grade 11) and is studied at the beginning of the academic year. Moving this topic to the regional section allows you to divide the course into two equal and completely independent parts. This makes it possible to use this program flexibly.

The transfer of the topic “Political Map of the World,” which deals with the typology of countries in the modern world, to the middle of the course led to the need to study the classification of countries by level of socio-economic development at the very beginning of the first part. After all, it is simply impossible to talk about the population and natural resources of the world, as well as the problems that are associated with them, without an idea of ​​the two poles of the modern world.

Otherwise, the present program is quite traditional.

The presentation of the material opens with a short but very important topic “ Modern geography", it talks about the essence of modern geography in general and socio-economic geography in particular. It examines the range of problems that geographical science solves, as well as the scientific methods it uses.

The theme “Countries of the Modern World” gives an idea of state structure countries and their differences in level of socio-economic development. Interdisciplinary connections with such subjects as history, social studies, and economics are realized here.

The topic “Geography of the World Population” talks about population dynamics and those difficult problems on the solution of which the future of humanity largely depends. It also examines issues of the composition of the population, its complexity and mosaic nature and, as a consequence, a complex tangle of ethno-religious problems. Done important conclusion that the cause of these conflicts lies both in the history of individual countries and territories, and in economic sphere life of society. A lot of attention is paid to the problems existing in the world, because these are the realities of the modern world. This topic also implements interdisciplinary connections with history and social studies.

The next topic, which for brevity can be called “World natural resources and environmental problems”, is also largely devoted to problems, but these are environmental problems, they are a consequence of modern production. However, the main idea of ​​​​the topic is this: these problems are not inevitable, humanity has enough opportunities to solve them or, according to at least, take their edge off. A significant place is devoted to strategies for solving environmental problems. This topic has interdisciplinary connections with biology and ecology.

Further discussed general review world economy. This material is practically inexhaustible due to the enormous complexity of the diversified world economy and the diversity of forms of economic relations. The peculiarity of the proposed course is a small number of digital indicators characterizing sectors of the world economy. This position of the authors is due to a number of reasons:

Statistical data is constantly changing, so it is more advisable to focus schoolchildren’s attention on the main trends that exist in the world. modern stage development of international economic relations;

This approach to presenting the topic is recommended in the concept of school geographical education and proposed in the educational standard; in addition, it is in this spirit that it is recommended to test students’ knowledge during the Unified State Exam.

In conclusion, the topic is concluded about the inevitability of globalization, since it is a natural stage in the development of the world economy. Interdisciplinary connections with such subjects as history, social studies, and economics are realized here.

The first part of the course ends with a topic devoted to global problems of humanity. The material is presented in one information-rich paragraph. Because about everyone global problems ah (raw materials, demographics, environmental) has already been discussed in detail in the relevant topics, this paragraph shows the interconnection and interdependence of all global problems, demonstrates the capabilities of humanity in solving these problems.

Requirements for the level of student preparation

Students must:

1. Know:

Methods of geographical research and be able to apply them in practice;

Features of the location of the main types of natural resources;

Dynamics of the world population as a whole, as well as individual regions and countries; modern problems population;

Features of the industry and territorial structure world economy;

Geographical specifics of individual countries and regions of the world;

Peculiarities current situation Russia in the world, its role in the MGRT.

2. Be able to:

Compile a comprehensive geographical description of countries and regions;

Explain the geographical aspects of various current processes and phenomena;

Assess the resource availability of countries;

Use a variety of sources of geographic information.

2. PROGRAM CONTENT

List of practical works

work

Name

Drawing up graphs, maps and diagrams based on statistical information.

Comparative analysis maps of peoples and world religions.

Analysis of sex and age pyramids different countries, explanation of the reasons for the identified differences.

Selection of examples of single-national and multinational countries.

Explanation of the causes of migration processes in Europe.

Compiling a list of countries in which the official language is: a) English, b) French, c) Russian, d) German.

Designation on contour map largest agglomerations and megalopolises

Determination of countries' endowment various types natural resources

Drawing up a test questionnaire on the topic

MAIN CONTENT

Part 1. General characteristics of the world

Modern geography (1 hour)

Geography as a science. Methods of geographical research. Types and meaning of geographic information. Geographic information systems.

Basic concepts: geographic information systems.

(2 hours)

Level of socio-economic development. Gross domestic product. Developed and developing countries. "Big Eight", countries of settler capitalism, countries with a transitional type of economy, newly industrialized countries.

Basic concepts: GDP, the developed countries, developing countries, countries of settler capitalism, newly industrialized countries, countries with a transitional type of economy, the G8.

Practical work: 1. Drawing up graphs, maps and diagrams based on statistical information.

(5 o'clock)

Dynamics of the world population in different historical periods. Current population of the world, individual countries and regions. Fertility, mortality and natural increase are the main ones demographic indicators. Natural population growth in different countries and regions. Types of population reproduction. Demographic crisis and population explosion. Their causes and consequences. The theory of "demographic transition". Demographic policy. Its goals are in countries with different types of population reproduction.

Ethnic (national) composition of the population. The largest nations of the world and language families. Working languages ​​of the UN. Religious composition of the world population. World and ethnic religions. Ethno-religious conflicts.

Age and sex composition of the population. Sex and age pyramids.

Labor resources and economically active population. The problem of unemployment and its geographical features.

General picture of human settlement on the planet. Population density. Uneven population distribution. Clumps of population. The role of natural, economic and demographic factors. Geography of world migration processes, their causes and consequences. "Pumping minds."

Urbanization as a worldwide process, its features in developed and developing countries Oh. False urbanization. Largest cities peace. Agglomerations and megalopolises. Rural population and forms of its settlement.

Basic concepts: demography, demographic transition, demographic crisis, demographic explosion, sex and age pyramids, ethnicity, UN working languages, world and ethnic religions, population density, migration, urbanization, suburbanization, megalopolis.

Practical work: 1. Comparative analysis of maps of peoples and world religions. 2. Analysis of sex and age pyramids in different countries, explanation of the reasons for the identified differences. 3. Selection of examples of single-national and multinational countries. 4. Explanation of the causes of migration processes in Europe. 5. Compiling a list of countries in which the official language is: a) English, b) French, c) Russian, d) German. 6. Designation on the contour map of the largest agglomerations and megalopolises.

(13 hours)

Development of relations between nature and man: hunting, agricultural, industrial and modern stages. Appropriating and producing economy. Impact on nature. Nature and geographical (environmental) environment. Environmental management is rational and irrational.

Classification of natural resources and their provision in individual countries. The concept of natural resource potential and resource availability. Classification of countries by resource availability.

Mineral resources peace. Modern geography of fuel, ore and non-metallic minerals. Provision of mineral raw materials in various states and regions. Metallogenetic belts. The problem of depletion of mineral reserves. Territorial combinations of mineral resources. Integrated development of minerals.

Land resources. Land fund and its structure. Use of the planet's arable areas. Soil degradation. Desertification is a global problem.

Forest resources. Their location on the planet: northern and southern forest belts. Provision of forest resources in various states and regions. Reduction of the planet's forest area, its scale and consequences.

Freshwater resources. The role of river waters in human life. Unevenness in the provision of countries and regions with fresh water. Ways to overcome water shortages. Deterioration of water quality. Wastewater. Recycling water supply.

Resources of the World Ocean. The role of the ocean in providing humanity with a variety of resources. Biological resources. Aquaculture and mariculture. Types of ocean mineral resources. Energetic resources: used and potential.

Other types of resources. Alternative energy sources. Solar energy and wind energy. Resources of the Earth's internal heat. Recreational resources, their types. Changing the role of individual resources in connection with the emergence of new types of recreation. Tourist boom. World Heritage Sites.

Ecology. Environmental problems, the inevitability of their existence. Possible ways to solve them: extensive and intensive. Pollution of the lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. Greenhouse effect. Destruction of the ozone layer. Global warming. Closed technological cycles and waste-free technologies.

Basic concepts: rational and irrational environmental management, natural resources, resource availability, metallogenetic belts, land fund, wastewater, desertification, recreational resources, alternative energy sources, ecology, environmental problems.

Practical work: 1. Determining the provision of countries with various types of natural resources.

Topic 4. World economy and scientific and technological revolution (2 hours)

Forms of division of labor. International geographical division labor. The world economy as a set of national economies of the countries of the world. International economic specialization of states: the role of geographical factors. Types of countries according to their role in the MGRT. International economic integration. Transnational corporations. The largest international industry and regional unions.

The current stage of scientific and technological revolution and its character traits. The influence of scientific and technological revolution on the territorial and industry structure world economy. Old, new and latest industries. Knowledge-intensive industries. Avant-garde three industries. Old industrial areas. Industrial areas of new development and high technology..

Basic concepts: division of labor, MGTR, industry of international specialization, economic integration, TNCs, scientific and technological revolution.

Practical work: 1. Identification of countries exporting the main types of raw materials, industrial and agricultural products, different types services.

(10 hours)

Industry of the world. Fuel and energy industry. Oil and gas and coal industry. Fuel flows. Exporting countries and importing countries. Electric power industry. The role of different types of power plants in global electricity production. Specifics of the electric power industry in different countries.

Manufacturing industry: mechanical engineering, metallurgy, chemical, forestry and light industry. Relationship between the level of development of the manufacturing industry and the level socio-economic development of states. World leaders in various industries industrial production.

Agriculture, its sectoral composition. Agriculture and livestock farming. Agrarian relations in countries of different types. Food and commercial agriculture. "Green Revolution" and its essence. World leaders in agricultural production.

Transport of the world and its composition. The importance and characteristics of different types of transport in the global transportation of goods and passengers. Freight turnover and passenger turnover. Density of the transport network. Transport networks of radial and linear types. The special role of maritime transport. "Container revolution" and "container bridges". Features of the organization of transport in developed and developing countries.

International economic relations, their forms. Available economic zones. International trade: commodity structure and geographical distribution. Other forms of IEO: credit and financial, production, provision of services.

Basic concepts: “green revolution”, containerization, SEZ.

Practical work: 1. Drawing up a test questionnaire on the topic.

Topic 6. Global problems of our time (1 hour)

The concept of global problems, their types and relationships. Problems of survival and problems of development. Raw materials, demographics, food and environmental issues are the main global problems. Possible ways to solve them. The role of geography in solving global problems of humanity.

Basic concepts: global problems, globalization.

Practical work: 1. Drawing up a diagram of “Mutual connections of global problems.”

3. EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

Selected to implement the assigned taskstraining and metodology complex authors E.M. Domogatskikh is a practicing teacher with extensive experience working in schools.The textbooks were published by the Russian Word publishing house.

CMD includes :

    Textbook: Domogatskikh E.M., Alekseevsky N.I. Geography: Economic and social geography of the world: In 2 hours. Part 1. General characteristics of the world: Textbook for grades 10 - 11 of educational institutions. – M.: LLC TID “Russkoe Slovo – RS”, 2013.

    Domogatskikh E.M., Domogatskikh E.E. Geography workbook. 10(11) grade. Part 1 -M. “Russian Word”, 2015.

    Sirotin V.I. Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10: Workbook with sets of outline maps. – M.: Bustard, Publishing House DIK, 2014.

    Economic and social geography of the world. 10th grade: Atlas with a set of contour maps. – M.: federal Service geodesy and cartography of Russia, 2014

Additional literature:

For the teacher: 1) Anufrieva O.I. Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10. Ch.I. General characteristics of the world: lesson plans based on the textbook by V.P. Maksakovsky. – Volgograd: Teacher, 2002.

2) Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10. HII. Regional characteristics world: Lesson plans based on the textbook by V.P. Maksakovsky / Author-comp. O.I. Anufrieva. – Volgograd: Teacher, 2004.

3) Elkin G.N. Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10. Method. allowance. – St. Petersburg: Parity, 2002.

4) Perlov L.E. Explore geography in a new way. 7th – 10th grade. Program and methodological material for an in-depth course in the study of geography. – M.: “Eurasian Region”, 1999.

5) Geography. Didactic and educational games using information technologies with electronic application / Auto-stat. I.A. Kugut. – M.: Planeta, 2011. (Modern school)

6) Geography lessons using ICT. 10-11 grade. Toolkit with electronic application / Author: S.V. Dongorunova, I.A. Kugut. – M.: Globus Publishing House, 2011.

7) Lisenkova G.Ya. Lectures and seminars on geography in 10th grade. – M.: “Enlightenment”, 1992.

8) Ambartsumova E.M. Thematic control in geography. Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10. – M.: Intellect-Center, 2003.

For students: 1). Unified State Exam. 2009. Geography. Universal materials for preparing students / FIPI - M.: Intellect-Center, 2009.

2) Unified State Exam. 2011. Geography. Universal materials for preparing students./FIPI - M.: Intellect-Center, 2011.

3) Shatnykh V.V. Modern geography lesson. Part 3. Methodological developments Geography lessons in 10th grade / ed. I.I. Barinova. – M.: School Press, 2002.

ICT: 1) Disc. Geography lessons. 10-11 grade. Multimedia application for lessons. Publishing house "GLOBUS", 2010.

2) Disc. Geography. Didactic and educational games. 6-11 grades. Electronic application. Publishing house "GLOBUS", 2010.

3) Disc. Interactive training preparation for the Unified State Exam. Geography. Buka-Soft Company, 2007.

2) Disc. Geography. Express preparation for the exam. 9-11 grade. "New School", 2006.

3) Disc. Geography. 6-10 grade. A set of multimedia components. "1C", 2005.

4) Disc. We pass the Unified Exam. 2008. “1C: Tutor”, 2008.

4. CALENDAR AND THEMATIC PLANNING

p/p

Name of the section, lesson topics

Number of hours

Lesson type

Elements of compulsory minimum education

Requirements for the level of training of students

Forms of control

date

Plan

Fact

Part 1. General characteristics of the world. Modern geography (1 hour)

1/1

Geographical science

NM

An idea of ​​the economic and social geography of the world, to determine its tasks at the present stage

Know: basic geographical concepts and terms

Be able to: highlight the main thing in the content of the material and draw up a plan - an outline, work with the textbook

Frontal surveyAnalysis and comparison of maps of various subjects to determine trends and patterns in the development of geographical phenomena and processes..

Topic 1. Countries of the modern world (2 hours)

2/1

Typescountries of the modern world.Pr/r No. 1 “Drawing up graphs, maps and diagrams based on statistical information.”

NM

On the typology of countries based on qualitative characteristics taking into account the level of socio-economic development.

About different forms of states

Be able to : characterize the influence international relations on the political map of the world; the ability to assess the geopolitical situation of individual countries.

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map. Drawing up a systematizing table “Public system of the countries of the world.”

3/2

Developed and developing countries

KB

Individual survey, working with a map. Designation on the code of the G7 countries, the CIS, the largest developing countries, countries with different government systems.

Topic 2. Geography of the world population (5 o'clock)

4/1

World population size and dynamics

NM

Number and reproduction of the population of the European Union and its types. Demographic policy. Gender, age and ethnic composition population. Large nations and language families. Geography of world religions. Location and population density. Migration, types of migration, geography of international migrations. Population resettlement. Urban and rural population. Urbanization. Largest cities and urban agglomerations.

Know: the size and dynamics of the world population, individual regions and countries, their ethnogeographical specifics; differences in the levels and quality of life of the population, the main directions of migration; problems of modern urbanization.

Be able to : determine and compare geographical trends in the development of natural, socio-economic and geo-ecological objects, processes and phenomena using different sources of information; evaluate and explain demographic situation, levels of urbanization and territorial concentration of population.

5/2

Racial and age-sex composition of the population.Project No. 2 “Analysis of sex and age pyramids in some countries of the world, explanation of the reasons for the identified differences.”

Individual survey, working with a map.

6/3

Ethnic and religious composition of the population.Pr/r#3 “Comparative analysis of maps of peoples and world religions”

Pr/p#4 “Selection of examples of single-national and multinational countries.”

Pr/p#5 “Compiling a list of countries in which the official language is: a) English, b) French, c) Russian, d) German”

Individual survey, working with a map.

7/4

Distribution of the population and its migration.Project No. 6 “Explaining the causes of migration processes in Europe”

Individual survey, working with a map.

8/5

Rural and urban population.Pr/p#7 “Designation on the contour map of the largest agglomerations and megalopolises”

Individual survey, working with a map.

Topic 3. World natural resources and environmental problems (13 hours)

9/1

History of the relationship between nature and society

NM

Main types of natural resources. Distribution of natural resources and the scale of their use. Provision of natural resources. features of the use of different types of natural resources. rational and irrational use of natural resources.

Comprehensive geographical characteristics of the EGP, natural resources, and population of the People's Republic of China. Modern problems of development of China.

Comprehensive geographical characteristics of the EGP, natural resources, and population of India. Modern problems of the country's development.

Know: features of the location of the main types of natural resources, their main deposits and territorial combinations.

Be able to : determine and compare geographical trends in the development of natural, socio-economic and geo-ecological objects, processes and phenomena using different sources of information; assess and explain the resource availability of individual countries and regions of the world.

Know and understand basic concepts and terms on the topic. Assess and explain the demographic situation, territorial concentration of population and production, the phenomenon of the country’s development at the present stage.

Know and understand basic concepts and terms on the topic. Assess and explain the demographic situation, territorial concentration of population and production in India, achievements and modern problems of the state.

10/2

Nature management and environmental problems

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

11/3

Natural resources

NM

12/4

Mineral resources

NM

13/5

Ore and non-metallic minerals

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

14/6

Land resources

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

15/7

Forest resources

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map. Student messages.

16/8

Water resources

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

17/9

Resources of the World Ocean

NM

18/10

Other types of natural resources.Project No. 8 “Determining the provision of countries with various types of natural resources”

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map

19/11

Pollution environment

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map

20/12

Ways to solve environmental problems

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map

21/13

Generalization #1 on the topics “Geography of the World Population”, “World Natural Resources”

OKC

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map

Topic 4. World economy and scientific and technological revolution (2 hours)

22/1

International geographical division of labor and the world economy.Project No. 9 “Identification of countries exporting the main types of raw materials, industrial and agricultural products, various types of services”

NM

Scientific and technological revolution. features of the sectoral and territorial structure of the world economy, differences in the levels of economic development of countries and regions, changes in proportions between the production and non-production spheres, industry and agriculture.

Know: geographical features of the sectoral and territorial structure of the world economy, the location of its main industries.

Assess and explain the level of territorial concentration of production, the degree of natural, anthropogenic and man-made changes in individual territories.

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

23/2

The modern era of scientific and technological revolution and the world economy

NM

Student messages, working with the map.

Topic 5. Characteristics of sectors of the world economy (10 hours)

24/1

Fuel and energy industry

NM

Geography of the main industries and agriculture of the world, the main industrial and agricultural areas. Geography of world transport. Strengthening the role of the non-productive sector in the global economy. Geography foreign trade. Types of international economic relations.

Be able to characterize the oil, gas, and coal industries and their location around the globe. Compile a comprehensive geographical description.

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

25/2

Metallurgy

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

26/3

Mechanical engineering

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map. Student messages

27/4

Chemical, forestry and light industry

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map. Practical work

28/5

Agriculture. Agriculture and livestock farming.

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

29/6

Agriculture in developed and developing countries

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

30/7

Types of transport

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

31/8

Transport and the world economy

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

32/9

International economic relations

NM

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

33/10

Generalization #2 on the topics “World economy and scientific and technological revolution”, “Characteristics of sectors of the world economy”.Pr/p#10 “Drafting a test questionnaire on a topic”

OKC

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

Topic 6. Global problems of our time (1 hour)

34/1

Global problems and their interrelation.Pr/p#11 “Drawing up a diagram of “Mutual connections of global problems”

NM

The role of geography in solving global problems of humanity.

Know and understand basic concepts and terms on the topic. Assess and explain the causes and interrelationships of global problems of humanity

Individual, frontal survey, working with a map.

Practical work (according to V.I. Sirotin)

    The main stages of the formation of the political map of the world;

    Types of countries in the modern world;

    Compilation of economic and geographical characteristics of the country (Germany);

    Drawing up a map of industrial relations of various countries;

    Evidence of the presence of territorial imbalances in the economic development of countries and regions of the world;

    Compilation of comparative economic and geographical characteristics of the two countries;

    Comparative characteristics of developing countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America;

NOMENCLATURE

Foreign Europe

1. Northern Europe

Denmark – Copenhagen

Iceland – Reykjavik

Norway – Oslo

Finland – Helsinki

Sweden – Stockholm

2. Central Europe

Austria Vienna

Belgium – Brussels

Great Britain, London

Germany (FRG) – Berlin

Ireland – Dublin

Liechtenstein – Vaduz

Luxembourg – Luxembourg

Netherlands – Amsterdam

France Paris

Switzerland – Bern

3. Southern Europe

Andorra – Andorra La Vella

Vatican – Vatican

Greece – Athens

Spain Madrid

Italy Rome

Cyprus – Nicosia

Malta – Valletta

Monaco – Monaco

Portugal – Lisbon

San Marino – San Marino

4. Eastern Europe

Albania – Tirana

Belarus – Minsk

Bulgaria – Sofia

Bosnia and Herzegovina – Sarajevo

Hungary – Budapest

Latvia, Riga

Lithuania – Vilnius

Macedonia – Skopje

Moldova – Chisinau

Poland Warsaw

Russia Moscow

Romania – Bucharest

Serbia – Belgrade

Slovakia – Bratislava

Slovenia – Ljubljana

Ukraine, Kyiv

Croatia – Zagreb

Montenegro – Cetinje

Czech Republic, Prague

Estonia – Tallinn

Kosovo – Pristina

Foreign Asia

1. Southwest Asia

Afghanistan - Kabul

Bahrain – Manama

Israel – Tel Aviv

Iraq – Baghdad

Iran – Tehran

Jordan – Amman

Yemen – Sana'a

Qatar – Doha

Cyprus – Nicosia

Kuwait – Kuwait City

Lebanon – Beirut

UAE (United United Arab Emirates) - Abu Dhabi

Oman – Muscat

Saudi Arabia – Riyadh

Syria – Damascus

Türkiye – Ankara

Palestinian Territories - Ramallah

2. Central and East Asia

China – Beijing

DPRK (Korean People's Republic) Democratic Republic) – Pyongyang

Republic of Korea – Seoul

Mongolia – Ulaanbaatar

Japan Tokyo

3. South Asia

Bangladesh – Dhaka

Bhutan – Thimphu

India – Delhi

Maldives – Male

Nepal – Kathmandu

Pakistan – Islamabad

Sri Lanka – Colombo

4. Southeast Asia

Brunei – Bandar Seri Begawan

East Timor – Dili

Vietnam – Hanoi

Indonesia – Jakarta

Cambodia – Phnom Penh

Laos – Vientiane

Malaysia – Kuala Lumpur

Myanmar – Yangon

Singapore – Singapore

Thailand – Bangkok

Philippines – Manila

5. Countries of Transcaucasia and Central Asia

Azerbaijan, Baku

Armenia – Yerevan

Georgia, Tbilisi

Kazakhstan, Astana

Kyrgyzstan – Bishkek

Tajikistan – Dushanbe

Turkmenistan – Ashgabat

Uzbekistan – Tashkent

Abkhazia – Sukhumi

South Ossetia – Tskhinvali

America

I . North America

Canada – Ottawa

United States of America (USA) – Washington

II . Latin America

1. Central America

Belize – Belmopan

Guatemala - Guatemala

Honduras – Tegucigalpa

Costa Rica – San Jose

Mexico – Mexico City

Nicaragua – Managua

Panama – Panama

El Salvador – San Salvador

2. Caribbean countries (West Indies)

Antigua and Barbuda – St. John's

Bahamas – Nassau

Barbados – Bridgetown

Haiti – Port-au-Prince

Grenada – St. George's

Dominica – Roseau

Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo

Cuba – Havana

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Kingstown

Saint Kitts and Nevis – Basseterre

Trinidad and Tobago -

Port of Spain

3. Andean countries

Bolivia – La Paz

Venezuela – Caracas

Colombia – Santa Fe de Bogota

Peru – Lima

Chile – Santiago

Ecuador – Quito

4. Countries of the Amazon basin and La Plata lowland

Argentina – Buenos Aires

Brazil – Brasilia

Guyana – Georgetown

Paraguay – Asuncion

Suriname – Paramaribo

Uruguay – Montevideo

Africa

1. North Africa

Algiers – Algiers

Egypt – Cairo

Libya – Tripoli

Mauritania – Nouakchott

Morocco – Rabat

Tunisia – Tunisia

2. West Africa

Benin – Porto Novo

Burkina Faso – Ouagadougou

Gambia – Banjul

Ghana – Accra

Guinea – Conakry

Guinea-Bissau – Bissau

Cape Verde – Praia

Ivory Coast – Yamoussoukro

Liberia – Monrovia

Mali – Bamako

Niger – Niamey

Nigeria – Abuja

Senegal – Dakar

Sierra Leone – Freetown

Togo – Lome

3. Central Africa

Angola – Luanda

Gabon – Libreville

Cameroon – Yaounde

Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire) – Kinshasa

Congo – Brazzaville

Sao Tome and Principe – Sao Tome

Central African Republic (CAR) – Bangui

Chad – N'Djamena

Equatorial Guinea – Malabo

4. East Africa

Burundi – Bujumbura

Djibouti – Djibouti

Zambia – Lusaka

Kenya – Nairobi

Malawi – Lilongwe

Rwanda – Kigali

Somalia – Mogadishu

Sudan – Khartoum

Tanzania – Dodoma

Uganda – Kampala

Eritrea – Asmara

Ethiopia – Addis Ababa

South Sudan – Juba

5. South Africa

Botswana – Gabarone

Zimbabwe – Harare

Comoros – Moroni

Mauritius – Port Louis

Madagascar – Antananarivo

Mozambique – Maputo

Lesotho – Maseru

Namibia – Windhoek

Swaziland – Mbabane

Seychelles- Victoria

Republic of South Africa (RSA) – Pretoria

Australia and Oceania

Australia – Canberra

Vanuatu – Port Vila

Western Samoa - Apia

Kiribati – Bairiki

Marshall Islands – Majuro

Nauru – Yaren

New Zealand – Wellington

Palau – Koror

Papua New Guinea– Port Moresby

Solomon Islands – Honiara

Tonga – Nuku'alofa

Tuvalu – Funafuti

Federated States of Micronesia – Palikir

Fiji – Suva

Thematic planning for the course “Geography. Economic and social geography of the world" 11th grade

Practical

work

Types and forms of control, CMMs

Equipment

House. exercise

1.

2.

3.

Part 2: Regional World Overview

Topic 1. Political map of the world

Stages of PCM formation

Typology of countries of the world

Regions of the world and international organizations

3

1

1

1

1. The main stages of the formation of the political map of the world

2. Types of countries in the modern world

Testing, performing tasks on a contour map, nomenclature (review)

Political map of the world, textbook, atlas, workbook

P. 1 c.

Notebook entries

P. 2 c.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

Topic 2. Foreign Europe

Composition and GP

Nature and people

Farm

Internal differences

Federal Republic of Germany

Republic of Poland

6

1

1

1

1

1

1

3. Compilation of economic and geographical characteristics of the country (Germany)

Testing, performing tasks on a contour map, nomenclature, geographical dictation, LOC

Political map of the world, textbook, atlas, workbook, map “Overseas Europe”, silent RCM, presentations, LOK

P. 3 c.

P. 4 c.

P. 5th century k/k

P. 5th century, table

P. 6th century

P. 7th century LOC

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

Topic 3. Foreign Asia

GP and resources

Population and economy

Japan. SOEs, resources and population

Japanese economy

China. SOEs, resources and population

Chinese economy

Republic of India. SOEs, resources and population

Economy and internal differences of the Republic of India

8

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

4. Drawing up a map of industrial relations of various countries

Political map of the world, textbook, atlas, workbook, map “Foreign Asia”, silent RCM, presentations, LOK

P. 8th century

P. 9th century k/k

P. 10th century LOC

P. 11th century

P. 12th century LOC

P. 13th century

P. 14th century LOC

P. 15th century

18.

19.

20.

Topic 4. North America

USA. SOEs, resources and population

USA. Economy, internal differences

Canada

3

1

1

1

5. Compilation of comparative economic and geographical characteristics of two countries

Testing, performing tasks on a contour map, nomenclature, creative work, LOC

Political map of the world, textbook, atlas, workbook, maps of North America, USA, Canada, presentations, LOK

P. 16th century

P. 17th century k/k

P. 18th century LOC

21.

22.

23.

24.

Topic 5. Latin America

SOEs, resources and population

Economy and internal differences

Federative Republic of Brazil. SOEs, resources and population

Economy of Brazil

4

1

1

1

1

6. Proof of the presence of territorial imbalances in the economic development of countries and regions of the world

Testing, performing tasks on a contour map, nomenclature, creative work, LOC

Political map of the world, textbook, atlas, workbook, map of Latin America, silent RCM, presentations, LOK

P. 19th century

P. 20th century k/k

P. 21st century

P. 22 century

25.

26.

27.

28.

Topic 6. Africa

SOEs and natural resources

Population and economy

South Africa

Kenya

4

1

1

1

1

7. Comparative characteristics of developing countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America

Testing, performing tasks on a contour map, nomenclature, creative work, LOC

Political map of the world, textbook, atlas, workbook, map of "Africa", silent RCM, presentations, LOK

P. 23 c.

P. 24th century k/k

P. 25th century

P. 26th century

29.

30.

Topic 7. Australia and Oceania

Australia

Oceania

2

1

1

Testing, performing tasks on a contour map, nomenclature, creative work, LOC

Political map of the world, textbook, atlas, workbook, map of Australia, silent RCM, presentations, LOK

P. 27th century k/k

P. 28th century "business card"

31.

32.

Topic 8. Russia in the modern world

Economic and geographical history of Russia

Modern Russia

2

1

1

Testing, completing tasks on a contour map, creative work

Political map of the world, textbook, atlas, workbook, map " Russian Federation", presentations

P. 29th century

P. 30th century

33.

Semi-annual test

1

Testing

34.

Annual test

1

Testing

The sizes of industrial and mining icons on economic maps show their relative economic importance
Power plants are indicated by signs of two sizes, taking into account their power
Conventional signs placed in the legends of atlas maps are not included in this table.

A POLITICAL MAP OF THE WORLD.
Notes 1. The international legal regime of Antarctica and other territories located south of 60 south latitude is governed by the Antarctic Treaty of December 1, 1959.
2. The future of Western Sahara is subject to settlement in accordance with relevant UN decisions
3. The Falkland Islands (Malvinas) are a disputed territory between Argentina and Great Britain; is actually a British possession with its center at Port Stanley.
4. Palestinian territories (West Bank and Gaza Strip) occupied by Israel in 1967. Currently, as part of a peace settlement in the Middle East, the process of forming Palestinian self-government is underway.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONVENTIONAL SIGNS
A POLITICAL MAP OF THE WORLD
MINERAL RESOURCES
LAND RESOURCES
AGROCLIMATIC RESOURCES
WATER RESOURCES
RESOURCES OF THE WORLD OCEAN
FERTILITY OF THE POPULATION
MORTALITY RATE
NATURAL POPULATION GROWTH
POPULATION COMPOSITION BY GENDER
PEOPLES
POPULATION DENSITY
LEVEL OF URBANIZATION
ENERGY
FERROUS METALLURGY
NON-FERROUS METALLURGY
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND METAL WORKING
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
AGRICULTURE
TRANSPORT
INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND FINANCIAL RELATIONS
FOREIGN EUROPE. General geographic hag
FOREIGN EUROPE. Mineral resources
Peoples
FOREIGN EUROPE. Economic map
GERMANY. Administrative division
Ruhr industrial area
FOREIGN ASIA. General geographical map
FOREIGN ASIA. Economic map
SOUTHWEST ASIA. Economic map
CENTRAL AND EAST ASIA. Economic map
JAPAN. Economic map
SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA. Economic map
INDIA. Economic map
INDIA. Administrative division
Peoples
AFRICA. General geographical map
AFRICA. Economic map
NILE DELTA l
CAIRO PLAN
COPPER BELT IN CENTRAL AFRICA
WITWATERSRAND INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT
CANADA. USA. General geographical map
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Administrative division
Mineral resources
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Economic map
CANADA. Administrative division
Economic map
LATIN AMERICA. General geographical map
LATIN AMERICA. Economic map
AUSTRALIA. General geographic hag
Economic map
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE WORLD.


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  • Geography, 10th grade, Garibov Y., Alkhasov O., Huseynli Sh., Babaeva M., 2018
  • Geography, grades 10-11, Economic and social geography of the world, Regional characteristics of the world, Part 2, Domogatskikh E.M., Alekseevsky N.I., 2008
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