In Russian legislation, the definition of programs integrated development communal infrastructure systems are given in the Town Planning Code. Programs for the integrated development of communal infrastructure systems of a settlement or urban district are documents establishing lists of measures for the construction and reconstruction of electrical, gas, heat, water supply and sanitation systems, facilities used for recycling, neutralization and disposal of solid waste.

Such lists may include the following documents:

• schemes and programs for the development of a unified national (all-Russian) electrical network for the long term;
• general layout of electric power facilities;
• federal gasification program and corresponding interregional and regional gasification programs;
• heat supply schemes;
• water supply and sanitation schemes;
• programs in the field of waste management.

Programs for the integrated development of communal infrastructure systems of a settlement or urban district are developed and approved by local government bodies of the settlement or urban district on the basis of approved master plans.

They must ensure balanced, long-term development of communal infrastructure systems in accordance with the needs of the construction of capital construction projects and the reliability and energy efficiency of these systems that meet established requirements, reduce the negative impact on the environment and human health and improve the quality of goods supplied to consumers and services provided in in the areas of electricity, gas, heat, water supply and sanitation, as well as services for recycling, neutralization and disposal of solid waste.

The development of the program can be organized independently by local governments at the expense of funds local budget, and with the involvement of a developer through a competition. The development of part or all of the program can be financed by any organizations and individuals operating on the territory of the municipality.

Therefore, when planning the development of communal infrastructure, it is necessary to consider the urban development plans of each individual territory of the city as the starting point of this process. It is on the basis of these plans that it is necessary to formulate a forecast of demand for utility resources, which will subsequently form the basis for the formation of programs for the development and construction of sources of generation (production) of utility resources, as well as the development of the network infrastructure of utility infrastructure systems.

Planning for the development of the entire set of these systems in the relevant territory must be carried out in accordance with the norms of urban planning legislation and legislation in the field of tariff regulation (or rather, production and investment activities) organizations of the public utility complex.

Planning for the development of utility infrastructure systems is part of the master plan implementation plan. Based on the analysis of regulation of the development of communal infrastructure systems, the following main stages of planning can be distinguished:

1. development and approval of a program for the integrated development of all municipal infrastructure systems of the municipality;
2. preparation and approval of investment programs for specific organizations of the public utility complex that operate the relevant public infrastructure systems within the boundaries of a given municipality.

At the same time, the main goal of government influence on the process of development of communal infrastructure systems is to ensure the rapid development of communal infrastructure for the needs of housing construction.

To ensure planning for the development of communal infrastructure systems in a municipality, it is necessary to analyze the distribution of powers for the development of communal infrastructure systems between levels of government. According to current legislation, responsibility for the development of utility systems lies with local governments. Thus, to the powers of municipal authorities, according to the Federal Law “On general principles local government organizations in Russian Federation", relate:

• development and approval of programs for the integrated development of communal infrastructure systems in settlements and urban districts, the requirements for which are established by the Government of the Russian Federation;
• powers to organize heat supply provided for Federal law“On heat supply”;
• powers in the field of water supply and sanitation provided for by the Federal Law “On Water Supply and Sanitation”.

But at the same time, such important documents of complex programs as investment projects in the electric power industry, heat supply schemes for large cities are approved by the federal center, and individual projects are approved by the subject. Thus, local governments in this system are also assigned a coordinating role for organizing the interaction of program implementers and organizations of the public utility complex, resource supply organizations, and management companies.

The development of public infrastructure is a key aspect of urban development. If a municipality is not responsible for the development of municipal infrastructure, then it cannot implement urban development programs. Consequently, all work to expand utility systems to meet the needs of new users must be under the control of municipalities.

The next important issue in planning the development of utility infrastructure systems is the issue of ownership of new facilities. New communal infrastructure facilities can be either private or municipal property. However, it is necessary that the development of utility infrastructure be carried out by a utility complex organization that will subsequently operate these sections of the utility infrastructure. For example, if Electricity of the net Because cities are privately owned, their development should be carried out by the company operating these networks. If networks are built by the developer and remain his property, this creates additional problems in the operation of these systems.

To provide a new construction site with utilities, it is necessary to solve three main problems:

• construction of local (on-site) utility networks for connection to infrastructure utility systems;
• engineering support land plots for housing construction with the necessary infrastructure communications (development of backbone and distribution networks for the supply of resources);
• necessary development and modernization of generating capacities to provide resources to new consumers.

The first task is aimed at equipping the development site with utilities. These systems are connected to infrastructure communications - distribution and backbone networks through which utility resources will be supplied. Finally, connecting new users may require upgrading certain sections of the existing utility infrastructure (to increase throughput) and/or increasing capacity (upgrading generating capacities, constructing new water intakes, treatment facilities, etc.).

Authors teaching aid“State support for housing construction and the development of communal infrastructure systems” offer an optimal way, from the point of view of preserving the integrity of communal systems, of distributing responsibility for solving the three main tasks of developing and modernizing infrastructure for the needs of new construction, as well as ownership of newly built municipal infrastructure facilities, which is presented in table.

Distribution of responsibility for the development and modernization of infrastructure
Task	Executor	Own
Construction of local (on-site) utility networks for connection to infrastructure utility systems	Developer	Common share (homeowners)
Engineering provision of land plots for housing construction with the necessary infrastructure communications	utility company	Municipal/private
Necessary development and modernization of existing infrastructure utility systems to provide resources to new consumers	utility company	Municipal/private

As can be seen from the table, the main contractor is the utility company. Ownership of new facilities is formed depending on the existing structure of ownership of utility infrastructure facilities in a given municipality. The developer transfers ownership of local networks to residents through the sale of apartments. Residents hire a property management company to maintain these networks.

There are three main sources of funding to achieve the above objectives:

1. payment by developers (home buyers);
2. payment by all consumers through the inclusion of relevant costs in tariffs for public utilities;
3. payment from the budgets of various levels of government, primarily municipal.

In the first case, payment can be made by shifting all costs for the development and modernization of communal infrastructure for the needs of new housing construction to developers. This can be done by including the cost of infrastructure development in the cost land plot for development or through the transfer by the developer of a separate payment to a utility company or municipality.

In the second case, all costs for the development of utility infrastructure are included in the utility tariff. Thus, the cost of development is completely passed on to existing consumers.

In the third case, direct budget financing is provided. As a result, neither developers nor existing consumers pay for the development of utility infrastructure.

Raised funds (loans, targeted investments, etc.) are also a source of financing. However, their return in any case will be made through one of the above sources, and therefore the funds raised are not considered as the main source of financing.

Approval of the master plan of a municipality requires, in turn, the adoption of an implementation plan of this document territorial planning. With regard to the development of municipal infrastructure, the implementation plan contains information on the expected volumes and territories of residential and industrial construction. Based on this information, it is possible to predict the location of new consumers of utility resources and the volumes of loads they request.

However, the implementation plan does not contain specific sources and subjects for the development of communal infrastructure systems, which are determined in the program for the integrated development of communal infrastructure systems, developed on the basis of the plan for the implementation of territorial planning documents - the master plan, as well as approved land use and development rules. The plan is a detailed list of activities for the development of all necessary public infrastructure systems of the relevant municipality for a period, as a rule, coinciding with the period of validity of the master plan implementation plan, i.e. for five years.

Comprehensive program involves the interconnection of individual public infrastructure systems. In order for a boiler room to operate, it must have fuel. This means that a gas pipeline needs to be connected to it by the time its construction is completed. In order for water to move through pipes, pumping stations are needed that consume electricity. This means that the construction of pipelines must be synchronized with the construction of power transmission lines to pumping stations. In order to provide a home with hot water, the water supply company must prepare and deliver water to the house, and the heat supply company must have sufficient thermal energy to make this water hot. Therefore, the comprehensive development of all communal infrastructure systems is extremely important.

Thus, the main goal of the program is the comprehensive development of municipal infrastructure systems in accordance with the needs of housing and industrial construction. It is recommended that the long-term period for which the program is being developed be close to the period for which the territorial planning documents were developed. In this case, several periods can be identified with different levels of detail for the development of program projects. In accordance with the recommendations of the Ministry regional development Russian Federation, the program for the integrated development of utility infrastructure systems includes, in addition to the program document itself, supporting materials for it, which include promising resource supply schemes.

The program document consists of the following main sections:

1. Program passport.
2. Characteristics of the existing state of communal infrastructure.
3. Prospects for the development of the municipality and forecast of demand for utility resources.
4. A program of investment projects that ensure the achievement of target indicators.
5. Sources of investment, tariffs and availability of the program for the population.
6. Program management.

Prospects for the development of the municipality and the forecast of demand for utilities are a fairly important part of the program, which contains the following information about the promising indicators of the development of the municipality and the forecast of demand for utilities. The list of recommended long-term indicators includes: population dynamics, dynamics of commissioning, demolition and overhaul apartment buildings, dynamics of private residential development, areas of budgetary organizations, administrative and commercial buildings, projected changes in industry for the entire period of program development, highlighting the stages.

It is recommended to provide forecast indicators for demand for utility services for each type of utility service (electricity, heat for heating, hot water, steam for technological needs, gas, cold water, sewerage, solid waste removal) and for each type of connected load (electric load, heating, for gas, hot and cold water supply, sanitation) with details by consumer groups (apartment buildings, private residential buildings, budgetary organizations, administrative and commercial buildings, industry) for the entire period of program development, highlighting the stages.

At the same time, the comprehensive program includes all investment projects for the development of the municipal infrastructure system (electricity, heat, gas and water supply, water disposal, disposal (disposal) of solid waste), as well as a program for installing metering devices in apartment buildings And budgetary organizations and a program for the implementation of energy-saving measures in apartment buildings, budgetary organizations, and city lighting. The technical justification for the program of investment projects and the assessment of the necessary investments in a particular resource supply system is a promising resource supply scheme. Thus, an integrated approach to the development of utility infrastructure systems is provided.

It is recommended to include the following sections in the supporting materials for the program:

1. Prospective indicators of municipal development for program development.
2. Prospective indicators of demand for utility resources.
3. Characteristics of the state and problems of communal infrastructure.
4. Characteristics of the state and problems in the implementation of energy and resource conservation and accounting and collection of information.
5. Target indicators for the development of communal infrastructure.
6. Perspective schemes for electricity, heat and water supply of the municipality.
7. Prospective scheme for solid waste management.
8. General program of projects.
9. Financial requirements for program implementation.
10. Organization of project implementation.
11. Investment project programs, tariff and fee (tariff) for connection (connection).
12. Forecasting household expenditures on utilities, budget expenditures on social support and subsidies, checking the affordability of utility tariffs.
13. Model for calculating the program.

It should be emphasized that for each group of projects, a justification of sources of financing is provided for the entire forecast period, including budgets of different levels, loans (indicating their conditions and preliminary agreements with banks), funds from private investors (including under a concession agreement). Moreover, calculations of total and investment costs are provided for each organization that has projects and tariff levels are assessed, as well as the amount of fees for connection (connection) to utility infrastructure systems.

But special attention in the section characterizing the financial needs for the implementation of the program is paid to assessing the effects of project implementation. Checking the availability of tariffs for each year of the program implementation period is a necessary condition for its acceptance. And if the program does not meet one or more accessibility criteria, the program is adjusted.

The program can be adjusted in one or more ways:

• changing the procedure for implementing the program in order to reduce total costs;
• changing sources of financing by increasing the share of budget sources;
• changing the composition of the long-term program.

The main items of information necessary for developing the program:

• forecast of population size and composition;
• forecast of household incomes and assessment of total payments for utilities;
• the planned total volume of commissioning of housing and industrial construction projects for the period of implementation of the developed program;
• development forecast;
• list of land plots formed and provided for the construction of real estate in previous periods, during the program development period, as well as during the forecast period;
• technical characteristics of the buildings being constructed;
• the maximum planned load of these sites, buildings, structures and structures for each type of provided utility resources.

It is obvious that the program for the comprehensive development of municipal infrastructure is based on forecast parameters and should ensure construction according to the scenario of maximum volumes. Therefore, the more reliable the information and forecasts regarding construction are, the lower will be the risk of implementing utility infrastructure projects, and therefore their cost.

The program for the comprehensive development of communal infrastructure systems is developed by the local government and approved by the representative body of the municipality. Before approval, the developed program must be agreed with executive bodies authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation on whose territory the municipal entity hosting this program is located.

When discussing programs for the comprehensive development of municipal infrastructure, the question arises as to whether there should be such programs in every municipality. As the team of authors of the textbook “State Support for Housing Construction and Development of Communal Infrastructure” emphasizes, such a program is relevant for dynamically developing cities with significant volumes of housing construction. But if the city is depressed, with a declining population, and no prospects for development, then the program is unlikely to help. The money spent on its development will be wasted.

Separate consideration should be given to whether such programs should be developed for small municipalities, where utility systems, as a rule, are not represented in all their variety and are not so technically complex. Therefore, there is no complex problem of complexity and consistency of their development. But the Town Planning Code takes a different approach. If there are master plans for settlements and master plans for urban districts, programs for the integrated development of communal infrastructure systems must be developed and approved.

Thus, programs for the integrated development of communal infrastructure systems in settlements and urban districts are developed by local government bodies and are subject to approval by representative bodies of local self-government within six months from the date of approval of the master plans of the relevant settlements and urban districts.

The exception applies only to rural settlements if there is no need to prepare a master plan - a comprehensive development program is not subject to development and approval. The representative body of local self-government of a rural settlement has the right to decide that there is no need to prepare its master plan and to prepare land use and development rules if the following conditions are met:

1. there is no change in the existing use of the territory of this settlement and there is no approved program for its comprehensive social economic development;
2. territorial planning documents of the Russian Federation, subject, territorial planning documents of a municipal district do not provide for the placement of objects of federal significance, objects of regional significance, objects of local significance of a municipal district on the territory of this settlement.

The next question is whether all likely construction sites should be included. Following the logic of the program, the program should include all objects of probable construction (if this probability is high enough), including all industrial objects that will use at least certain components of the municipal infrastructure (for example, electricity supply).

The implementation of the program for the comprehensive development of utility infrastructure systems is carried out in stages. The first stage includes the implementation of projects for a 2-3-year period, then forecasts for the construction and reconstruction of residential and industrial construction projects for the next period of program implementation, the loads associated with connecting to utility infrastructure systems are clarified, and on the basis of this, planned investment investments are accepted and implemented projects of public utility organizations.

Thus, comprehensive programs for the development of municipal infrastructure make it possible to synchronize in time the construction of construction and development projects and individual components of the municipal infrastructure, as well as to carry out the modernization of existing facilities. Placing a comprehensive development program on official websites and publishing it makes it possible to involve the public and all interested organizations in discussing the prospects for the development of the territory and creates the basis for planning the development of systems for the long term. At the same time, risks for public utility organizations are reduced.

1

The work highlights the specific characteristics of housing utilities, which determine the features of industry development planning. The authors analyzed the current program documents for the development of housing and communal services in the Trans-Baikal Territory in the aspect of energy saving. Analytical data, current state housing and communal services of the country and regions confirm the need for economic and organizational reforms in the system strategic planning development of housing and communal services in the region, taking into account the provisions of the federal law “On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”. Solving the existing problems of the industry is possible with the formation of a planning system that fully reflects the specifics of this field of activity. In the current conditions, there is a need to develop documents that define the prospects for the development of the industry, designed to ensure the modernization of housing and communal services infrastructure, improve the reliability and quality of services provided, and ensure high efficiency of the industry's enterprises.

Department of Housing and Utilities

strategic planning

target indicators

housing and communal services management system

energy saving

1. Housing sector in Russia. 2013: Stat. Sat./Rosstat. – Zh72 M., 2013. – 286 p. URL: http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b13_62/Main.html (access date: 08/04/2014).

2. Law of the Trans-Baikal Territory No. 611-ZZK of December 23, 2011 “On the budget of the Trans-Baikal Territory for 2012 and the planning period of 2013 and 2014.” URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/922224968 (date of access: 10/15/2014).

3. On amendments to the Program for the integrated development of communal infrastructure systems of the urban district “City of Chita” for 2011–2015, approved by the decision of the Duma of the urban district “City of Chita” dated November 18, 2010 No. 186 [ Electronic resource] // URL: admin.chita.ru›files…programma_2011–2015_gg.doc (access date: 03/15/2014).

4. Resolution of the Mayor of Chita dated June 21, 2010 No. 82 “On approval of the municipal program “Energy saving and increasing energy efficiency in the urban district “City of Chita” for 2011–2020” [Electronic resource] // URL: housing and communal services-chita. рф/backend/redactor/file_download.php?file (date of access: 06/25/2014).

5. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 31, 2009 No. 1225 “On the requirements for regional and municipal programs in the field of energy saving and increasing energy efficiency” [Electronic resource] // Internet portal of Russian Newspaper. URL: http://www.rg.ru/2010/04/16/energ-site-dok.html (access date: 08/05/2013).

6. The state of housing and communal services in the Trans-Baikal Territory, analytical journal / Zabaikalkraistat. – Chita, 2013. – 38 p.

7. Federal Law of the Russian Federation of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ “On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation” // Russian newspaper. 2014. – 3

The development of housing and communal services (HCS) in the region at the present stage involves the use of economic mechanisms and incentives, taking into account the interests of consumers and producers. The solution to this problem is possible through the formation of a system of strategic planning for the development of housing and communal services, which most fully reflects the specifics of this field of activity. In the current conditions, there is a need to develop documents that define the prospects for the development of the industry, designed to ensure the modernization of housing and communal services infrastructure, improve the reliability and quality of services provided, and ensure high efficiency of the industry's enterprises by reducing the costs of producing services. The housing and communal services management mechanism should not be administrative-departmental, but indicative (guiding) in nature. The article highlights the priorities for improving this management mechanism.

Housing and communal services (HCS) is one of the socially significant sectors of the country's economy. Unlike most types economic activity Housing and communal services are largely financed by the state. Thus, in 2012, the expenditures of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation on housing and communal services amounted to 1075.0 billion rubles, which amounted to 4.6% of the budget or 1.7% of GDP. On the other hand, the cost of paying for housing and utilities is one of the significant items of expenditure for the population. In 2012 they accounted for 8.8% consumer spending households in Russia.

At the same time, the development of housing and communal services is associated with many problems. For many years, the industry in Russia has been chronically unprofitable. The total losses (profit minus loss) of housing and communal services enterprises in Russia amounted to 3,714 million rubles in 2012. Many enterprises in the industry are also unprofitable. In 2012, the share of unprofitable organizations engaged in managing the operation of the housing stock was 36.1%. In 17 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, including the Trans-Baikal Territory, the share of such housing and communal services enterprises is at least 60%.

The level of services provided and, as a consequence, the quality of life of the population directly depends on the success of the functioning of housing and communal services enterprises. The importance of the industry for the economy and social sphere determines the need government regulation industry activities, including the development and implementation of strategic documents for the development of housing and communal services.

The development of housing and communal services (HCS) is largely determined by the specifics of the industry. Firstly, housing and communal services are one of the few activities whose products are used both in the production sectors of the economy and in the non-production sphere.

Secondly, enterprises in this industry are mostly monopolists. This applies, first of all, to organizations providing heat generation and heat supply services, which is due to the specifics of the relevant technological processes.

Thirdly, enterprises in the industry, due to their specific nature, do not have the opportunity to expand the range, modify, improve quality characteristics and increase product sales volumes.

Fourthly, in Russia, the majority of housing and communal services enterprises have fixed assets with a high and even critical level of wear and tear, are chronically unprofitable and, as a consequence, unattractive for investment.

Fifthly, unlike many industries, the products of which can move in space and, accordingly, be sold in different regions, housing and communal services enterprises stand out for their strict attachment to a specific territory and the corresponding consumers. Because of this, management of the development of this industry has clearly defined territorial aspects.

These factors determine the features of management and strategic planning for the development of the industry. The high social significance of the industry as a producer of services to the population along with natural monopoly determines the need for state regulation of the activities of housing and communal services enterprises, including control over tariffs and the quality of services provided. Making profit as the main goal commercial organizations, with limited opportunities for increasing the volume of products and expanding their range for enterprises in the industry, it is transformed into a desire to minimize costs. Thus, issues of resource conservation, primarily energy conservation, become key. The task of attracting additional investment in the industry determines the need to increase its attractiveness, ensure guaranteed receipt of acceptable profits and payback in the long term, which determines the relevance of strategic planning for the development of housing and communal services.

Due to natural, climatic and geographical factors The most difficult conditions for the activities of housing and communal services are characterized by the northern, Siberian and Far Eastern regions of Russia. The harsh climate initially determines increased requirements for heating industrial and residential premises, which leads to higher budget expenses for the functioning of housing and communal services. For example, expenses of the consolidated budget of the Trans-Baikal Territory for housing and communal services amounted to 2885.7 million rubles in 2012. or 6.48% of the region's budget.

In addition, in these regions, as a rule, there is a high and even critical level of depreciation of fixed assets. For example, the level of wear and tear of communal infrastructure in the Trans-Baikal Territory averages 65-70%. Technological backwardness and lack of equipment of housing and communal services enterprises in the region are the main factors that have a negative impact on the activities of housing and communal services and the quality of provision of utility services. The deterioration of networks continues to increase: if in 2000, 328.8 km, or 18.1% of heat and steam networks needed replacement, then in 2012 - already 637.9 km (31.1% of the total length), of Of these, 569.9 km of networks were classified as “dilapidated”.

The most difficult situation has developed in the city of Chita, where JSC TGC-14 maintains 80.8 km of main heating networks and 333 km of intra-block heating networks (VKTS). Wherein regulatory period During 25 years of operation, 61.4 km of main heating networks (76%) and 201 km of intra-block heating networks (60.5%) were exhausted, which is responsible for the significant increase in accident rates in heating networks.

Overall for technical condition Municipal infrastructure facilities of the Trans-Baikal Territory are characterized by a high level of wear and tear of fixed production assets; high losses of energy resources due to the operation of outdated technological equipment; high cost of production of utility resources due to excess consumption, the presence of irrationally functioning costly technologies and low installed capacity utilization factor.

Increasing the efficiency of housing and communal services enterprises in the current conditions is impossible without the active participation of the state, which consists, on the one hand, in financing the industry due to its high importance for the economy and social sphere, and secondly, in establishing clear and transparent rules of the “game” in the market housing and communal services. In the housing and communal services sector, 3 types of development management entities can be distinguished depending on the level: federal, regional and municipal (see Table 1).

Table 1

Subjects of management of housing and communal services development in the Trans-Baikal Territory

	Levels of Management	Name of department, authority	Powers, functions
	Federal	Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services Russian Federation - Department of Housing and Public Utilities, Energy Saving and Energy Efficiency Improvement	legal regulation in the field of housing and communal services, heat supply, and in the field of ensuring energy efficiency housing stock, buildings, structures
		Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation	legal regulation in the field of energy saving and increasing energy efficiency
		Federal Tariff Service	state regulation of prices (tariffs) in the electric power industry
	Regional	Ministry of Territorial Development of the Trans-Baikal Territory - Housing and communal services department	management in the field housing relations and promoting housing and communal services reform
		Regional service and pricing according to tariffs of the Trans-Baikal Territory	state regulation of tariffs for electrical and thermal energy, water supply and sanitation, for the services of public utility organizations
	Municipal	Housing and Communal Services Committee of the City District Administration "City of Chita"	regulation of the functioning of municipal housing stock, facilities, structures and networks of municipal engineering infrastructure

Due to the clearly expressed territorial specificity at the federal level, management of the development of housing and communal services is focused mainly on solving the issues of forming normative legislative framework, financing of large investment projects, state regulation of tariffs, methodological support for the industry, increasing the efficiency of enterprises, resource saving, incl. energy saving, etc. The main document that determined the prospects for the development of the industry was the Concept of the federal target program “Comprehensive program for the modernization and reform of housing and communal services for 2010-2020”, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 2, 2010 No. 102-r. It presented target indicators and indicators, as well as maximum (forecast) amounts of financing in the main areas and sources. The program itself was never developed. Moreover, by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 21, 2012 No. 1491-r, the above order, which approved the Concept, was declared invalid.

The key level of strategic planning for the development of housing and communal services is regional. At the level of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, specific decisions are made, programs and investment projects are developed. Due to the complexity of the tasks facing housing and communal services enterprises in the region, when strategically planning the development of the industry, they should be considered in connection with the municipal level, with functional programs (projects), as well as with the activities of related industries, for example, construction.

Let's consider the current system of strategic planning for the development of housing and communal services in the region using the example of program documents related to housing and communal services and energy saving in the Trans-Baikal Territory and the city of Chita:

I.Subprogram “Modernization of municipal infrastructure facilities”state program“State regulation of territorial development of the Trans-Baikal Territory” (2014-2020) is aimed at reducing the level of wear and tear of municipal infrastructure from 54% in 2014 to 51% in 2020. It should be noted that in the appendix, when describing the list of main indicators for the subprogram, there are no target indicators corresponding to the assigned tasks.

II.Regional long-termtarget program “Energy saving and increasing energy efficiency in the Trans-Baikal Territory (2014-2020)” is aimed at creating conditions for increasing the efficiency of use energy resources in the Transbaikal region. The program provides for a reduction in the energy intensity of gross regional product; reducing the ratio of expenses for the acquisition of energy resources to the volume of GRP to 21.1%; ensuring coverage of the consumption of energy resources by metering devices in terms of consumption: electrical energy - at the level of 100%; thermal energy - increase up to 82%; cold and hot water - up to 100%. The disadvantages of the program include the lack of target values ​​specified in Government Decree No. 1225 of December 31, 2009 “On the requirements for regional and municipal programs in the field of energy saving and increasing energy efficiency.”

III.Program for the comprehensive development of municipal infrastructure systemsurban district "City of Chita" for 2011-2015. is aimed at reducing the cost of utilities by reducing the cost of their production and introducing resource-saving technologies. Program targets:

• increasing the capacity of the water supply system by 49 thousand m3/day.
• increasing the capacity of the drainage system by 49.5 thousand m 3 / day.
• construction of 27 km of new heating networks and reconstruction narrow areas heating networks in order to provide reserve power to the thermal power plant and increase the connected capacity of the heating system by 120 Gcal/hour.
• increase in power supply reliability by 92%;
• security electrical power Siberian water intake.

When describing target indicators in the program, their list includes tasks and planned actions, which indicates that the document is incorrect. Many forecast indicators are overly optimistic. For example, for the Chita CHPP-1 it is expected that the number of gusts will decrease exactly 2 times - from 420 in 2011 to 210 in 2015, and the number of damages - from 26567 to 13283. In addition, according to the efficiency indicators of production and transportation of resources in 2015 For all boiler houses in Chita, a single value for the percentage of losses in networks is set - 8%.

IV.“Energy saving and increasing energy efficiency in the urban district “City of Chita” for 2011-2020” pursues next goal- increasing the efficiency of energy use and gradually reducing the volume of energy consumption in the urban district “City of Chita”. Successful implementation of the Program will ensure that the housing stock is equipped with commercial heat metering up to 100%; create the necessary conditions for a gradual reduction in specific heat energy consumption in the residential sector from 0.627 Gcal to 0.602 Gcal, in public sector- from 0.318 to 0.279 Gcal; reduce cold water consumption by 9% by reducing unproductive losses and improving the quality of services provided; ensure 100% accounting of energy and water consumption in the public sector.

In general, the analysis made it possible to conclude that there is no integrated approach to the formation targeted programs. Firstly, in regional programs ah, in fact, the program-target approach, which consists in a clear and specific expression of the goal, is ignored. The absence of target indicator values ​​leads to vagueness and vagueness of the tasks set in the programs. Secondly, the strategic planning documents for the development of housing and communal services do not reflect the process of monitoring their implementation, including the procedure for familiarizing themselves with the results of program implementation. The latter is very important for the population due to the high social importance of housing and communal services. Thirdly, regional and municipal programs are not coordinated in time, which significantly complicates the process of strategic planning for industry development.

In our opinion, one of the reasons hindering the implementation of organizational measures in the housing and communal services sector, and in particular in the heat and power industry, was the insufficient and outdated regulatory legal framework for strategic planning. The Federal Law of July 20, 1995 No. 115-FZ “On state forecasting and programs for socio-economic development of the Russian Federation” was replaced by the Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ “On strategic planning in the Russian Federation”.

The new law establishes legal basis strategic planning in the country, coordination of state and municipal strategic management and budget policy, the powers of federal government bodies, government bodies of constituent entities, local governments and the procedure for their interaction with public, scientific and other organizations in the field of strategic planning, also regulates the relationships that arise between participants in strategic planning in the process of goal setting, forecasting, planning and programming socially -economic development of the country, constituent entities and municipalities, sectors of the economy and spheres of state and municipal government, ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation, as well as monitoring and control of the implementation of strategic planning documents.

As part of goal setting, forecasting, planning and programming at the federal level, the following will be developed:

• strategy for socio-economic development of the Russian Federation;
• long-term and medium term forecasts socio-economic development;
• sectoral documents of strategic planning of the Russian Federation;
• state programs of the Russian Federation.

In our opinion, of the above documents, the most important for the development of the housing and communal services sector in the region will be state programs, which include subprograms containing, among other things, departmental target programs and individual activities of government bodies.

Due to its strict attachment to a specific territory, the bulk of the work on developing strategic planning documents for the development of housing and communal services will be carried out at the regional and municipal levels. To such documents new law refers:

• Forecast of socio-economic development of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, which reflects the main development indicators for certain species economic activity, indicators of the development of transport and energy infrastructure for the long term, taking into account the implementation of activities provided for by state programs of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
• State programs of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation are developed in accordance with the priorities of socio-economic development, defined by the strategy of socio-economic development of the subject, taking into account sectoral documents of strategic planning of the Russian Federation and strategies for the socio-economic development of macroregions.
• Municipal program- a strategic planning document containing a set of planned activities, interconnected in terms of tasks, implementation deadlines, performers and resources and ensuring the most effective achievement of goals and solving problems of socio-economic development of the municipality;

In accordance with the federal law “On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation,” the formation of strategic planning documents consists of 3 stages (see Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Stages of formation of strategic planning documents

Since the main planning issues are resolved through the relationship between the subjects of the country and the Government, it is necessary to consider the applied and possible algorithms for the relationship between levels of management.

Rice. 2. Relationships in the process of planning the socio-economic development of the country

Direct implementation of strategies on state level and plans in the development of the country occurs through the action of corporations (enterprises), through government programs, as well as through regional plans and programs. Moreover, both enterprises and regional structures can be active participants in the formation of strategic planning documents for the country. It should be noted that program development cannot be carried out separately from budgeting processes.

Our analysis of programs for the development and modernization of housing and communal services shows the presence of many shortcomings in them; target guidelines require clarification and do not always correspond to reality. The development of housing and communal services is unacceptable without careful development of strategic planning documents. When developing documents for strategic planning for the development of housing and communal services within the country and region in accordance with the above law, one should take into account the wide variety of regional features associated with administrative, regulatory, climatic, technological differences and the size of the territories of municipalities, and it is also necessary to have a high interest of the relevant structures at each level of management for the effective implementation of future development programs.

Reviewers:

Potapov L.V., Doctor of Economics, Professor, Leading Researcher of the Buryat Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude;

Malyshev E.A., Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Economics and accounting Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Transbaikal State University", Chita.

Bibliographic link

Dondokov Z.B., Badmazhapova Zh.E. STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SECTORS OF THE REGION: FEATURES, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS // Contemporary issues science and education. – 2014. – No. 6.;
URL: http://science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=15291 (access date: 09/05/2019). We bring to your attention magazines published by the publishing house "Academy of Natural Sciences"

Department of Housing and Utilities is a basic sphere of the economy that directly determines the quality of life and well-being of the population, as well as the conditions for the development of all types of economic activity. The main directions of reform changes were: transfer of the utility industry to market relations, attraction of private business, formation of the institution of an effective owner. Currently, housing and communal services enterprises operate in the territory of the Gatchina municipal district in the provision of housing services(Municipal Unitary Enterprise Housing and Communal Services of Gatchina, Municipal Unitary Enterprise Housing and Communal Services of Kommunar, Municipal Unitary Enterprise Housing and Communal Services Siversky, LLC Management Company Housing and Communal Services No. 1 and LLC Management Company"Vozrozhdenie" in the Gatchina district) and in the provision of utilities (Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Heating Networks" and MUP "Vodokanal" in Gatchina, MP "ZhKS" in Kommunar, JSC "Utility Systems of the Gatchina District" in the Gatchina District), which serve the entire territory of the municipality.

Currently, a number of strategic documents at the federal and regional levels have been developed that set guidelines for the reform and development of the housing and communal services sector, and a draft “Strategy for the development of housing and communal services in the Russian Federation until 2020” has been prepared. The sphere of housing and communal services includes the following main areas:

Carrying out activities aimed at improving living conditions;

Carrying out regulated activities in the field of supply of utility resources (provision of utility services).

Issues of development of housing and communal services, including the increase in tariffs for housing and communal services and problems of maintaining the housing stock are perceived by the population as the most pressing personal problems.

Dynamics of volumes housing construction characterized by steady growth. According to Petrostat, in 2014, a total (usable) area of ​​123.8 thousand sq.m. was commissioned in the Gatchina municipal district. The growth rate by 2013 was 96%. Behind reporting period apartments commissioned - 1512 units. On commissioning of the total (useful) area in 2014, Gatchina municipal district takes 3rd place By Leningrad region.

The Gatchina municipal district is one of the largest, dynamically developing districts in the field of construction in the Leningrad region. The GMR construction complex shows stability in investment activity and volumes of commercial, industrial and residential construction. Housing construction (multi-apartment residential buildings) is most intensively carried out in Gatchina, Kommunar (low-rise residential complex), Maloye Verevo, Malye Kolpany, Nizhnyaya (low-rise residential complex “Golden Keys”, Taitskoye urban settlement), Tervolovo, Pudost (Kivennapa).

The average level of housing provision for the population in the Gatchina municipal district is quite high - 28.2 sq.m./person. In general, in the municipal district the housing stock is represented by almost 40% of individual residential buildings, and 60% by multi-apartment residential buildings. The average annual housing construction index is 101.5%. The level of depreciation of the housing stock is growing slightly (up to 46% on average for the municipal area). Officially registered dilapidated and dilapidated housing stock is within the permissible limits: it is 0.6% of the total area of ​​the housing stock.

Table 25.

Characteristics of the housing stock

	01.01.	01.01.	01.01.	01.01.	01.01.	2015 as a percentage of 2011
	5919,39	6028,37	6166,72	6245,67	6272,91	106,0
including individual housing construction	2260,84	2339,68	2452,44	2460,39	2455,73	108,6
	3658,55	3688,69	3714,24	3785,28	3817,18	104,3
	28,1	28,9	29,1	29,3	28,19	100,3
						89,4
	43,8	43,9	43,9	43,9	45,96	104,9
	20,5	20,39	18,3	22,54	20,03	97,7
	37,375	20,92	20,1	17,04	17,03	45,6
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
Total area of ​​housing stock, thousand sq.m	1966,5	1996,5	1999,9	2051,2	2059,38	104,7
including individual housing construction	162,5	163,2	161,9	161,9	161,9	99,6
including in apartment buildings residential buildings		1833,2		1889,4	1897,48	105,2
Average level housing supply, sq.m./person.	21,1	21,2	20,95	21,3	21,38	101,3
Number of citizens registered and in need of improved housing conditions, people.						74,3
Depreciation level of housing stock, %	44,03		41,2			93,1
Emergency housing stock, thousand sq.m.	0,755	n/a	1,2	1,2	2,3	304,6
Dilapidated housing stock, thousand sq.m.	15,229	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

The dynamics of the main parameters of engineering networks for heat supply, water supply and sanitation are presented below in Table. 26.

Table 26.

Comparative characteristics indicators of the municipal infrastructure of the Gatchina municipal district and the Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"

Indicator, unit of measurement	Gatchina municipal district	Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
Total	in % of GMR
			21,6
including those in need of replacement and repair, m
Number of heat supply sources, units			14,3
	285062,4		41,8
	(44,9 %)	38000 (31,9 %)	29,7
			35,6
including those in need of replacement, m (% of total length)	(64,4 %)	118570 (71 %)	39,3
			31,6
including those in need of replacement, m (% of total length)	340785 (70,4 %)	207 (0,1 %)	0,1

Communal infrastructure characterized by a significant level of depreciation of fixed assets heating, water supply and sanitation . The outdated system of public utility infrastructure of the Gatchina municipal district does not allow compliance with the requirements for the quality of public services supplied to consumers.

The depreciation of fixed assets in the field of water supply and sanitation as of the beginning of 2014 is over 80%, including sewerage treatment facilities - more than 85%. As a result of the high degree of wear and tear of equipment and networks, the number of failures and accidents in heat supply, water supply and sanitation systems practically does not decrease, which is about 220 and 280 per year per 1000 km of networks, respectively. One of the main problems remains the lack or complete absence of modern treatment facilities in urban and rural settlements of the Gatchina municipal region. The share of wastewater treated to standard values ​​in the total volume of wastewater passed through treatment facilities does not exceed 40%.

The lack of noticeable positive results in improving the technical condition of fixed assets and increasing the efficiency of the public utility infrastructure system is associated with an acute lack of investment.

Currently there is an insufficient level gasification of populated areas Gatchina municipal district with natural gas. As of July 1, 2014, the level of gasification with natural gas is 68.7%. Currently, the number of non-gasified settlements in the Gatchina municipal district is 177 out of 240. Gasification problems are largely related to the fact that gasification facilities are private sector, small settlements, located in spots over a large territory. This entails significant costs for laying main and inter-settlement gas pipelines.

In order to ensure rational use of energy resources Since 2010, on the territory of the Gatchina municipal district, work has been carried out to implement the Federal Law of November 23, 2009 No. 261 - Federal Law “On Energy Saving and Increasing Energy Efficiency”.

Table 27.

Communal sphere	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2014 as a percentage of 2009
	Single length of street gas network, m
Gatchina municipal district							152,1
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							130,1
	25,2	21,0	20,2	20,8	19,4	21,6
	Length of heat and steam networks in two-pipe calculation, m
Gatchina municipal district				285062,4	285062,4	285062,4	98,3
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							84,0
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	48,9	49,1	48,4	41,8	41,8	41,8
	including those in need of replacement, m
Gatchina municipal district							104,4
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							88,3
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	35,1	35,5	32,8	31,2	31,3	29,7
	Length of heating and steam networks that were replaced and repaired during reporting year, m
Gatchina municipal district							132,5
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							96,3
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	53,6	37,9	36,4	37,1	35,3	39,0
	Single length of street water supply network, m
Gatchina municipal district							156,2
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							176,1
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	31,6	32,9	27,2	35,8	35,6	35,6
Gatchina municipal district							145,9
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							166,2
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	31,4	33,4	25,3	36,5	29,4	35,8
	Single length of street water supply network, which was replaced and repaired during the reporting year, m
Gatchina municipal district							20,7
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	0,5	2,1	1,9	24,3	12,6	58,4
	Single length of street sewer network, m
Gatchina municipal district							181,2
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							396,0
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	15,7	15,7	11,7	34,3	34,3	34,3
	including those in need of replacement, m
Gatchina municipal district							178,1
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							474,1
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	15,9	15,8	13,2	40,1	40,0	42,4
	Single length of street sewer network, which was replaced and repaired during the reporting year, m
Gatchina municipal district		1231,1					328,1
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"							86,6
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina" as a percentage of GMR	41,5	21,9	7,0	64,6	2,7	11,0

To problems related to functioning and development transport infrastructure condition should be attributed highways local significance of the Gatchina municipal district (including artificial road structures, development elements). Within the boundaries of the Gatchina municipal district, the length of federal highways is 111 km, regional highways - 556 km, and local roads of the Gatchina municipal district - 150 km.

The level of quality of life of the population of the Gatchina municipal district directly depends on the condition of local roads, as the main routes providing communication with populated areas (including access to them for special equipment: fire trucks, ambulances, etc.). Therefore, the development of the road network of the Gatchina municipal district, its arrangement, solution of organization issues traffic, timely repairs and maintenance are the most important tasks in ensuring the life and economic development of the Gatchina municipal region. An important factor is the quality of services provided to the population in the field of transportation by road and rail.

Characteristics of indicators of transport infrastructure facilities and passenger traffic in the Gatchina municipal district and the municipal formation “City of Gatchina” in the period 2012-2014. is given in the table.

Table 28.

Characteristics of transport infrastructure facilities and passenger transportation

Territory	2012	2013	2014
Length of public roads of local importance, total (km)
Gatchina municipal district	777,3	1 205,80	1 248,20
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"	154,0	154,0	154,0
including hard surface (km)
Gatchina municipal district	617,6	1 022,30	1 067,70
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"	153,9	153,9	153,9
of which with improved coverage (km)
Gatchina municipal district	423,8	376,80	454,40
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"	147,4	147,4	147,4
Share of paved roads in the total length of roads, %
Gatchina municipal district	79,0	85,00	85,50
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"	99,9	99,9	99,9
Share of roads with improved surfaces in the length of roads with hard surfaces, %
Gatchina municipal district	69,0	37,00	42,50
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"	95,8	95,8	95,8
Length of public roads of local importance that do not meet regulatory requirements (km/% of the total length of public roads of local importance)
Gatchina municipal district	30,26/ 3,9	44,60/ 3,7	70,50/ 5,6
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
The volume of financial resources aimed at implementing road activities as part of the implementation of the activities of the state program of the Leningrad Region “Development of highways in the Leningrad Region”, thousand rubles.
Gatchina municipal district	371379,38	479 576,50	41 329,84
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"	125744,8	179537,5	2938,0
Length of repaired public roads of local importance as part of the implementation of the state program of the Leningrad Region “Development of Highways in the Leningrad Region” (km)
Gatchina municipal district	14,83	26,81	8,75
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"	3,2	10,5
Public road transport routes providing transport services to the population and passing through the territory of the municipality, units.
Gatchina municipal district
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
including: suburban services, units.
Gatchina municipal district
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
including: city traffic, units.
Gatchina municipal district
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
including: intermunicipal transport, units.
Gatchina municipal district
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
Rolling stock of automobile and urban ground electric transport for public use, providing transport services to the population, units.
Gatchina municipal district		238,00	203,00
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
including on routes: suburban services, units.
Gatchina municipal district		145,00	71,00
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
including on routes: city traffic, units.
Gatchina municipal district		16,00	23,00
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
including on routes: intermunicipal transport, units.
Gatchina municipal district		77,00	109,00
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
Routes of public railway transport for suburban transport, providing transport services to the population, passing through the territory of the municipality, units.
Gatchina municipal district		5,00	18,00
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"
Share of transport infrastructure facilities equipped for access for people with disabilities from the total number of infrastructure facilities of suburban, urban and intermunicipal transport, %
Gatchina municipal district	4,0	4,00	4,00
Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina"	n/a	n/a	3,8

In general, in terms of indicators characterizing the state of existing communication routes and the quality of transport services for the population, the Gatchina municipal district is inferior to the Municipal Municipality "City of Gatchina".

Thus, the technical characteristics of all public roads of local importance in the municipal municipality "City of Gatchina" have been brought up to standard indicators, while the length of roads of the Gatchina municipal district that do not meet standard indicators is increasing every year and, as of 2014, is more than 5% of the total length.

In 2014, the amount of funding from the regional budget allocated for road activities decreased sharply. As a result, the number of repaired roads in the Gatchina municipal district has decreased compared to previous years.

The total number of public road transport routes in the Gatchina municipal district has decreased, and the rolling stock of road transport in the municipal region and the city has also significantly decreased, which indicates a deterioration in the level of transport services for the population by road transport.

Positive factors include an increase of more than three times in the number of public suburban railway transport routes in the Gatchina municipal district.

The level of accessibility of transport infrastructure for people with disabilities and other groups of the population with limited mobility remains extremely low.

In general, despite the importance of the development of the housing and communal services sector, currently the most pressing issues of infrastructure development are being resolved at a rather slow pace. This is due to a number of reasons: an initially high degree of depreciation of fixed assets, low level the provision of infrastructure facilities, especially in rural settlements, and the lack of an effective system of financing this area determined the main directions of development primarily through solving accumulated problems, rather than development.

In the block of indicators for comparative analysis According to the assessment for urban and rural settlements, the following indicators are presented:

Number of non-gasified settlements;

Characteristics of heating, water supply, sewerage and electricity networks according to the following indicators: total length of networks, the proportion of those in need of replacement and the proportion of those repaired in 2014 from those in need of replacement.

Table 29.

Comparative characteristics of indicators development of communal infrastructure for municipalities of the Gatchina municipal district

Settlement	Number of non-gas-connected settlements	Heating system	Water supply system	Drainage system	Power supply system
Length of heating and steam networks in two-pipe calculation, meters			Single length of street water supply network, meters	% of those in need of replacement of the total length	repaired as a percentage of those in need of replacement	Single length of street sewer network, meters	% of those in need of replacement of the total length	repaired as a percentage of those in need of replacement	Single length of street power line, meters	% of those in need of replacement of the total length	repaired as a percentage of those in need of replacement
Susaninskoe			88,6	14,0		50,2	0,5		54,1	2,9		17,9	20,0
Siverskoye			59,1	17,7		81,9	0,2		61,3	1,2		3,5	63,1
Vyritskoe			64,9	17,5		74,8			34,2	-		27,5	10,7
Rozhdestvenskoe			29,5			52,2			46,9	20,8		44,1	4,2
Taitskoe			56,7			4,2	0,1					9,1	5,7
Syaskelevskoe			27,6			80,9	0,4		65,4			36,1	4,6
Elizavetinskoe			47,5	10,4		99,8	0,1		75,2	0,01		4,3	8,0
Gatchina			31,9	10,4			0,5		92,2	0,1		39,9	1,2
Bolshekolpanskoe			30,5			66,8	0,1		49,0			45,8	2,5
Novosvetskoe			74,3	3,4		68,5	0,6		75,0	0,1		39,7	2,5
Druzhnogorskoe		8 940	69,9		5 753	81,7	0,02	6 618	55,9	-		35,4	11,6
Kommunarskoe			97,0	1,9		79,0			79,7			0,5	685,1
Voyskovitskoe		9 280	83,8		14 148	78,5	0,2	8 456	74,5	0,1	14 500	34,5	6,0
Kobrinskoe			84,3	7,5		94,3	0,3		61,3	0,2		43,3	4,3
Verevskoe			71,5			42,6			74,3			44,2
Pudomyagskoe			37,5			66,6	0,1					47,1
Pudostskoe			78,2	1,8		94,2	0,03		77,6			33,7	2,7
TOTAL			51,2	7,3		70,8	0,3		74,7	0,5		26,5	6,1

Environment

Ecological situation in the Gatchina municipal district, in particular, over the past few years it has remained at a moderately tense level.

The ecological state of the Gatchina municipal district is generally favorable with minor problematic issues. The main environmental problem is the increase in the level of man-made pollution associated with the use of outdated equipment and technologies by individual enterprises.

Ambient air pollution The municipal district is characterized by average indicators for the region. In recent years, there has been an increase in emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from stationary sources in the Gatchina region, which may be due to an increase in the number of enterprises, as well as the use of outdated equipment and technologies by individual enterprises in the region. The main sources of pollutants: poultry industry enterprises, other large enterprises, as well as motor vehicles. In addition, on the territory of the Gatchina municipal district there is an underground gas storage station, which accounts for a significant amount of methane emissions (almost 80% of total methane emissions in the Leningrad region).

The main indicators in air samples that do not meet sanitary standards are: dust content, concentration of sulfur and nitrogen dioxides, carbon monoxide.

Table 30.

Water quality of surface water bodies(the main rivers of the area) are classified as polluted. This is largely due to the fact that industrial and agricultural enterprises in the region discharge significant volumes of insufficiently treated wastewater. At the same time, the increased concentration of iron, manganese and partly heavy metals in river waters is natural and is associated with the fact that swamp waters participate in the feeding of rivers.

The main factors of groundwater pollution(water supply sources) are untreated wastewater from settlements and surface runoff. Absent one system storm sewer and stormwater treatment. Storm wastewater is collected only from the territory of multi-storey buildings in the city of Gatchina and discharged into the river. Izhora and R. Kolpanskaya without treatment - there are no treatment facilities at the storm water outlets.

The main sources of pollution are public utilities, industrial enterprises, agricultural facilities, untreated rain and melt water from undeveloped areas, and pollutants from the atmospheric air.

The quality of water in centralized water supply systems generally meets the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 “Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems". In some settlements, there is an excess of iron content in the water - Vyritsa, Siversky, Pudomyagi, Bolshie Kolpany; it is necessary to purify water from underground sources at iron removal stations.

Generally agricultural soils in the municipal area they are slightly polluted and are safe for cultivating agricultural crops.

One of the main issues, the solution of which falls within the powers of municipalities, remains sanitary cleaning of the territory. In the summer, a significant contribution to the generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) is made by the seasonal population and recreational residents, which is reflected in the total volume of MSW generation.

Collection and disposal of waste in populated areas is carried out by licensed organizations using special vehicles. Removal is carried out to authorized landfills. There are 2 solid waste landfills on the territory of the municipal district: Novy Svet-Eko LLC with an area of ​​43 hectares and a capacity of 901,275.2 tons/year (Novosvetskoye rural settlement) and the Ecomonitoring landfill with a capacity of 25,500 tons/year (Siverskoye urban settlement). The New Svet-Eco landfill accepts a large share of St. Petersburg’s waste. The Ecomonitoring landfill was excluded from the GRRORO in 2014 due to the expiration of the license.

A licensed landfill located in the municipal area, which meets modern standards, accepts and fully copes with the volume of waste removed from populated areas of the municipal area.

The main problems of handling production and consumption waste in the region are:

Unauthorized landfills, which occur mainly in the summer season around gardening, gardening and summer cottages, as well as along highways and railways;

Lack of selective collection of consumer and industrial waste at the sites of its original generation.

Industrial waste from enterprises is transported under contracts to the St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise "Landfill "Krasny Bor", mercury-containing waste (burnt-out, waste fluorescent lamps, mercury-containing lamps) under contracts is sent to specialized organizations for disposal (LLC "Ecological enterprise "Mercury", CJSC "PEKOP" and etc.). Enterprises carry out temporary storage of this waste in specially equipped places, in accordance with the developed draft waste generation standards and limits on their disposal.

There is still a problem with the population placing most of the fluorescent lamps in solid waste collection areas.

Radiation situation in most of the municipal area it is characterized by low values ​​of the exposure dose rate of gamma radiation and the content of radioactive elements. The gamma background level is determined by natural (soil contamination with natural radionuclides from underlying soil-forming rocks with increased natural radioactivity) and (slightly) man-made sources (abundance of radiation hazardous objects, the possibility of transboundary pollution and pollution during the transit of goods, unauthorized waste disposal, as a result of surface redistribution Chernobyl fallout, etc.). Within the boundaries of the Gatchina municipal district there are territories that have been subjected to radioactive contamination as a result of past radiation accidents and incidents. The extreme southwestern part of the municipal area fell into the “Chernobyl footprint” zone.

The northern part of the municipal area is potentially hazardous for radon. It is here that dictyonema shales, rocks with a uranium content higher than the background, come to the surface or are located in close proximity to the earth’s surface. Being within the development of zones of tectonic disturbances and other heterogeneities in the geological structure, radon emanations are significantly higher.

Being radioactive, the gas penetrates through cracks in the soil of the earth's rocks, and then into building structures. By breaking down into radionuclides, radon increases the risk of non-cancerous diseases of the upper respiratory tract and cardiovascular diseases and becomes a cause of cancer. Up to 70% of the radioactive exposure a person receives during his life comes from radon. Radon accumulates, first of all, in poorly ventilated rooms on the first floors of houses - basements, in underground passages. Considering the danger of its impact on the human body, it is necessary to conduct research and disinfection in areas where toxic gas accumulates.

In general, the following factors influence the environmental situation in the Gatchina municipal district:

§ The main sources of air pollution are road transport and industrial enterprises.

§ Water bodies polluted by storm drains discharged without treatment, as well as insufficiently treated wastewater from municipal facilities, industrial enterprises, and agricultural facilities.

§ The bacteriological state of unprotected or insufficiently protected groundwater horizons is unfavorable. The most used Ordovician aquifer for drinking water supply is poorly protected from surface pollution. Monitoring of potential sources of pollution in sanitary protection zones of wells, prevention of filtration of contaminated water from the soil surface into aquifers, and systematic observations of the chemical and bacteriological state of groundwater are required.

§ Currently, in the Gatchina municipal district, the problem of recycling production and consumption waste has not been fully resolved. As a result of the lack of a separate collection system, valuable secondary raw materials, including wood residues, scrap metal, waste paper, etc., end up in the solid waste landfill.

§ The problem of the formation of unauthorized landfills and waste piles, which are sources of pollution, remains environment.

§ Radiation background of the municipal area throughout recent years is at a stable level.

§ The northern part of the municipal area is potentially hazardous for radon. It is necessary to carry out mandatory radon protection measures during new construction and their implementation, to the extent possible, in existing public and residential buildings within zones of increased radon concentration in soils.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation stipulates that everyone has the right to housing, and no one can be arbitrarily deprived of housing. State authorities and compulsory health insurance encourage housing construction and create conditions for citizens to exercise their right to housing. The new Housing Code of the Russian Federation states that government bodies and compulsory health insurance promote the development of the real estate market in the housing sector, use various sources of money not prohibited by law Money to improve the living conditions of citizens.

In Moscow, since 1991, housing and communal services reform has been consistently carried out. In order to improve the maintenance of the housing stock and increase responsibility for the quality of work performed, measures have been taken to separate the functions of the customer and contractor and create a market for housing services. and citizens' payments for housing and communal services are gradually increasing, low-income families are provided with subsidies to pay for them. Resource-saving technologies and water and heat consumption metering devices are being introduced. However, transformations in the housing and communal services sector of Moscow do not meet the requirements of the time. The socio-economic situation in the urban economy, as well as throughout the country as a whole, has a negative impact on the operation of public utility infrastructure.

As a result, the wear and tear of fixed assets in the housing and communal services sector continues to increase, and the reliability of life support systems decreases. Minimum service quality standards are not provided. The increase in rates and tariffs for housing and communal services for the population and the corresponding increase in the share of payments by the population in covering the costs of maintaining and repairing the housing stock and providing utility services is restrained by the extremely low growth rates of the living standards of a significant part of the city residents. Currently, about 70% of Muscovites do not have the opportunity to purchase average-comfort housing and about 20% do not have the opportunity to pay for services current rates and tariffs.

In 1993, housing management reform began. The functions of managing and operating the housing stock are separated. State unitary enterprises have been created - Directorates of a single customer, on whose balance sheet the housing and non-residential stock and public utility facilities have been transferred. Directorates began to perform the functions of managing the named property complex. Repair and maintenance departments, road management and improvement departments, and other structures that were previously divisions of monopolists - Industrial Repair and Operation Associations of districts, were re-registered as independent unitary state enterprises. There is a transition to contractual relations between property and business entities.

In order to create an active competitive environment in the field of housing maintenance in Moscow, organizations have been involved since 1993 various forms city ​​property on a competitive basis. In 2000, an experiment was launched to attract private companies through competitive selection to manage the housing stock, which creates the preconditions for breaking the monopolization of public housing units and improving the quality of their work. In pursuance of the Order of the Prime Minister of the Moscow Government dated September 4, 2000 No. 882-RP “On conducting an experiment to attract a private company to manage the housing stock of Moscow and for the purpose of further development competitive environment and improving the management of the housing stock, as well as in pursuance of the Decree of the Moscow Government of April 27, 1999 No. 27.04.99 No. 360 “On the progress of the implementation of the Housing and Communal Services Reform Program in Moscow,” the South-Eastern Administrative Prefecture began an experiment on attracting a private company to manage the housing stock. As part of the experiment, a corresponding order was issued by the Prefect of the South-Eastern Administrative District, which approved and defined the boundaries of the territories and the address list of houses, the management of which will be transferred to a private company in the Vykhino microdistrict, and also determined that the private company that won the competition should be entrusted with all functional responsibilities of the district customer service, except for conducting work on passport registration of the population, registering citizens at their place of stay and place of residence, carrying out civil defense activities and maintaining civil defense facilities.

The system of control over the maintenance and operation of the housing stock is also being improved. Thus, in 1992, the State Housing Inspectorate for Moscow was created. A system for monitoring expenditure has been created in the Municipal Economy Complex budget funds. Measures are being taken to apply resource-saving technologies and introduce water and heat consumption meters. The Moscow government is taking measures to reduce the costs of maintaining and repairing the housing stock. Regulatory and methodological documents have been developed that define the principle of planning and financing the costs of housing operation, and standard standards for the number and funds allocated for wages in housing organizations have been introduced. Operational regulations and standards, uniform reporting and planning forms have been approved. Since August 1994, Moscow has switched to a new principle of payment for housing and communal services: 1. rental fees have been introduced; 2. payment rates for housing (maintenance services for owners) are differentiated based on the category of the house; 3. Standards for the consumption of utilities have been approved. At the same time, it has been established that for consumers who have water and heat consumption meters, calculations are made based on the readings of these devices. A procedure has been introduced in which citizens who have more than one home pay for housing services according to their actual cost; 4. by resolution of the Moscow Government procedure approved and the conditions for renting premises owned by state and municipal property, the institution of “commercial rental” has been introduced, providing for the provision of housing for a certain period without restrictions on area with payment for services at a higher cost; 5. Since 1997, a home insurance system has been implemented.

In the period from January 1, 1998 to January 1, 2001, the number of existing residential insurance contracts in Moscow increased from 7,271 to 894,899. In the South-Eastern Administrative District, the percentage of coverage of the insurance field is 37% of the total number of apartments - this is the second indicator in the city. Simultaneously with the increase in payments for housing and communal services, the City Center was created by order of the Prime Minister of the Moscow Government in 1994 housing subsidies, the main function of which is to provide housing subsidies to low-income citizens to pay for housing and utilities. The city has a system in which families (citizens) whose payments for housing and communal services, within the social norm for housing area and standards for the consumption of utilities, exceed the maximum permissible share of expenses, have the right to housing subsidies. The determining direction for the development of the reform of the housing and communal services system are: a) further differentiation of payment rates for housing services, in order to bring the population's payment for the services received closer to their actual cost; b) giving special attention in this regard, the institution of housing subsidies; c) increasing the requirements for the quality of services provided by further expanding the list of penalties for non-delivery or poor-quality delivery of services; d) encouraging the organization of homeowners' associations.

The development of the institution of management in the housing sector was formed as part of the reform of the housing and communal services in the Russian Federation and directly depended on the reform goals provided for by the Concept of the reform of housing and communal services in the Russian Federation and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 2001 “On the subprogram “Reform and modernization of housing and communal services”. municipal complex of the Russian Federation".

The housing and communal services reform included:

Financial recovery of housing and communal enterprises;

Increasing the reliability of the functioning of communal life support systems;

Transition to self-financing of housing and communal services organizations by ending budget allocations for providing them with subsidies, as well as cross-subsidizing consumers;

Increasing tariffs for housing and communal services for the population to an economically justified level, determined mainly through the competitive selection of organizations providing these services;

Elimination of excess wear and tear of fixed assets;

Increasing the share of payments from the population in covering the costs of operation and development of housing and communal services.

The main goals of reforming the housing and communal services were:

Liquidation of the subsidized housing and communal services complex;

Providing living conditions that meet quality standards;

Reducing the costs of service providers and, accordingly, tariffs while maintaining quality standards for the services provided;

Mitigation for the population of the process of reforming the system of payment for housing and utilities during the transition of the industry to a break-even operating mode.

These goals were achieved:

Improving the management, operation and control system in housing and communal services;

Transition to contractual relations and development of a competitive environment;

Providing consumers with the opportunity to influence the volume and quality of services consumed, mainly through competitive selection of organizations managing and servicing the housing stock;

Introduction of resource-saving technologies;

Improving the system social protection population: streamlining the existing system of benefits, strengthening the targeting of funds allocated for these purposes;

A widespread, full-scale transition to a system of personalized social accounts for citizens.

The association of homeowners into homeowners' associations has come to be seen as one of the most acceptable ways to protect the rights of owners in the housing sector and as an element of demonopolization of the sphere of housing management. It was assumed that the homeowners association:

1. capable of influencing the cost and quality of provided housing and communal services;

2. gets a real opportunity to independently decide on the organization of maintenance and operation of housing, and, consequently, determine the procedure for spending funds allocated for these purposes;

3. has the ability to apply resource-saving measures, which can significantly reduce the overall volume of resource consumption by preventing unnecessary consumption of water, gas and other energy resources;

4. accustoms the population to be economical in the provision of housing and communal services, since they have the opportunity to trace the connection between their costs and the consumption of these services, which is practically impossible to do in the municipal housing stock, and in particular in individual privatized apartments.

Property reform in the housing sector should have led to the development of competition in two directions:

a) competition in the field of real estate management for obtaining an order from owners to manage the housing stock;

b) competition contractors for receiving an order for the provision of housing and communal services from the management company.

We can summarize some results of the reform of the residential complex sector today:

1) a system of interbudgetary relations has been built between the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

2) a system of social protection for citizens has been introduced when they pay for housing and utilities;

3) the pricing system for the performance of work and the provision of services for maintenance and current repairs has been changed common property in apartment buildings;

4) a system of state housing inspection bodies has been created in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

5) the system of benefits provided has been streamlined separate categories citizens, and sources of their financing have been identified;

6) differentiation of housing payment rates has been introduced depending on its quality, location and amenities;

7) a transition is being made to the installation of individual meters for metering and regulating the consumption of water, gas and other energy resources in new residential buildings, reconstructed or overhauled housing, as well as in existing buildings (in the city of Moscow).

But many problems in the housing and communal services sector remained unresolved:

Depreciation of fixed assets has increased;

Underfinancing of housing and communal services continues;

Housing and communal services continue to be provided at a high cost;

Demonopolization in the sphere of housing management has not occurred;

The existing housing management system remained ineffective;

Subsidies in the housing and communal services sector have not been eliminated;

Conditions have not been created to attract private investment;

In the housing sector, it was not possible to take full advantage of competitive relations in the management and operation of housing, since in conditions of unstable and insufficient financing it turned out to be impossible to achieve full-fledged contractual relations.

Disadvantages previously current system contractual relations were due to the following circumstances:

Managing organizations, depending on their organizational and legal form, were in different conditions when carrying out economic activities;

Local governments selected management organizations by holding open competitions for the management of housing stock, of which they were not the owner;

When creating management organizations, it was assumed that they would act in the system of contractual relations in the interests of homeowners and protect their rights as consumers of housing and communal services. In fact, the created management organizations as independent economic entities began to act in contractual relations on their own behalf and at their own expense;

Management organizations suffered losses due to the failure of the population and budgets to fulfill obligations to pay for the provided housing and communal services and other reasons.

It is worth noting that in the period from 2002-2004. active development of mortgage housing lending. The total amount of debt on issued loans increased from 3.6 billion rubles. up to 25-30 billion rubles, i.e. increased more than 7 times. But still, a significant obstacle to the development of housing and communal construction continues to be the limited ability to provide land plots with the necessary communal infrastructure.

Measures to solve this problem will be implemented within the framework of the subprogram “Providing land plots with communal infrastructure” of the “Housing for 2006-2010” Program.

The subprogram “Modernization of municipal infrastructure facilities” of the federal target program “Housing” for 2002-2010 provides for improving the quality of provision of public services to the population and creating the conditions necessary for attracting organizations of various organizational and legal forms to the management of municipal infrastructure facilities, as well as funds from extra-budgetary sources for modernization of municipal infrastructure facilities.

The subprogram is aimed at providing reliable and sustainable service to consumers of utility services, reducing excess wear and tear of utility infrastructure facilities, modernizing these facilities through the introduction of resource-energy-saving technologies, developing and implementing measures to stimulate the efficient and rational management of utility organizations, and attracting funds from extra-budgetary sources.

National project	Other implementing documents
Priorities
Increasing the volume of housing construction and modernizing public infrastructure facilities	1. Provide conditions for an adequate increase in housing supply by competitive market housing construction, satisfying the increasing effective demand of the population. 2. Improve the quality of public services provided by modernizing the public infrastructure, both in new housing stock and in existing buildings.	1.1 Providing land plots for housing construction with communal infrastructure. 1.2 Reduction of administrative barriers, development of market infrastructure, urban planning and antimonopoly regulation in the field of housing construction. 2.1 Modernization of public infrastructure facilities and attraction of private investment	Subprogram “Providing land plots with communal infrastructure.” Subprogram “Modernization of municipal infrastructure facilities”

Figure 3 - Modernization of municipal infrastructure facilities 2006-2010.

It involves the development and modification of the subprogram “Reform and modernization of the housing and communal services complex of the Russian Federation” of the federal target program “Housing” for 2002-2010, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2001 No. 797.

Today, the housing and communal services sector requires attracting large investments for modernization and development. Measures to modernize communal infrastructure and attract private investment will be implemented within the framework of the subprogram “Modernization of municipal infrastructure facilities” of the “Housing for 2006-2010” Program.

GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

1. Approve the attached Federation Strategy for the period until 2020.
2. Recommend that government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local self-government bodies be guided by the provisions of the Strategy approved by this order when developing regional target programs and other documents, including legal acts, in the field of housing and communal services.

Chairman of the Government
Russian Federation
D.MEDVEDEV

Approved
by government order
Russian Federation
dated January 26, 2016 N 80-r

STRATEGY
DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES IN THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATIONS FOR THE PERIOD UNTIL 2020

I. Introduction

The strategy for the development of housing and communal services in the Russian Federation for the period until 2020 (hereinafter referred to as the Strategy) was developed in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law "On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation", targets and tasks defined in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 2012 N 600 “On measures to provide citizens of the Russian Federation with affordable and comfortable housing and improve the quality of housing and communal services.”

The strategy was developed to:

identifying key priorities, medium-term goals and objectives public policy in the field of housing and communal services;

formation of common guidelines and expectations among participants in legal relations in the field of housing and communal services, investors, consumers of resources and housing and communal services regarding the directions and prospects for the development of housing and communal services;

determining the main measures and activities aimed at achieving the intended goals.

The implementation of the Strategy depends on the macroeconomic environment, including price dynamics, interest rates on loans, income levels, as well as social and political factors, regional and local socio-economic conditions and characteristics.

The key directions of the Strategy are:

the formation of active and responsible owners of premises in apartment buildings who have all the rights to make decisions regarding their home and real opportunities to exercise these rights, as well as a certain level of responsibility for decisions made;

development of entrepreneurship, strengthening the competitive environment and attracting private investment in the housing and communal services sector;

improving the system of relations between owners of premises in apartment buildings, management organizations and resource supply organizations;

increasing the energy efficiency of the industry.

The sphere of housing and communal services includes the following main areas:

carrying out activities aimed at improving the living conditions of citizens in the housing stock, including the management of apartment buildings, major repairs of common property in apartment buildings, including the modernization of elevator equipment, as well as the relocation of citizens from emergency housing stock;

implementation of regulated activities in the field of supply of municipal resources (provision of public services) (issues of electricity and gas supply are considered in other strategic planning documents), including cold water supply, sewerage, hot water supply, heat supply, as well as the management of municipal solid waste;

maintaining a state information system for housing and communal services, which includes such areas as social policy, personnel policy, as well as public control.

The strategy defines the following as priorities for the development of the housing and communal services sector:

provision of high-quality housing and communal services to consumers in order to provide citizens with comfortable living conditions;

the presence of a balance of interests of various participants in the sphere of housing and communal services.

The rights, legitimate interests and obligations of all participants in the sphere of housing and communal services (resource supply organizations, consumers, persons managing apartment buildings or providing services (performing work) for the current maintenance of common property in an apartment building) must be clearly formulated and ensure accounting and development interests of all participants in legal relations in the field of housing and communal services. Need to create economic prerequisites for the stable activities of each such participant, allowing it to conduct break-even activities while complying with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation;

ensuring environmental friendliness (environmental protection and protection, development and use of alternative energy sources, careful use of public resources, raising energy efficiency standards).

The strategy is the basis for the development of the Housing and Communal Services Development Strategy until 2030.

II. general characteristics current state housing and communal services

Housing and communal services is one of the basic industries Russian economy, providing the population with vital services, and industry with the necessary engineering infrastructure. The annual turnover in the housing and communal services sector exceeds 4.1 trillion. rubles, this is more than 5.7 percent of Russia's gross domestic product.

According to Federal service state statistics, the volume of housing stock in the Russian Federation is 3.3 billion square meters. m, including apartment buildings - 2.4 billion sq. m. m (which is 72 percent of the total housing stock).

According to a survey conducted in May 2015, the majority of citizens (55 percent) consider the amount they pay for utilities to be unfair, 63 percent of respondents called the cost of utilities overpriced, while residents of small towns with population from 50 to 100 thousand people (75 percent).

At the same time, 83 percent of respondents have a positive attitude towards the installation of metering devices. In order to reduce the overall payment for consumed utility resources, the vast majority of respondents (71 percent) have already installed water consumption meters.

According to the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, only 62.1 percent of the population in Russia consumes high-quality water. In the field of water supply, only 55.5 percent of the water supplied to the network is purified to the standard level, and in the field of water disposal and wastewater treatment, only 45 percent of wastewater is purified to the standard level. 48 percent of the population have interruptions in the supply of hot water, 42 percent of the population - cold water, and 28 percent of the population - electricity.

At the same time, according to research conducted in May 2015, more than half of the respondents began to satisfactorily assess the quality of public services, and 12 percent of respondents noted an improvement in their quality, mainly residents of small towns (20 percent) and villages (15 percent) .

According to a survey conducted by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion in 2015, the greatest dissatisfaction of citizens is associated with the unsanitary condition of stairs and irregular cleaning of the entrance (38 percent), poor condition of roofs, walls and ceilings (36 percent), rotten and faulty water and sewer pipes ( 33 percent), unsanitary condition of basements (27 percent), malfunction of doors, window frames, balconies (24 percent), frequent breakdowns of elevators (11 percent).

By expert assessments, the annual investment needs of the utility sector are at least 500 billion rubles (more than 200 billion rubles - investments in the heat supply sector, more than 100 billion rubles - investments in the water supply sector, more than 100 billion rubles - investments in the sanitation sector).

At the same time, the housing and communal services sector has a huge potential for increasing efficiency, which, according to expert estimates, reaches 40 percent, but it can only be used if there is an influx of investment and the use of the most effective technologies.

III. Main priorities, goals and objectives of the state
policies in the field of housing and communal services

The main goals of state policy in the field of housing and communal services in accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2012 N 600 “On measures to provide citizens of the Russian Federation with affordable and comfortable housing and improve the quality of housing and communal services” are to improve the quality of life of the population by improving the quality and reliability of housing and communal services, as well as ensuring their accessibility to the population.

The priorities of state policy in the housing and communal services sector are:

improving the comfort of living conditions, including ensuring the accessibility of apartment buildings for people with disabilities and other groups of the population with limited mobility;

modernization and improvement of energy efficiency of housing and communal services;

transition to the principle of using the most effective technologies used in the modernization (construction) of municipal infrastructure facilities and modernization of the housing stock.

The concepts of quality and reliability of housing and communal services include safe and favorable living conditions for citizens in apartment buildings and residential buildings, uninterrupted provision of heating services, hot and cold water supply, sewerage, electricity and gas supply, management of solid municipal waste in accordance with sanitary standards norms and rules and others mandatory requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The main task of government authorities in the field of housing and communal services is to create a system of regulatory legal regulation ensuring the effective functioning and sustainable development of the housing and communal services sector, including the reduction of administrative procedures and the prevention of corruption.

The implementation of this task is impossible without increasing the transparency of information about the activities of organizations in the field of housing and communal services for consumers, investors and regulatory authorities, which is ensured by the creation of a state information system for housing and communal services.

It is necessary to stimulate the development of intelligent systems for integrated metering of utility energy resources, allowing, first of all, to ensure remote metering of utility energy resources (services), including through a gradual change in the requirements for metering devices, generalization and popularization of the best solutions on this issue, as well as the creation at the regional level single information resource(database), ensuring the organization of regular collection and systematization of reliable and up-to-date information about municipal infrastructure facilities, their technical and economic condition and property rights to the above-mentioned objects, about regional consumers of utility resources (services). Increasing information transparency in this area will have a positive impact on the quality of management decisions, increasing energy efficiency and payment discipline, as well as helping to attract investment into the industry.

To ensure balanced development of public utility infrastructure systems, taking into account future needs, territorial and investment planning mechanisms must be coordinated.

In the context of deteriorating macroeconomic conditions, it is necessary to make maximum use of internal reserves for the development of housing and communal services related to the optimization of current and investment costs and energy saving. One of the important areas for increasing the energy efficiency of housing and communal services is the development of the energy services market.

To ensure the modernization of investment-unattractive housing and communal services facilities, it is necessary to take special measures aimed at stimulating the consolidation of assets of enterprises controlled by executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with their subsequent transfer to management of private operators on the basis of concessions agreements.

To achieve the strategic goal and solve the assigned tasks, it is necessary to implement measures and activities aimed at:

development of entrepreneurship, including the development of competition, attraction of private investment in the housing and communal services sector on market conditions;

quality improvement government controlled, including optimizing the division of powers and responsibilities, improving the system of government regulation;

increasing the efficiency of infrastructure management, stimulating energy saving, while taking into account the problem of negative economic efficiency most projects to improve the energy efficiency of municipal infrastructure facilities and their high cost;

transition to the use of the most effective technologies used in the modernization (construction) of municipal infrastructure facilities;

the formation of a motivation system for participants in legal relations in the field of housing and communal services, both in the housing and public utilities sectors, stimulating them to rational and energy-efficient behavior;

ensuring targeted social support for the population;

development of human and social capital, including increasing labor productivity, developing scientific and technical potential, improving the system public control, improving the image of housing and communal services in the media.

The strategy defines the goals and objectives of state policy in certain areas of the housing and communal services sector, taking into account their specifics, as well as the measures and activities necessary to achieve the goals established in these areas and solve the assigned tasks.

The qualitative and progressive development of the housing and communal services sector will serve as one of the main sources of economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation due to the close connection of the industry with more than 30 related industries. During periods of financial instability, the housing and communal services sector is one of the most stable sectors of the economy of the Russian Federation (including due to the presence of guaranteed demand for the goods, works and services produced).

Achieving the set goals and objectives, as well as implementing the measures provided for by the Strategy, will lead to the creation of a balanced (between consumers and producers of housing and communal services) model of relations in the field of housing and communal services, which will be based on the following target situation - providing consumers with quality housing -utilities, the cost of which, on the one hand, is available to the consumer (including taking into account the provision of state (municipal) support to socially vulnerable categories of the population), and, on the other hand, provides not only reimbursement of the costs of producing these services to their producers, but and returns for investors.

Monitoring the achievement of goals and solutions to the objectives of the Strategy will be carried out by the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation through the use of the following main tools:

state information system of housing and communal services in terms of information posted in this information system;

information departmental system for monitoring the state of housing and communal services of the Ministry of Construction of Russia;

automated system "Housing and Communal Services Reform", currently administered by the state corporation - the Fund for Assistance to the Reform of Housing and Communal Services, regarding issues of relocation of citizens from emergency housing stock and the functioning of regional capital repair systems.

Based on the results of monitoring the implementation of the Strategy, it is planned to send annual reports to the Government of the Russian Federation, as well as to consider these results at meetings of the interdepartmental working group on issues of housing and communal services, created by the decision of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev. dated May 20, 2015 N 3083p-P9.

IV. Development measures
housing and communal services in main areas
sphere of housing and communal services

1. Management of apartment buildings

In the field of management of apartment buildings, the main goal of state policy is to increase the level of citizen satisfaction with the quality and cost of services for the maintenance and ongoing repairs of the common property of apartment buildings, as well as utilities.

Achieving this goal will be ensured by solving the following tasks:

ensuring professional management of apartment buildings, that is, management organizations licensed to carry out business activities in managing apartment buildings;

creating conditions for increasing the activity and responsibility of owners of premises in apartment buildings through the development of forms of self-government of citizens in the field of housing and communal services, primarily such as councils of apartment buildings and homeowners' associations;

creating incentives for owners of premises in an apartment building to preserve and increase the value of their property in the said building, including by ensuring its proper maintenance, as well as timely major repairs and modernization.

The main regulatory legal acts in this area include the Housing Code of the Russian Federation (as amended by the Federal Law "On Amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation and the recognition as invalid of certain provisions of legislative acts of the Russian Federation), as well as Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 28, 2014 N 1110 “On licensing business activities for the management of apartment buildings.”

Since 2015, the efforts of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation have been aimed at organizing work related to the licensing system for business activities for managing apartment buildings, and developing fair competition in the market for managing apartment buildings.

In the first quarter of 2015, applications for licenses to carry out business activities in the management of apartment buildings were submitted by 12.5 thousand management organizations operating and managing apartment buildings as of April 1, 2015. Review and issuance of such licenses in relation to the specified organizations were completed in fixed time. Licensing commissions issued about 11 thousand licenses, and denied licenses to 13 percent of management organizations. At the end of July 2015, 12.9 thousand licenses had already been issued, information about which is in accordance with the Federal Law "On Amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation and the Revocation of Certain Provisions of Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation" placed in the state information system of housing and communal services in the unified federal register of licenses.

Licensing will free the market from unscrupulous management organizations, increase the responsibility of management organizations for the quality of housing and communal services provided, and will also provide owners of premises in apartment buildings real instruments impact on management organizations that carry out their activities in violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation, the rights and legitimate interests of citizens.

Licensing is a mechanism for constant monitoring of management organizations and taking effective measures against business entities that commit violations. The effectiveness of this mechanism will be determined by monitoring the situation in the management of apartment buildings, including using the indicator of consumer satisfaction with the quality of services provided.

The issue of creating a professional public association of management organizations should be explored in order to form unified professional standards carrying out activities for the management of apartment buildings, presenting the opinion of the professional community on current issues arising in the field of management of apartment buildings, and participating together with interested authorities in developing the necessary decisions.

The solution to the problem of forming responsible and active owners of premises in apartment buildings will be ensured, among other things, by conducting an information and explanatory campaign to raise awareness of residents of apartment buildings about their rights and responsibilities and simplify the coordination of their actions by expanding the forms of holding general meetings of owners of premises in apartment buildings .

As part of the implementation of the Strategy, proposals will be prepared to improve the legal regulation of the activities of associations of owners of premises in an apartment building (homeowners' associations, housing construction cooperatives, etc.).

At the same time, the development of activity of owners of premises in an apartment building will be facilitated by the changes adopted by the Federal Law “On Amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation” regarding the introduction of new simplified forms for holding a general meeting of owners of premises in an apartment building ( part-time form), uniform forms and requirements for the execution of minutes of general meetings and decisions of owners of premises in an apartment building, as well as other provisions of the said Federal Law. In order to further improve the procedure for holding general meetings of owners of premises in an apartment building and making decisions on general meetings owners of premises in an apartment building, it is necessary to further study the issues of simplifying the coordination of actions of owners of premises in an apartment building, including participation in general meetings of owners who do not actually live in the apartment building, as well as issues of simplifying the forms and methods of informing owners about meetings.

To develop a management system for apartment buildings with high level wear and tear, it will be necessary to create a special model for managing such houses using various support measures from state and (or) municipal structures providing relevant services. At the same time, state policy in the field of management of apartment buildings with a high level of wear and tear, as well as the actions of authorities in the region and (or) municipality, should be focused on attracting private management organizations to this area, without creating conditions under which they dominate in this segment market for the management of apartment buildings will be state and (or) municipal organizations that carry out entrepreneurial activity for the management of apartment buildings.

Will be formed new model legal relations for payment of utilities (resources), providing for:

improving the payment system for utility services;

increasing the responsibility of consumers for timely payment of housing and communal services, as well as the responsibility of resource supply and management organizations for the quality of public services and resources by introducing, among other things, special fines for violation of the quality parameters of services provided.

It is necessary to solve the following problems in the management of apartment buildings:

creation of a mechanism for differentiated liability of management organizations, including in terms of the amount of fines imposed on management organizations in connection with their violation of licensing requirements;

establishment of additional requirements for management organizations (requirements for authorized capital, material and technical base, financial condition etc.), including their inclusion in the licensing requirements;

development of proposals on the need to take into account economically justified business profits when determining the amount of payment for housing services;

creating a clear and universal mechanism for checking (primarily for the owner of premises in an apartment building) the validity of the established fee for the maintenance and current repairs of common property in an apartment building (housing service consumer calculator), as well as improving the mechanism for reducing the specified fee depending on the volume and quality of the actual service provided;

clarification of the provisions of the legislation of the Russian Federation establishing the responsibility of licensing and supervisory authorities regarding the commission of corruption offenses in this area;

improving the procedures for resolving disputes when collecting debts for housing and communal services, as well as considering the possibility of simplifying such collection, including through writ proceedings;

improving the procedure for limiting the provision of utility resources (services), including simplifying the procedure for notifying the consumer-debtor about the introduction of a regime for limiting the provision of utility services, expanding the list of grounds for introducing restrictions (provision) of utility services, while excluding the possibility of abuse by resource supply organizations and unreasonable violation of the rights and legitimate interests of consumers.

One of the tasks that will be solved is to improve the legal regulation of the accounting and use of common property in an apartment building, as well as the development of effective mechanisms for its protection from unlawful actions of third parties.

Particular attention will be paid to improving public policy on issues of updating and significant innovation of legal acts establishing technical requirements to common property in an apartment building and its maintenance, including on the formation of modern rules and regulations for the technical operation of the housing stock.

This part requires:

development of measures to restore the legal rights of owners to common property in an apartment building, including on previously completed transactions, paying special attention to cases of illegal alienation by authorities of property related to common property in an apartment building;

improving the rules for concluding management agreements for apartment buildings, including tightening the requirements regarding the availability and execution of management agreements for apartment buildings, taking into account approximate shape management agreement approved by the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation.

In 2016, the consumption of communal resources for general household needs will be included in housing services. This solution encourages management companies to save energy and identify theft of utility resources. Together with measures to develop energy services, this will make it possible to use significant internal reserves to reduce the cost and improve the quality of housing and communal services in an apartment building, as well as finance energy-saving measures through the resulting savings in energy resources. Until this point, it is necessary to carry out work to update standards for the consumption of utility services, including for general household needs, as well as develop other measures to encourage consumers to install meters for the consumption of utility resources provided for by the Strategy.

In addition, as part of the implementation of the Strategy, proposals will be further developed to improve the payment procedure for the provision of housing and communal services, including the introduction of discounts on their payment or the determination of prepayment conditions (the procedure and mechanisms for implementation of which will be determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation), clarification of the payment period under resource supply agreements and management agreements.

The development of energy services in the housing stock (apartment buildings) will also be ensured. In particular, the procedure for concluding energy service contracts will be simplified and the possibility of fixing the volume of thermal energy consumption in an apartment building for a long-term period will be provided.

Since 2015, a system of federal control over compliance with housing legislation has been operating on the territory of the Russian Federation through the activities of the chief state housing inspector, empowered to conduct inspections of state housing supervision bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

In order to ensure additional control over the implementation of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of management of apartment buildings, work will continue to organize and ensure the functioning of institutions of public control in the field of housing and communal services.

In addition, the following tasks will be implemented within the framework of the Strategy:

improving the selection and change mechanism management organization ensuring, on the one hand, the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of owners of premises in apartment buildings, and, on the other hand, excluding the adoption of unfounded decisions to change the management organization;

improving the system of information disclosure by persons engaged in managing apartment buildings, including in order to increase the awareness of owners of premises in an apartment building;

improving the housing stock monitoring system;

improving the system for metering the consumption of utility services, including through the implementation of measures aimed at stimulating consumers to install metering devices (communal and individual), and establishing liability for interference with the operation of metering devices and unauthorized connection to intra-house networks, as well as the development of measures aimed to comply with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the inclusion automated system accounting for the consumption of utility resources (services) as part of the mandatory equipment during the design and construction of apartment buildings. At the same time, as fundamental principle In order to implement such measures, it is necessary to define the principle of accounting for consumed utility resources (services) using appropriate metering devices for the consumption of utility resources and resolve the issue of ownership of such a metering device. As part of the implementation of these measures, it is also necessary to work out the issue of unifying methods for transmitting meter readings to a resource supplying organization or other organizations that provide relevant services for receiving and transmitting the specified data;

elaboration of proposals for the use as a measure to stimulate the installation of meters for the consumption of utility resources (services), calculation of the consumption of a utility resource (service) using calculation methods based on the maximum (allowed) power (load) in conditions where such a device can be installed, but the corresponding obligation is not fulfilled by the owner of the premises in an apartment building;

encouraging large-scale implementation of energy-saving measures in apartment buildings on the basis of energy service agreements (contracts), including the development of measures that encourage the use of energy-efficient materials and technologies when performing work (providing services) for the routine maintenance and repair of apartment buildings;

creation of a system for monitoring the state of energy efficiency in the housing sector, including the introduction of a classification of apartment buildings by energy efficiency level;

improving the terminology used in the housing sector, including the concepts of “apartment building”, “blocked building”, etc.;

analysis and, if necessary, updating of standards, norms and rules regarding solving issues of technical regulation of the maintenance of an apartment building;

revision uniform form payment document for payment of housing and communal services, including the mandatory use of a two-dimensional bar code symbol in it in accordance with GOST 56042-2014, ensuring the possibility of receiving a receipt in in electronic format in case of consent of the consumer, if the legislation of the Russian Federation allows the use of such types of payment as “autopayment”.

In order to assess the achievement of the set goals in the field of management of apartment buildings, by 2016, indicators characterizing the quality of customer service will be determined, and periodic studies will be organized to assess consumer satisfaction with the level of service and quality of services in the field of management of apartment buildings.

2. Major repairs of common property in apartment buildings

In the field of capital repairs of common property in apartment buildings (hereinafter - capital repairs of apartment buildings), the goal of state policy is to create and ensure the sustainable functioning of regional systems for capital repairs of common property in apartment buildings (hereinafter - regional capital repair systems), ensuring its timely implementation, necessary quality and reasonable cost of work (services) with a gradual transition from the predominance of the system government organization carrying out capital repairs through a system of regional operators to the predominance and spread of the model of organizing capital repairs through a system of special accounts.

In 2014, regional capital repair systems were launched, based on financing capital repairs from the funds of the owners of premises in apartment buildings.

Currently, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have created mechanisms that ensure long-term planning for capital repairs of apartment buildings and are based on its financing by the owners of premises in apartment buildings by paying a monthly mandatory minimum contribution for capital repairs in relation to apartment buildings included in regional capital repair programs.

According to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, in 2014, within the framework of regional capital repair programs, the renovation of 7.7 thousand apartment buildings with a total area of ​​37 million square meters was completed. m, in which 1.4 million people live.

The total amount of financing for regional capital repair programs in 2014 amounted to 36.1 billion rubles, including from funds state corporation- Fund for Assistance to the Reform of Housing and Communal Services - 5.6 billion rubles (15.5 percent), at the expense of the consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - 18.3 billion rubles (50.7 percent), at the expense of the owners - 12, 19 billion rubles (33.8 percent).

It should be noted that the Federal Law “On Amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation” introduced significant changes in terms of adjusting the norms governing capital repairs, based on law enforcement practice and identified problems, including in terms of improving:

the procedure for the formation and updating of regional capital repair programs, including clarifying the procedure for determining the timing of capital repairs and simplifying the procedure for making changes to regional capital repair programs when such changes are caused by technical errors allowed during their formation;

legal regime for the functioning of special accounts;

legal status of the special account owner;

activities of regional operators.

The primary tasks of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments for 2015 - 2016 are:

unconditional fulfillment of obligations undertaken in accordance with the approved regional capital repair programs and short-term plans for their implementation to carry out capital repairs. This is necessary, among other things, from the point of view of increasing citizens’ confidence in the operation of new capital repair systems, for which nothing can be better than demonstrating positive and real examples of the system’s operation;

completion of the formation and ensuring high-quality operation of the monitoring and control system for the functioning of regional operators in accordance with methodological recommendations, approved by the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation;

updating regional capital repair programs in order to eliminate identified deficiencies, as well as bring them into compliance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation;

continuation of active information and educational work with owners of premises in an apartment building on the organization of major repairs;

formation of a system for appointing managers of regional operators who meet the qualification requirements established by the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation;

practical launch of mechanisms preferential lending major repairs, including with government support;

development of additional measures aimed at stimulating the development of special accounts, including:

vesting authorized body of a subject of the Russian Federation the right to make a decision (in agreement with the owners of the premises and the regional operator) on the early transfer from the regional operator’s account to a special account.

The task of improving the quality of capital repairs and the efficiency of expenses for its implementation will be solved through comparative analysis at the federal level and the creation of consolidated standards for the costs of implementing standard types of work, as well as methodological support for the process of carrying out activities by regional operators. In order to ensure transparency in the bidding for the selection of organizations to carry out capital repair work, the procedure and conditions for the placement by the regional operator of temporarily free funds of the capital repair fund, formed on the account of the regional operator, will be established.

In order to implement additional measures during major repairs aimed at increasing energy efficiency, special tools can be used to finance such work on the principles of energy service.

One of the issues that deserves special attention when organizing a major overhaul is the issue of modernizing elevator equipment in an apartment building, including in order to ensure the accessibility of apartment buildings for people with disabilities and other low-mobility groups, vandal resistance, energy efficiency and fire safety elevator equipment.

The basis of the state regulation system in the field of elevator facilities is technical regulations Customs Union TR CU 011/2011 “Safety of Elevators”, according to which, after the expiration of the designated service life (over 25 years), it is not allowed to use the elevator for its intended purpose without conducting a conformity assessment, based on the results of which modernization (major repairs) or replacement of the elevator is carried out. The corresponding work should be carried out on a massive scale as part of the implementation of regional capital repair programs. This service, from the point of view of experts, is one of the most attractive to use credit funds for the purpose of financing it. Another measure, the implementation of which will simultaneously help solve the problem of modernizing the elevator industry and stimulate the development of domestic manufacturers, is to ensure import substitution through the use of elevators from domestic manufacturers.

To ensure the timeliness of major repairs, systematic monitoring of the use of the housing stock and ensuring its safety will be carried out through the collection, systematization and analysis of information in accordance with the established list of indicators.

For these purposes, the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation has put into operation an automated information system for monitoring the implementation by constituent entities of the Russian Federation of regional capital repair programs, which ensures:

obtaining complete and up-to-date information on the planned and (or) completed major repairs of each apartment building by any interested party;

tracking the main stages of organizing and carrying out major repairs of each apartment building included in the regional capital repair program and the short-term plan for its implementation, including ensuring the participation of the owners of premises in the apartment building and the public in the acceptance of major repairs;

monitoring the quality of planning and dynamics of implementation of regional capital repair programs;

control of the cost level of major repairs for a certain type of work (service);

identifying and eliminating duplication of inclusion of apartment buildings in regional capital repair programs and resettlement programs from dilapidated and dilapidated housing;

information openness and transparency in the implementation of regional capital repair programs.

In addition, on the official website of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation and the portal of the state corporation - the Fund for Assistance to the Reform of Housing and Communal Services "Housing and Communal Services Reform" on the information and telecommunications network "Internet" in the "Major Repairs" section within the framework of the color indication system "traffic light" displays indicators of the implementation of regional capital improvement programs.

The main risk in the functioning of the system of capital repairs of apartment buildings is its possible financial imbalance.

To avoid the formation of regional funds Overhaul of deficits and unfunded liabilities federal authorities executive power will be monitored financial stability regional operators of capital repairs and compliance minimum size contributions for capital repairs to the volume of obligations assumed by regional operators.

In addition, at the federal level, a model will be developed that will allow assessing the financial sustainability of already functioning regional capital repair systems, predicting its development and possible problems functioning, as well as timely take measures aimed at solving problems.

An important issue is the elaboration of proposals for the development of a unified approach to the payment of commissions for the services provided for the acceptance and transfer to special accounts of payments for contributions for capital repairs, including as regards the obligation to pay these fees.

The task of increasing the efficiency of the functioning of the established capital repair system will be solved by attracting additional sources of financing for capital repairs of apartment buildings, primarily through the development of lending for capital repairs of apartment buildings.

According to the results of a study conducted in June 2015, 61 percent of respondents see the need for major repairs in the next 3 to 5 years, while more than a third (34 percent) of respondents believe that their apartment building needs to be repaired immediately.

To expand the capabilities of citizens to carry out major repairs, including selective repairs, reduce the “waiting period” for such repairs, improve the comfort and quality of living in an apartment building beyond the minimum list established by the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, activities will continue in terms of the development and development of lending mechanisms capital repairs of apartment buildings. Owners of premises in an apartment building will be able to carry out the necessary work without waiting for the deadlines provided for by the regional capital repair program, and pay for this work through long-term loans, the repayment of which will be carried out from contributions for capital repairs, included in payments for housing and communal services . Increasing the availability of such loans and ensuring the involvement of a larger number of owners of premises in apartment buildings, attracting additional sources of financing for capital repairs of common property, will allow governmental support such owners in the form of subsidies interest rate and subsidizing part of the loan itself.

Also, in order to reduce commercial risks, reduce the cost of loans and increase their terms, mechanisms will be used to refinance loans issued for major repairs of apartment buildings.

The development of lending mechanisms is one of the priority tasks within the framework of the development of regional capital repair systems, and also has important social significance. The possibility of carrying out major repairs in apartment buildings using credit funds will significantly reduce the number of houses requiring major repairs and relieve certain concerns of property owners regarding the formation, preservation and use of capital repair funds.

However, involvement credit institutions in the process of lending for capital repairs is constrained by a number of objective factors, in particular the risks associated with the lack of collateral for these loans. Payments by the owners of the premises, which are required by law, are considered as the main collateral for a loan for major repairs of apartment buildings. As additional security, the use of state and municipal guarantees is provided, provided that appropriate support measures are provided for in the relevant budgets.

3. Liquidation of emergency housing stock
4. Modernization of housing and communal services

Cold water supply and wastewater disposal
Hot water supply
Heat supply

5. Management of municipal solid waste
6. State information system of housing and communal services
7. Social policy
8. Personnel policy
9. Public control

/full text see attached file/

V. Final provisions

The implementation of the Strategy is planned for 2016 - 2020.
Resource support for the implementation of the Strategy is carried out at the expense of budgetary and extra-budgetary sources, generated and provided for in the prescribed manner.
Target indicators for the development of housing and communal services in the Russian Federation until 2020 are presented in the appendix.

Application
to the Development Strategy
housing and communal services
In Russian federation
for the period until 2020

TARGETS
DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES IN THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATIONS UNTIL 2020

Target	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Total area of ​​apartment buildings for which major repairs were carried out on time as part of the implementation of regional capital repair programs (thousand sq. m)
Utility fee collection rate (percent)
Volume of resettled emergency housing stock recognized as such before January 1, 2012 (thousand sq. m)<*>
Level of technological losses during transportation through networks (percent):
thermal energy
cold water
The share of the population provided with high-quality drinking water that meets sanitary and epidemiological standards, in total number population provided with centralized water supply services (percent)
Share of wastewater treated at biological treatment facilities that meet established requirements in the total volume of wastewater passed through treatment facilities (percentage)
Share borrowed money in the total volume of capital investments in heat supply, water supply, water disposal and wastewater treatment systems (percent)
Share of expenses for housing and communal services in total income family (percent)
Transfer to private operators, in the authorized capitals of which the share of participation of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation and (or) municipalities is no more than 25 percent, on the basis of concession agreements of housing and communal services of all state and municipal enterprises carrying out ineffective management (percent)

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